Ar Rass (other)
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Rass (also spelled Ar Rass, or Al-Ras; ) is a Saudi Arabian City, located in
Al-Qassim Province The Qassim Province ( ' , Najdi Arabic: ), also known as the Qassim Region, is one of the 13 provinces of Saudi Arabia. Located at the heart of the country near the geographic center of the Arabian Peninsula, it has a population of 1,336,179 and ...
. It lies southwest of
Buraidah Buraydah or Buraidah (Arabic: بريدة) is the capital and largest city of Al-Qassim Province in north-central Saudi Arabia. Renowned as the agricultural capital of Saudi Arabia and often referred to as the food basket of the Kingdom, the cit ...
, the capital of the province and north of
Riyadh Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of the Riyadh Province and the centre of the Riyadh Governorate. Located on the eastern bank of Wadi Hanifa, the current form of the metropolis largely emerged in th ...
, the national capital. Rass is the largest city in Al-Qassim province by area and third largest by population. Rass is
Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...
for "an old well", and it was mentioned in a poem of Hassan Bin Thabit, the poet who was a companion (
Sahaba The Companions of the Prophet () were the Muslim disciples and followers of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime. The companions played a major role in Muslim battles, society, hadith narration, and governance ...
) of the Islamic prophet,
Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...
. The city is ruled by the Al Assaf family. It has 19 official sub-governorates, and is surrounded by around two hundred villages, and
Bedouin The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu ( ; , singular ) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq). The Bedouin originated in the Sy ...
settlements, mainly on its southern and western sides. and al-Rass is a historical city that was a resource for the Arab tribes in the peninsula, and most of
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
, especially Qassim, was inhabited by the tribes of Bani Asad, which were left to be replaced by other tribes. He was the first to inhabit the Al-Rass after the Asadites, the Banu Tamim, who moved to it from Ashikar, and the Banu Lam and their most tribes followed them, the Dhafir tribe and Al-Fadoul tribe, along with the Al Katheer and Al Mughayra family.


Location

{{rewrite section, date=June 2025 Ibn Manzur (Lisan al-Arab 6/98) says: (Al-Ras and Al-Risse are two valleys in Najd or two places, and it was said: They are two well-known waters in the Arab countries, and Al-Rass is the name of a valley in the words of Zuhair bin Abi Salma: They gave birth to a firstborn, and took their souls with magicians ... for they and Wadi Al-Rass are like hands in the mouth And Yaqut al-Hamwi (Mu'jam al-Buldan 3/43) says al-Rass and al-Rassis ... and religions are in Najd or two places This was mentioned by Ibn Bleehed (Sahih al-Akhbar 4/226). And Al-Asma'i said: The Ras Lubna is faint of Rahat Hammas. Ibn al-Saket says: Rass is a valley near Aqil, with palm trees in it. Perhaps he was talking about it in his time, as it was in Jahiliyyah. Al-Rass was water that was brought back by the donkeys of the beast and its cows, and from that it became clear that Al-Rass was an ancient city that during the era of the Jahiliyyah was a source of water for the tribes, then when Islam came, it entered construction like others, since Ibn al-Skeet lived in the third century AH, no doubt That he transmitted his words from others who presented him. As mentioned in the Saudi City Atlas, the total area of Al-Rass Governorate is estimated in hectares in 1407 AH (700050) hectares, equivalent to (70000,500) square kilometers. At the present time, and after the governorate expanded thanks to the urban renaissance and the large number of migrations coming from the neighboring villages and desertions, the length of the governorate reached about 12 kilometers by 10 kilometers (120 square kilometers).


Geography

Rass has a typical Nejdi terrain, with
sand dunes A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand. It typically takes the form of a mound, ridge, or hill. An area with dunes is called a dune system or a dune complex. A large dune complex is called a dune field, while broad, flat ...
surrounding the town's sides, except for the western and southern sides, which are occupied by Bedouin settlements. The
Wadi al-Rummah Wadi al-Rummah or ar-Rummah () is one of the Arabian Peninsula's longest river valleys, at a length of almost . Now mostly dry and partly blocked by encroaching sand dunes, the wadi rises near Medina at Jibāl al Abyaḑ (the White Mountain). It ...
(Rumma Valley) crosses the city from its southern side to its north-eastern side. There are several medium-height plateaus, and low-height
mountains A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher ...
surrounding the town, mainly on the southern side, which are called "Jebel Algoshie" by locals. There are several old ruins of a place by the name of "Shinanah". These were old fortifications used in battles between Al-Saud and Al-Rashid


Climate

The town of Rass has a typical
desert climate The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification ''BWh'' and ''BWk'') is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert ...
, known for its cold winters and hot and aneroid summers, with low humidity. The average temperature during winter is between -3° and 21°C. June, July, August, and September are the hottest months. In summers the degree could reach extreme levels (between 39° and 50°).


