Arthur Loveridge
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Arthur Loveridge (28 May 1891 – 16 February 1980) was a
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...
biologist A biologist is a scientist who conducts research in biology. Biologists are interested in studying life on Earth, whether it is an individual Cell (biology), cell, a multicellular organism, or a Community (ecology), community of Biological inter ...
and
herpetologist Herpetology (from Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν ''herpetón'', meaning "reptile" or "creeping animal") is a branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians (including frogs, salamanders, and caecilians (Gymnophiona)) and reptiles (in ...
who wrote about animals of
East Africa East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the Africa, African continent, distinguished by its unique geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the regi ...
, particularly
Tanzania Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It is bordered by Uganda to the northwest; Kenya to the northeast; the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to t ...
, and of
New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...
. He gave
scientific names In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, altho ...
to several
gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates. They range from . Geckos are unique among lizards ...
species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
in those regions.


Life

Arthur Loveridge was born in
Penarth Penarth ( , ) is a town and Community (Wales), community in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, approximately south of Cardiff city centre on the west shore of the Severn Estuary at the southern end of Cardiff Bay. Penarth is a Seaside resort#Brit ...
,
Wales Wales ( ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the north and west, England to the England–Wales border, east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Celtic ...
, and was interested in
natural history Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study. A person who studies natural history is cal ...
from childhood. He gained experience with the
National Museum of Wales National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, c ...
and
Manchester Museum Manchester Museum is a museum displaying works of archaeology, anthropology and natural history and is owned by the University of Manchester, in England. Sited on Wilmslow Road, Oxford Road (A34 road, A34) at the heart of the university's group ...
before becoming the curator of the Nairobi Museum (now the National Museum of Kenya) in 1914. During WW1, he joined the
East African Mounted Rifles The East African Mounted Rifles was a regiment of mounted infantry raised in the British Colony of Kenya for service in the East African Campaign of the First World War. Formed at the start of the war from volunteers, it was entirely white and ...
, later returning to the museum to build up the collections. He then became an assistant
game warden A conservation officer is a law enforcement officer who protects wildlife and the environment. A conservation officer may also be referred to as an environmental technician/technologist, game warden, park ranger, forest watcher, forest guar ...
in Tanganyika. In 1924, he joined the
Museum of Comparative Zoology The Museum of Comparative Zoology (formally the Agassiz Museum of Comparative Zoology and often abbreviated to MCZ) is a zoology museum located on the grounds of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is one of three natural-history r ...
in the grounds of
Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
in
Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is a suburb in the Greater Boston metropolitan area, located directly across the Charles River from Boston. The city's population as of the 2020 United States census, ...
, where he was the curator of herpetology. He returned to East Africa on several field trips and wrote many scientific papers before retiring from Harvard in 1957. He married Mary Victoria Sloan in 1921, who died in 1972. They had one son. On retirement, they moved to
Saint Helena Saint Helena (, ) is one of the three constituent parts of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, a remote British overseas territory. Saint Helena is a volcanic and tropical island, located in the South Atlantic Ocean, some 1,874 km ...
in the
South Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for ...
, from where he continued his interest in natural history, publishing several articles on the island's wildlife in th
''St Helena Wirebird''
and '' St Helena News Review'' in the 1960s & 1970s. He died in 1980 and was buried in St Helena next to his wife.


