Aquametry, in
analytical chemistry
Analytical skill, Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods to Separation process, separate, identify, and Quantification (science), quantify matter. In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute t ...
, is the use of analytical processes to measure the water present in materials.
The methods widely used in aquametry encompasses
Karl Fischer titration
In analytical chemistry, Karl Fischer titration is a classic titration method that uses coulometric or volumetric titration to determine trace amounts of water in a sample. It was invented in 1935 by the German chemist Karl Fischer. Today, the ...
,
distillation
Distillation, also classical distillation, is the process of separating the component substances of a liquid mixture of two or more chemically discrete substances; the separation process is realized by way of the selective boiling of the mixt ...
,
chromatography
In chemical analysis, chromatography is a laboratory technique for the Separation process, separation of a mixture into its components. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid solvent (gas or liquid) called the ''mobile phase'', which carries it ...
,
infrared spectroscopy
Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) is the measurement of the interaction of infrared radiation with matter by absorption, emission, or reflection. It is used to study and identify chemical substances or functio ...
, and
gravimetric analysis
Gravimetric analysis describes a set of methods used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of an analyte (the ion being analyzed) based on its mass. The principle of this type of analysis is that once an ion's mass has been ...
.
Applications
Pharmaceuticals
Aquametry ensures stability of hygroscopic drugs and vaccines. The
FDA mandates moisture control in tablet production to prevent degradation.
Food Industry
Moisture content affects shelf life and texture. For example, baked goods require precise aquametry to avoid microbial growth.
Construction
ASTM standards specify aquametric testing for concrete curing and wood moisture levels to prevent structural failures.
See Also
*
Hygroscopy
*
Analytical chemistry
Analytical skill, Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods to Separation process, separate, identify, and Quantification (science), quantify matter. In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute t ...
*
Quality control
Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements".
This approach plac ...
External Links
ASTM International Standards
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
References
Analytical chemistry
{{analytical-chem-stub