Arnoldo de Winkelried Bertoni (December 28, 1878 – August 1973), also known as Arnaldo da Winkelried, was a

Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...

an zoologist born in

Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...

Biography

He was better known as Arnaldo de Winkelried, his name given in honor of the Swiss soldier

Arnold von Winkelried Arnold von Winkelried or Arnold Winkelried was a legendary hero of Swiss history. According to 16th-century Swiss historiography, Winkelried's sacrifice brought about the victory of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the Battle of Sempach (1386) over t ...

who died at the

Battle of Sempach The Battle of Sempach was fought on 9 July 1386, between Leopold III, Duke of Austria and the Old Swiss Confederacy. The battle was a decisive Swiss victory in which Duke Leopold and numerous Austrian nobles died. The victory helped turn the lo ...

in 1386. In 1887, he emigrated to Paraguay along with his family. He first began studying

zoology Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the anatomy, structure, embryology, Biological classification, classification, Ethology, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinction, extinct, and ...

with his father, the naturalist

Moisés Santiago Bertoni Mosè Giacomo Bertoni (1857–1929), known in Spanish language, Spanish as Moisés Santiago Bertoni, was an Languages of Switzerland, Italian-speaking Switzerland, Swiss-Paraguay, Paraguayan Natural history, naturalist, Botany, botanist and Anarc ...

in the neighborhood of Guillermo Tell, now called Puerto Bertoni in the

Alto Paraná Department The musical term alto, meaning "high" in Italian (Latin: '' altus''), historically refers to the contrapuntal part higher than the tenor and its associated vocal range. In four-part voice leading alto is the second-highest part, sung in chor ...

of Paraguay, along the

Paraná River The Paraná River ( ; ; ) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some ."Parana River". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. ...

. Between 1903 and 1906, he served as a professor of

zootechnics Zootechnics is the scientific art of managing domestic or captive animals, including handling, breeding, and keeping. Based on: genetics, reproduction (animal husbandry Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals ...

and zoology at the School of Agriculture and Model Farm, which was opened in 1897 with his father as its director. In 1917, he decided to leave Puerto Bertoni and together with his brother Guillermo Tell they travelled to

Asunción Asunción (, ) is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay. The city stands on the eastern bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the Pilcomayo River. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the north ...

where he began to work on his own scientific research, investigating the Paraguayan fauna, chiefly insects (

Eumeninae Potter wasps (or mason wasps), the Eumeninae, are a cosmopolitan wasp group currently considered a subfamily of Vespidae, but sometimes recognized in the past as a separate family, Eumenidae. Mud dauber wasps, which also build their nests with m ...

Polistinae The Polistinae is a subfamily of eusocial wasps belonging to the family Vespidae. They are closely related to the wasps (“yellowjackets” as they are called in North America) and true hornets of the subfamily Vespinae, containing four tribes ...

, Masarinae,

Sphecinae The Sphecinae is a subfamily of the digger wasp family Sphecidae. It contains the following genera: * '' Chilosphex'' Menke ''in'' R. Bohart and Menke, 1976 * '' Isodontia'' Patton, 1880 * '' Palmodes'' Kohl, 1890 * ''Prionyx ''Prionyx'' i ...

and

Trigonalidae Trigonalidae is a family of parasitic wasps in the suborder Apocrita. They are the only living members of the superfamily Trigonaloidea. Trigonalidae are divided into 2 subfamilies; Orthogonalinae and Trigonalinae. These wasps are extremely ra ...

), as well as vertebrates, especially birds. He also made contributions in paleontology and archaeology. From 1930 to 1940, he was a professor of zoology, zootechnics,

entomology Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...

, and

plant pathology Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease ...

at the Escuela Superior de Agricultura and at the Escuela Nacional de Agricultura Mariscal Estigarribia. He was a founding member of the Guaraní Academy of Science and Culture.

Publications

* * ''Vocabulario zoológico guaraní'' (Con etimología y nomenclatura técnica). 1910. * ''Contribución a la biología de las avispas y abejas del Paraguay (Hymenoptera)''. 1911. * ''Catálogo sistemático de los vertebrados del Paraguay''. 1912. * ''Fauna paraguaya: catálogos sistemáticos de los vertebrados del Paraguay: peces, batracios, reptiles, aves, y mamíferos conocidos hasta 1913''. Asunción: Establecimiento Gráfico M. Brossa, 1914. * ''Aves paraguayas poco conocidas''. 1925. * ''Notas biológicas y sistemáticas sobre algunos insectos útiles''. Asunción: Dirección de Agricultura y Defensa Agrícola, 1926. * ''Nueva forma de psitácidos del Paraguay''. 1927.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bertoni, Arnoldo de Winkelried 20th-century Swiss people Naturalized citizens of Paraguay 20th-century zoologists 1878 births 1973 deaths