Artur Martin Schwarz (1887–1963) was an Austrian

orthodontist Orthodontics (also referred to as orthodontia) is a dentistry specialty that addresses the diagnosis, prevention, management, and correction of mal-positioned teeth and jaws, as well as misaligned bite patterns. It may also address the modificati ...

who is credited for developing Schwarz double plates in 1956. His appliance later served as a basis for the development of the Twin Block Appliance, which promotes growth of the lower

jaw The jaws are a pair of opposable articulated structures at the entrance of the mouth, typically used for grasping and manipulating food. The term ''jaws'' is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth ...

, for example to treat

overbite Overbite is the extent of vertical ( superior-inferior) overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors, measured relative to the incisal ridges. The term overbite does not refer to a specific condition, nor is ...

Life

Schwarz received his medical degree from

Medical University of Vienna The Medical University of Vienna (MedUni Wien, German language, German: ''Medizinische Universität Wien'') is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It is the direct successor to the faculty of medicine at the University of Vienna, foun ...

in 1913. He served as a military surgeon in

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

. After the war, he studied and practiced

otorhinolaryngology Otorhinolaryngology ( , abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical an ...

under Neumann until 1924. In 1928, Schwarz became the leader of the School Dental Service of Vienna Dental Society after he was introduced to the practice by Gottlieb. Schwarz then became Director of Kieferorthopaedia of Vienna Polyclinic in 1939. At the same time, Schwarz worked with Hans Peter Bimler whom he taught until 1941. Under Schwarz, the orthodontic service was expanded to cover 3000 patients at that place and in 1951, he received the Professor Extraordinary award from the

Polyclinic A polyclinic (where ''poly'' means "many"; not to be confused with the homonym policlinic, where ''poli'' means "city" and which is sometimes used for a hospital's outpatient department) is a clinic or health care facility that provides both g ...

Orthodontics

Artur Schwarz wrote more than 160 scientific papers on the genesis of anomalies, tissue changes related to tooth movement, and orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. He wrote ''Lehrgang der Gebiss-Regelung'', a two volume periodic literature. (A third edition was published in 1961 by Urban and Schwarzenberg). His double active plate tried to combine the effect of an

activator appliance Activator Appliance is an Orthodontics appliance that was developed by Viggo Andresen in 1908. This was one of the first functional appliances that was developed to correct functional jaw in the early 1900s. Activator appliance became the universal ...

and

dental plate Dentures (also known as false teeth) are prosthetic devices constructed to replace missing teeth, supported by the surrounding soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Conventional dentures are removable (removable partial denture or complete ...

s by creating two separate plates for each arch. These double plates resembled activators in two pieces.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwartz, Artur 1887 births 1963 deaths Orthodontists 20th-century dentists