ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of the
ADP ribosylation factor
ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs) are members of the ARF family of GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. ARF family proteins are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells, and six highly conserved members of the family have been identified in mam ...
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
of
GTP-binding proteins. ARF6 has a variety of cellular functions that are frequently involved in trafficking of
biological membrane
A biological membrane, biomembrane or cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the external environment or creates intracellular compartments by serving as a boundary between one part of the ...
s and
transmembrane protein
A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane. Many transmembrane proteins function as gateways to permit the transport of specific substances across the membrane. They frequentl ...
cargo. ARF6 has specifically been implicated in
endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested material. E ...
of
plasma membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane (PM) or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment (t ...
proteins and also, to a lesser extent, plasma membrane protein recycling.
Function
This gene encodes a member of the human ARF gene family, which is part of the
Ras superfamily
The Ras superfamily, derived from "Rat sarcoma virus", is a protein superfamily of small GTPases. Members of the superfamily are divided into families and subfamilies based on their structure, sequence and function. The five main families are R ...
. The ARF genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The product of this gene is localized to the plasma membrane, and regulates vesicular trafficking, remodelling of membrane lipids, and signaling pathways that lead to actin remodeling. A
pseudogene
Pseudogenes are nonfunctional segments of DNA that resemble functional genes. Most arise as superfluous copies of functional genes, either directly by DNA duplication or indirectly by reverse transcription of an mRNA transcript. Pseudogenes are ...
of this gene is located on chromosome 7.
ARF6 can interact with β
arrestin upon
receptor activation.
Interactions
ARF6 has been shown to
interact with:
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ARRB1
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ARFIP2
Arfaptin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARFIP2'' gene.
Interactions
ARFIP2 has been shown to interact with Arf6, ARF3
ADP-ribosylation factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARF3'' gene.
Function
AD ...
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CHRM3
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, also known as cholinergic/acetylcholine receptor M3, or the muscarinic 3, is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor encoded by the human gene CHRM3.
The M3 muscarinic receptors are located at many places in t ...
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EXOC5
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KIAA0090
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Rac1
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{GTPases
Human proteins
Genes on human chromosome 14