Legacy

Several species and
subspecies In Taxonomy (biology), biological classification, subspecies (: subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (Morphology (biology), morpholog ...
of
reptile Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with an ectothermic metabolism and Amniotic egg, amniotic development. Living traditional reptiles comprise four Order (biology), orders: Testudines, Crocodilia, Squamata, and Rhynchocepha ...
s are named in his honor, including '' Afroedura loveridgei, Anolis loveridgei, Atractus loveridgei, Elapsoidea loveridgei, Emoia loveridgei, Eryx colubrinus loveridgei, Indotyphlops loveridgei,
Melanoseps loveridgei ''Melanoseps'' is a genus of lizards, known commonly as limbless skinks, in the family Scincidae. The genus is endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. Species The following eight species are recognized as being valid. *'' Melanoseps ater'' – black ...
'', and '' Philothamnus nitidus loveridgei''. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (Loveridge, p. 161). Three species of endemic St Helenian insect were named after him. the cranefly '' Dicranomyia loveridgeana'', the blackfly '' Simulium loveridgei'', and the subgenus ''Loveridgeana'' of the hoverfly genus ''Sphaerophoria'', with '' Spherophora (Loveridgeana) beattiei'' known on the island as Loveridge's hoverfly. His insect collecting satchel is on display in the St Helena Museum in Jamestown. The Tanzanian fish ''
Opsaridium loveridgii ''Opsaridium loveridgii'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Danionidae. It is found only in Tanzania. Its natural habitats are rivers and freshwater lakes. Etymology The fish is named in honor of British herpetologist-ornithologist A ...
'' (
Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 9th and 10th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norma ...
, 1922)
is named after him.


