Arnstein () is a town in the
Main-Spessart district in the ''
Regierungsbezirk
A ' (, 'governmental district') is a type of administrative division in Germany. Currently, four of sixteen ' (states of Germany) are split into '. Beneath these are rural and urban districts
' (plural, ) serve as regional mid-level local gov ...
'' of
Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia (, ) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
History
After ...
(''Unterfranken'') in
Bavaria
Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a States of Germany, state in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the list of German states by area, largest German state by land area, comprising approximately 1/5 of the total l ...
,
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
.
Geography
Location
The town lies on the banks of the river Wern and is roughly 20 km from
Schweinfurt
Schweinfurt ( , ; ) is a town#Germany, city in the district of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the surrounding Schweinfurt (district), district (''Landkreis'') of Schweinfurt and a major industrial, cultur ...
and 25 km from
Würzburg
Würzburg (; Main-Franconian: ) is, after Nuremberg and Fürth, the Franconia#Towns and cities, third-largest city in Franconia located in the north of Bavaria. Würzburg is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. It sp ...
.
Constituent communities
Arnstein's ''
Stadtteile'' are:
History
Town rights were granted in 1333 by Emperor
Louis the Bavarian
Louis IV (; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called the Bavarian (, ), was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 until his death in 1347.
Louis' election as king of Germany in 1314 was cont ...
.
The former ''
Oberamt'' of the
Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
The Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg () was an Hochstift, ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire located in Lower Franconia, west of the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg. Würzburg had been a diocese since 743. As established by the Concord ...
was in Bavaria's favour
secularized
In sociology, secularization () is a multilayered concept that generally denotes "a transition from a religious to a more worldly level." There are many types of secularization and most do not lead to atheism or irreligion, nor are they automatica ...
and passed in 1805 to Grand Duke
Ferdinand of Tuscany to form the
Grand Duchy of Würzburg
The Grand Duchy of Würzburg () was a German grand duchy centered on Würzburg existing in the early 19th century.
History
As a consequence of the 1801 Treaty of Lunéville, the Bishopric of Würzburg was secularized in 1803 and granted to the ...
.
Population development
* 1961: 7943
* 1970: 8403
* 1987: 7640
* 1995: 8092
* 2005: 8345
* 2010: 8090
* 2015: 8161
Politics
Mayor
*1972-2002: Roland Metz (CSU)
*2002-2014: Linda Plappert-Metz (CSU)
*2014–2019: Anna Stolz (independent)
*2019–incumbent: Franz Josef Sauer (CSU)
Town partnerships
*
Cancale,
Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine (; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Ill-e-Vilaenn'', ) is a departments of France, department of France, located in the regions of France, region of Brittany (administrative region), Brittany in the northwest of the country. It is named a ...
,
Brittany
Brittany ( ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the north-west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica in Roman Gaul. It became an Kingdom of Brittany, independent kingdom and then a Duch ...
,
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
(since 7 September 1988)
*
Łubniany,
Opole County
__NOTOC__
Opole County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. ...
,
Opole Voivodeship
Opole Voivodeship ( , , ), is the smallest and least populated voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship (province) of Poland. The province's name derives from that of the region's capital and largest city, Opole. It is part of Silesia. A relatively lar ...
,
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
(since 22 May 1993)
Coat of arms
The town's
arms
Arms or ARMS may refer to:
*Arm or arms, the upper limbs of the body
Arm, Arms, or ARMS may also refer to:
People
* Ida A. T. Arms (1856–1931), American missionary-educator, temperance leader
Coat of arms or weapons
*Armaments or weapons
**Fi ...
might be described thus: Argent in base a mount of three vert, thereon an eagle reguardant wings expanded sable armed Or and langued gules.
The usual
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany, the country of the Germans and German things
**Germania (Roman era)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
word for eagle is ''Adler'', but the poetic word ''Aar'' also exists. The noun ''Aar'' can follow the weak declension, in which case the
genitive
In grammar, the genitive case ( abbreviated ) is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun. A genitive can ...
form is ''Aaren''. The “mount of three” (called a ''Dreiberg'' in German
heraldry
Heraldry is a discipline relating to the design, display and study of armorial bearings (known as armory), as well as related disciplines, such as vexillology, together with the study of ceremony, Imperial, royal and noble ranks, rank and genealo ...
), moreover, can be taken to be a stone (''Stein'' in German). This makes the arms
canting, as the town's name, Arnstein, can be taken to mean “Eagle’s Stone”, which is the image suggested by the
charge
Charge or charged may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Films
* ''Charge, Zero Emissions/Maximum Speed'', a 2011 documentary
Music
* ''Charge'' (David Ford album)
* ''Charge'' (Machel Montano album)
* '' Charge!!'', an album by The Aqu ...
s in the arms. The town's oldest known seal, from 1378, already showed this image, as have all Arnstein's seals and coats of arms since then, although the eagle has changed in size and shape over time. The
tincture
A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%.Groot Handboek Geneeskrachtige Planten by Geert Verhelst In chemistr ...
s are known to have been used since 1544.
Description of Arnstein’s coat of arms
/ref>
Culture and sightseeing
Buildings
*The Late Gothic parish and pilgrimage church of ''Maria Sondheim'' was already Arnstein's parish church at the time when Sondheim was founded. During the time when Arnstein was pledged to the Lords of Hutten, it served the noble family as a family gravesite.