Sport

The city's main clubs are Al-Hazem and Al-Kholood, both representing it in football.


Foundation

After the
Arab tribes The tribes of Arabia () have inhabited the Arabian Peninsula for thousands of years and traditionally trace their ancestry to one of two forefathers: Adnan, whose descendants originate from West Arabia, North Arabia, East Arabia, and Central A ...
left
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
, among them the tribes of Bani Asad that inhabited the greater part of Qassim, other tribes took their place, and it was one of the
Arab tribes The tribes of Arabia () have inhabited the Arabian Peninsula for thousands of years and traditionally trace their ancestry to one of two forefathers: Adnan, whose descendants originate from West Arabia, North Arabia, East Arabia, and Central A ...
that settled in
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
and the tribes of
Bani Tamim The Banū Tamīm () are an Arab tribe that originated in Najd and Hejaz in the Arabian Peninsula. It is mainly present in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Jordan and Lebanon, and has a strong presence in Algeria, and Morocco, Palestine, ...
or Hamidan were famous and those who moved from Ashikar to Al-Rass for work and trade as they served the province in the past And to our present time, as well as the Bani Lam, who have gained influence and dominance over most of the countries of
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
, and one of the most famous tribes of Bani Lam was the Zafir tribe. The people who lived in Alya,
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
and their outskirts,
Al-Qassim The Qassim Province ( ' , Najdi Arabic: ), also known as the Qassim Region, is one of the 13 provinces of Saudi Arabia. Located at the heart of the country near the geographic center of the Arabian Peninsula, it has a population of 1,336,179 and ...
, the tribes of curiosity, and the many families of Al Mughira. In the tenth century onwards, these valleys descended from
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
to
Iraq Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and ...
and were replaced by the Anza tribes, which had their money from abundance and power and influence for a long time. And he builds some houses when he gets tired of the life of the
desert A desert is a landscape where little precipitation occurs and, consequently, living conditions create unique biomes and ecosystems. The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to denudation. About one-third of the la ...
, and another part works in agriculture and grows the land, and it happened between the Anza tribes and the Dafir tribes for a number of days and in the middle of the tenth century. From the migration, where the maid came to life again, after years and a long time. And groups of Arabs began to return to him with the intention of settling, as they established dwellings of mud in it, which soon formed a small village, and that was about the year 950 AH after they left the town of Ishaqir, one of the villages of al-Tashm, which was at that time one of the major lands of
Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...
, as was mentioned in the words of the
Sheikh Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyūkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder (administrative title), elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim ulama, scholar. Though this title generally refers to me ...
. Historian Ibrahim bin Saleh bin Isa, who said: (The well-known family of Saqiyyah left the country of Ashqir in the year approximately nine hundred and fifty and went to
Al-Qassim The Qassim Province ( ' , Najdi Arabic: ), also known as the Qassim Region, is one of the 13 provinces of Saudi Arabia. Located at the heart of the country near the geographic center of the Arabian Peninsula, it has a population of 1,336,179 and ...
, and they settled in Al-Rass, and it was in ruins without housing. They lived in it and extended it to agriculture ... etc.) and they built their homes, and their commercial contacts were in the town of Onaizah, which was in that era a source for spending their needs and household needs, which made them get acquainted with one of its settlers who used to do trade and he was called Abu Al-Hussain, whose name is Muhammad bin Ali from the Mahfouz family of Ajman Those who belong to Mukhir bin Yam from Hamadan al-Qahtani, and the friendship between him and the Saki family became stronger and they exchanged visits.


References

Rass Rass or RASS may refer to: Places * Ar Rass a city in central Saudi Arabia * Rass, Bareq, a neighborhood in southwestern Saudi Arabia :''See also Ar Rass (disambiguation) and Ras (disambiguation)#Places for similarly named places'' People * R ...