Partial bibliography

* Allen, Glover M.; Loveridge, Arthur (1927). "Mammals from the
Uluguru The Uluguru mountains are a mountain range in eastern Tanzania, named after the Luguru tribe. The main portion of the Uluguru mountains is a ridge running roughly north-south and rising to altitude at its highest point. On the main Uluguru ran ...
and
Usambara Mountains The Usambara Mountains of northeastern Tanzania in tropical East Africa, comprise the easternmost ranges of the Eastern Arc Mountains. The ranges are approximately long and about half that wide, and they are situated in the Lushoto District ...
, Tanganyika Territory". ''Proceedings of the
Boston Society of Natural History The Boston Society of Natural History (1830–1948) in Boston, Massachusetts, was an organization dedicated to the study and promotion of natural history. It published a scholarly journal and established a museum. In its first few decades, the s ...
'' 38 (9): * Barbour, T.; Loveridge, A. (1928)
"A comparative study of the herpetological faunae of the Uluguru and Usambara mountains, Tanganyika territory with descriptions of new species"
''Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College'' 50 (2): 85–265. * Coward, T.A. (1917). "Observations on the Nesting Habits of the Palm Swift (''Tachornis parva'', Licht) made by Mr Arthur Loveridge in German East Africa". ''Memoirs and Proceedings of the
Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society The Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, popularly known as the Lit. & Phil., is one of the oldest learned societies in the United Kingdom and second oldest provincial learned society (after the Spalding Gentlemen's Society). Promi ...
, Session 1916-1917''. 61 (2): * Gans, Carl (1981)
"In Memoriam: Arthur Loveridge"
'' Herpetologica'' 37 (2): 117–121. * Green, A.A. (editor) (1980). "Obituary: The Late Professor Arthur Loveridge". ''St. Helena News Review'', Vol XII, No. 2098, 22 February 1980. * Loveridge, Arthur (1929). ''East African Reptiles and Amphibians in the United States National Museum : United States National Museum: Bulletin 151''. Washington, District of Columbia:
Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution ( ), or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, Education center, education and Research institute, research centers, created by the Federal government of the United States, U.S. government "for the increase a ...
. * Loveridge, Arthur (1928). "Field Notes on Vertebrates Collected by the Smithsonian-Chrysler East African Expedition of 1926". ''Proceedings of the United States National Museum'' 73, Article 17, No 2738. * Loveridge, Arthur (1956). ''Forest Safari''. London:
Lutterworth Press The Lutterworth Press, one of the oldest independent British publishing houses, has traded since the late eighteenth century, initially as the Religious Tract Society (RTS).
. * Loveridge, Arthur (1953). ''I Drank the Zambezi''. London: Lutterworth Press. * Loveridge, Arthur (1930). "A List of the Amphibia of the British Territories in East Africa (Uganda, Kenya Colony, Tanganyika Territory and Zanzibar), Together with Keys for the Diagnosis of the Species". ''
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London The ''Journal of Zoology'' is a scientific journal concerning zoology, the study of animals. It was founded in 1830 by the Zoological Society of London and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. It carries original research papers, which are targeted t ...
''. * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "A List of the Lizards of British Territories in East Africa (Uganda, Kenya Colony, Tanganyika Territory, and Zanzibar) With Keys for the diagnosis of the Species". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1923: 841–863. * Loveridge, Arthur (19??). ''The Lizards of Tanganyika Territory''. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer. * Loveridge, Arthur (1949). ''Many Happy Days I've Squandered''. London: Robert Hale. * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "Notes on East African Birds (chiefly nesting habits and endo-parasites) collected 1920–1923". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1923: 899–921. * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "Notes on East African Lizards collected 1920–1923, with the Description of two new Races of '' Agama lionotus'' Blgr.". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1923: 935–969. * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "Notes on East African Mammals, Collected 1915–1922". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "Notes on East African Mammals, Collected 1920–1923". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1923: 685–739. * Loveridge, Arthur (1925). "Notes on East African Scorpions and
Solifugae Solifugae is an Order (biology), order of Arachnid, arachnids known variously as solifuges, sun spiders, camel spiders, and wind scorpions. The order includes more than 1,000 described species in about 147 genus, genera. Despite the common names, ...
, Collected 1916-1923". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "Notes on East African Snakes, collected 1918–1923". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1923: 871–897. * Loveridge, Arthur (1923). "Notes on East African Tortoises collected 1920–1923, with the description of a New Species of Soft Land
Tortoise Tortoises ( ) are reptiles of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines (Latin for "tortoise"). Like other turtles, tortoises have a shell to protect from predation and other threats. The shell in tortoises is generally hard, and like o ...
". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1923: 923–933 + Plates I–II. * Loveridge, Arthur (1913). "Notes on the Three British
Ophidia __FORCETOC__ Ophidia (also known as Pan-Serpentes) is a group of squamate reptiles including modern snakes and reptiles more closely related to snakes than to other living groups of lizards. Ophidia was defined as the "most recent common ancesto ...
". '' Transactions of the Cardiff Naturalists' Society'' 46: * Loveridge, Arthur (1925). "On ''Natrix olivacea'' (Peters), From
Pemba Island Pemba Island (; ''al-Jazīra al-khadrāʔ''; ; ) is a Tanzanian island forming part of the Zanzibar Archipelago, lying within the Swahili Coast in the Indian Ocean. Geography file:Map of Zanzibar Archipelago-en.svg, left, The main islands of the ...
, and Other Notes on Reptiles and a Muraenid Fish". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London''. * Loveridge, Arthur (1930). "Preliminary Description of a New Tree Viper of the Genus ''
Atheris ''Atheris'' is a genus of Viperinae, vipers known as bush vipers.Spawls S, William Roy Branch, Branch B (1995). ''The Dangerous Snakes of Africa''. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. . They are found only in tropical Sub-Saharan ...
'' from Tanganyika Territory". ''Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club'' 11: * Loveridge, Arthur (1935). "Rambles in Search of Frogs in Equatoria". ''
Harvard Alumni Bulletin ''Harvard Magazine'' is an independently edited magazine and separately incorporated affiliate of Harvard University. It is the only publication covering the entire university and regularly distributed to all graduates, faculty, and staff. The ...
''. * Loveridge, Arthur (1945). ''Reptiles of the Pacific World'' (re-edition in 1946 and reimprint in 1957). * Loveridge, Arthur (1930). "A Scientist's Trip to Eastern Africa". ''Harvard Alumni Bulletin'', 30 October 1930. * Loveridge, Arthur (1940). "A Serpent-Seeking Safaria in Equatoria". ''
The Scientific Monthly ''The Scientific Monthly'' was a science magazine published from 1915 to 1957. Psychologist James McKeen Cattell, the former publisher and editor of '' The Popular Science Monthly'', was the original founder and editor. In 1958, ''The Scientific M ...
'', Vol L & LI, June & July 1940, New York. * Loveridge, Arthur (19??). ''The Snakes of Tanganyika Territory''. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer. * Loveridge, Arthur (1951). ''Tomorrow's a Holiday''. London: Robert Hale.


References


Further reading

*


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Loveridge, Arthur 1891 births 1980 deaths British herpetologists 20th-century British zoologists People from Penarth