*The Town Hall was built about 1550 on the site of an older, Gothic building, and in 1754 it was renovated. In 1945, it burnt down to the foundation, but after the War
War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organi ...
was built once again in its old form.
*The ''Pfründnerspital'' is an historic building built in 1555 at the behest of Moritz von Hutten.
*The ''Balleshaus'' was built in 1725 by the clothier Georg Roth and served for more than two hundred years as a residential house. The town acquired it from its last owners, the family Balles, and renovated it. Ever since, it has housed the town library
A library is a collection of Book, books, and possibly other Document, materials and Media (communication), media, that is accessible for use by its members and members of allied institutions. Libraries provide physical (hard copies) or electron ...
and archive
An archive is an accumulation of historical records or materials, in any medium, or the physical facility in which they are located.
Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organ ...
.
In Arnstein's new residential area has stood since the late 1990s a terraced housing development with 20 low-energy house
A low-energy house is characterized by an energy-efficient design and technical features which enable it to provide high living standards and comfort with low energy consumption and carbon emissions. Traditional heating and active cooling systems ...
s, the so-called ''Arnsteiner Sonnenhäuser'' (“Sunhouses”). Part of the energy supply comes from a solar collector area of more than 210 m2 through which water is heated and household heating is provided. Furthermore, 95% of the space heat can be recovered through a controlled ventilation system. By using rainwater to flush the toilets, choosing ecologically friendly building materials, forgoing a basement
A basement is any Storey, floor of a building that is not above the grade plane. Especially in residential buildings, it often is used as a utility space for a building, where such items as the Furnace (house heating), furnace, water heating, ...
and thus insulating the houses and taking other measures, further energy-saving and environmentally protective measures could be realized. The “Sunhouses” were built collaboratively by the 20 builders in the framework of the promotional programme for experimental home building, thereby reducing acquisition and planning costs.
Monuments
Not far outside Arnstein, on ''Bundesstraße
''Bundesstraße'' (, ), abbreviated ''B'', is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways.
Germany
Germany's ''Bundesstraßen'' network has a total length of about 40,000 km.
German ''Bundesstraßen'' are labelled with re ...
'' 26a going towards Schwebenried, stands the ''Schnittpunktdenkmal'', or “Crossing Point Monument”. It marks the spot where the 50th parallel of north latitude crosses the 10th meridian of east longitude: .
Economy and infrastructure
Solar park
In May 2005, the world's biggest solar park was built near Arnstein (Erlasee).
MIWE
The biggest employer in town for over 80 years has been the firm MIWE GmbH
(; ) is a type of Juridical person, legal entity in German-speaking countries. It is equivalent to a (Sàrl) in the Romandy, French-speaking region of Switzerland and to a (Sagl) in the Ticino, Italian-speaking region of Switzerland.
It is a ...
. At the main MIWE works in Arnstein today, roughly 400 workers manufacture industrial ovens, oven
upA double oven
A ceramic oven
An oven is a tool that is used to expose materials to a hot environment. Ovens contain a hollow chamber and provide a means of heating the chamber in a controlled way. In use since antiquity, they have been use ...
s for bakeries and bakery
A bakery is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based baked goods made in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, doughnuts, bagels, Pastry, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also categorized as Coffeehouse, cafés, servi ...
and cooling technology products.
Education
the following institutions existed in Arnstein:
*Michael-Ignaz-Schmitt-Realschule
Real school (, ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), F ...
*Primary school
A primary school (in Ireland, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, South Africa, and Singapore), elementary school, or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary ...
and Hauptschule
A ''Hauptschule'' (, "general school") is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (''Grundschule''), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification ...
*Kindergarten
Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
s
Recreation
*The ''Naturbadesee Arnstein'' (lake) lies right near the town. The bathing lake was laid out in the course of the ''kleine Gartenschau'' (“Little Garden Show”) in 1997. There are various sunbathing lawns, a raft, a beach volleyball
Beach volleyball is a team sport played by two teams of two to four players each on a sand court divided by a net. Similar to indoor volleyball, the objective of the game is to send the ball over the net and to ground it on the opponent's side o ...
court and a kiosk with a lakeside terrace. For children there is a playground
A playground, playpark, or play area is a place designed to provide an environment for children that facilitates play, typically outdoors. While a playground is usually designed for children, some are designed for other age groups, or people wi ...
with a “living willow” village (''Weidendorf'') and a nature playground.
*The ''Walderlebnispfad Arnstein'' (“Forest Adventure Path”) lies between Arnstein and Reuchelheim somewhat above the dale and is roughly 2.5 km long.
*The ''Gewässerlehrpfad Wern/Arnstein'' (“Bodies of Water Learning Path”) is about 1 km long.
*The ''Wernradweg'' (“Wern Cycle Path”) is a 78 km-long cycle path running from the Wern's source by way of Arnstein down to the river's outflow into the Main near Gemünden-Wernfeld.
Famous people
*Moritz von Hutten (1503–1552), Prince-Bishop
*Michael Ignaz Schmidt (1736–1794), historian
* Michael Siegel (1882–1979), lawyer
*Emil Greul (1895–1993), admiral's staff physician and the navy's last sanitation chief
*Fritz Burkhardt (1900–1983), graphic artist and painter
* Christian Wück (born 1973), Bundesliga footballer
A football player or footballer is a sportsperson who plays one of the different types of football. The main types of football are association football, American football, Canadian football, Australian rules football, Gaelic football, rugby lea ...
, 1980-1987 ''DJK Gänheim'' Youth
References
{{Authority control
Main-Spessart