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Apoyeque is a
Apoyeque is a volcanic complex that formed and occupies the Chiltepe Peninsula. It is part of the Chiltepe pyroclastic shield volcano, one of three ignimbrite shields on the Nicaraguan volcanic front.
The lake at its center, Apoyeque lake ( Spanish: ''Laguna de Apoyeque'', also called ''Laguna de Apoyaque'',), its shore 100 meters below the peak of the caldera, at its bottom reaches down to sea level.
Apoyeque, as well as the entire Chiltepe peninsula are part of the Managua administrative region, in close proximity to city of Managua, Nicaragua's capital.
Immediately southeast of Apoyeque peak is the 2.5 × 3 kilometer-wide lake-filled Xiloá (Jiloá)
pyroclastic shield
In volcanology, a pyroclastic shield or ignimbrite shield is an uncommon type of shield volcano. Unlike most shield volcanoes, pyroclastic shields are formed mostly of pyroclastic and highly explosive eruptions rather than relatively fluid basalti ...
, located in the Chiltepe Peninsula Natural Reserve
Chiltepe Peninsula Natural Reserve ( Spanish: ''Reserva Natural Península de Chiltepe'') is a nature reserve in Nicaragua. It is one of the 78 reserves which are officially under protection in the country.
Located on the south shore of Lake Mana ...
in Nicaragua. It has a 2.8-km wide, 400-m-deep, lake-filled caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcano eruption. When large volumes of magma are erupted over a short time, structural support for the rock above the magma chamber is ...
.
Geography
Apoyeque is a volcanic complex that formed and occupies the Chiltepe Peninsula. It is part of the Chiltepe pyroclastic shield volcano, one of three ignimbrite shields on the Nicaraguan volcanic front.
The lake at its center, Apoyeque lake ( Spanish: ''Laguna de Apoyeque'', also called ''Laguna de Apoyaque'',), its shore 100 meters below the peak of the caldera, at its bottom reaches down to sea level.
Apoyeque, as well as the entire Chiltepe peninsula are part of the Managua administrative region, in close proximity to city of Managua, Nicaragua's capital.
Immediately southeast of Apoyeque peak is the 2.5 × 3 kilometer-wide lake-filled Xiloá (Jiloá) maar
A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma). A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow ...
, a part of the Apoyeque complex.
Volcanology
The last eruption of Apoyeque, in about 50 BC (+/- 100 years), was one of the largest explosions known in history, and it had a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 6. In addition to the Chiltepe dome (volcán Chiltepe), which is used synonymously with Apoyeque, the Apoyeque complex contains the Jiloa caldera (Laguna de Jiloa aka Xiloá), the Miraflores dome and the Cerro Talpetate dome. An eruption of Laguna Xiloá 6100 years ago produced pumiceous pyroclastic flows that overlay similar deposits of similar age from Masaya. Apoyeque has been identified as a particular dangerous volcano, due to its history of major eruptions separated by 2000 years, proximity to Managua, and the risks of generating lake tsunamis.See also
* List of volcanoes in NicaraguaReferences
{{Central American volcanoes Pyroclastic shields Shield volcanoes of Nicaragua Volcanic crater lakes Calderas of Central America Inactive volcanoes VEI-6 volcanoes