The Applied Research in Patacriticism (ARP) was a

digital humanities Digital humanities (DH) is an area of scholarly activity at the intersection of computing or Information technology, digital technologies and the disciplines of the humanities. It includes the systematic use of digital resources in the humanitie ...

lab based at the

University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson and contains his The Lawn, Academical Village, a World H ...

founded and run by

Jerome McGann Jerome John McGann (born July 22, 1937) is an American academic and textual scholar whose work focuses on the history of literature and culture from the late eighteenth century to the present. Career Educated at Le Moyne College ( B.S. 1959), S ...

and

Johanna Drucker Johanna Drucker (born May 30, 1952) is an American author, book artist, visual theorist, and cultural critic. Her scholarly writing documents and critiques visual language: letterforms, typography, visual poetry, art, and lately, digital art a ...

. ARP's

open-source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use and view the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open source model is a decentrali ...

tools include Juxta, IVANHOE, and Collex. Collex is the

social software Social software, also known as social apps or social platform includes communications and interactive tools that are often based on the Internet. Communication tools typically handle capturing, storing and presenting communication, usually writt ...

and faceted browsing backbone of the NINES federation. ARP was funded by the

Mellon Foundation The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, commonly known as the Mellon Foundation, is a New York City-based private foundation with wealth accumulated by Andrew Mellon of the Mellon family of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is the product of the 1969 merger ...

Projects

IVANHOE

IVANHOE is an

open source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use and view the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open source model is a decentrali ...

electronic

role-playing game A role-playing game (sometimes spelled roleplaying game, or abbreviated as RPG) is a game in which players assume the roles of player character, characters in a fictional Setting (narrative), setting. Players take responsibility for acting out ...

for educational use. It was developed by ARP at the

. It is so named because

Sir Walter Scott Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (15 August 1771 – 21 September 1832), was a Scottish novelist, poet and historian. Many of his works remain classics of European literature, European and Scottish literature, notably the novels ''Ivanhoe'' (18 ...

's novel, ''

Ivanhoe ''Ivanhoe: A Romance'' ( ) by Walter Scott is a historical novel published in three volumes, in December 1819, as one of the Waverley novels. It marked a shift away from Scott's prior practice of setting stories in Scotland and in the more ...

'', was used as the source text for the very first IVANHOE game. IVANHOE is notable as an example of the use of ludic or game-related techniques in higher education in the humanities.

NINES

NINES is the Networked Infrastructure for Nineteenth-century Electronic Scholarship, a scholarly organization in British and American nineteenth-century studies supported by ARP, a software development group assembling a suite of critical and editorial tools for digital scholarship. It was founded in 2003 by

at the

. NINES serves as a clearinghouse for

peer-reviewed Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work ( peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review ...

digital resources, which can be collected, annotated, and re-used in online "exhibits." It is powered by

Collex The Applied Research in Patacriticism (ARP) was a digital humanities lab based at the University of Virginia founded and run by Jerome McGann and Johanna Drucker. ARP's open-source tools include Juxta, IVANHOE, and Collex. Collex is the social s ...

software. In 2011, the NINES model was expanded to include a sister site in eighteenth-century studies, called 18thConnect.

Collex

Collex is an

and faceted browsing tool designed for

. It includes

folksonomy Folksonomy is a classification system in which end users apply public tags to online items, typically to make those items easier for themselves or others to find later. Over time, this can give rise to a classification system based on those tag ...

features and is under construction at ARP. The first release of Collex is used in the NINES initiative, but it is
generalizable tool
that can be applied to other subject domains. Collex is an early example of a scholar-driven

Library 2.0 Library 2.0 is a proposed concept for library services that facilitate user contributions and other features of Web 2.0, which includes online services such as OPAC systems. The term "Library 2.0" was coined by Michael Casey in 2006 on his blog ' ...

initiative and, like NINES, was conceived as a response to economic problems in

tenure Tenure is a type of academic appointment that protects its holder from being fired or laid off except for cause, or under extraordinary circumstances such as financial exigency or program discontinuation. Academic tenure originated in the United ...

and

academic publishing Academic publishing is the subfield of publishing which distributes Research, academic research and scholarship. Most academic work is published in academic journal articles, books or Thesis, theses. The part of academic written output that is n ...

.Bethany Nowviskie, Collex: Semantic Collections and Exhibits for the Remixable Web
/ref>

Juxta

Juxta is an

tool for performing bibliographical collations for scholarly use in

textual criticism Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts (mss) or of printed books. Such texts may rang ...

. It was developed by ARP at the

under the direction of textual theorist

. The original application was a Java-based clien
available for free download
In October 2012, the Research and Development team at NINES release
Juxta Commons
a fully online version of the software.

References

Selected bibliography

Texts in N-Dimensions and Interpretation in a New Key, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)
*

Designing Ivanhoe, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)
* Chandler Sansing
Case Study and Appeal: Building the Ivanhoe Game for Classroom Flexibility, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)
* Bethany Nowviskie
Subjectivity in the Ivanhoe Game:Visual and Computational Strategies, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)

Juxta software website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arp (Laboratory) University of Virginia Textual scholarship