Argynnini is a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...

butterflies Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight. The oldest butterfly fossi ...

in the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

Heliconiinae The Heliconiinae, commonly called heliconians or longwings, are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (family (biology), family Nymphalidae). They can be divided into 45–50 genera and were sometimes treated as a separate family Heliconi ...

, containing some of the fritillaries. This group has roughly 100

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

worldwide and roughly 30 in North America.

Systematics

This group has also been classified as

subtribe Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants). The first use of this word dates back to the late 19th century. An example of ...

Argynnina of the

Heliconiini Heliconiini is a tribe of butterflies in the subfamily Heliconiinae, also known as the passion-vine butterflies. This group has roughly 100 species and subspecies distributed primarily in the Neotropics.Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species ha ...

Genera

Following studies of molecular phylogeny, genus delimitation has been unstable in recent years. Several earlier

genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

are now

junior synonym In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. ...

s of ''

Argynnis ''Argynnis'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae, one of several groups known as "fritillaries". This genus has three subgenera: ''Argynnis'', ''Fabriciana'', and ''Speyeria''. The species of the subgenera ''Argynnis'' and ''Fabr ...

'' (''Argyreus'', ''Argyronome'', ''Damora'' and others, but ''

Speyeria ''Speyeria'', commonly known as greater fritillaries, is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae commonly found in North America, Europe, and Asia. Some authors used to consider this taxon a subgenus of '' Argynnis'', but it has been re ...

'' and '' Fabriciana'' have been split off again). Similarly, ''

Boloria ''Boloria'' is a brush-footed butterfly (Nymphalidae) genus. ''Clossiana'' is usually included with it nowadays, though some authors still consider it distinct and it seems to warrant recognition as a subgenus at least. Species Listed alphabetic ...

'' now includes ''Clossiana'' and ''Proclossiana'', and ''

Issoria ''Issoria'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae commonly found in the Palearctic realm, Africa, and South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, w ...

'' includes ''Kuekenthaliella''. * '' Euptoieta'' Doubleday, 1848 * ''

Pardopsis ''Pardopsis'' is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Nymphalidae. Its only species is ''Pardopsis punctatissima'', the polka dot. It is found in the fynbos of South Africa, in lowland and Afromontane forest, and grassland from Van Stadens ...

'' Trimen, 1887 (uncertain placement, possibly in

Acraeini The Acraeini are a tribe (biology), tribe of butterflies of the subfamily Heliconiinae in the family Nymphalidae. Genera The recognized genera are: Tree of Life * ''Abananote'' Potts, 1943 * ''Acraea (genus), Acraea'' Fabricius, 1807 – acr ...

, although more recent analysis places the genus in Argynnini) * '' Yramea'' Reuss, 1920 * ''

'' Moore, 1900 (now including ''Clossiana'' and ''Proclossiana'') * ''

'' Hübner, 1819 * ''

Brenthis ''Brenthis'' is a butterfly genus of the family Nymphalidae. Species ReferencesBioLib.cz Argynnis ''Argynnis'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae, one of several groups known as "fritillaries". This genus has three subgenera: ''Argynnis'', ''Fabriciana'', and ''Speyeria''. The species of the subgenera ''Argynnis'' and ''Fabr ...

'' Fabricius, 1807 * ''

'' Scudder, 1872 (previously included in ''Argynnis'') * '' Fabriciana'' Reuss, 1920 (previously included in ''Argynnis'')

References

* Butterfly tribes Taxa named by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel {{Heliconiinae-stub