The Apollo 17 lunar sample display consists of a

Moon rock Moon rock or lunar rock is rock originating from Earth's Moon. This includes lunar material collected during the course of human exploration of the Moon, and rock that has been ejected naturally from the Moon's surface and landed on Earth as ...

fragment from a lava Moon stone identified as

lunar basalt 70017 The Lunar basalt 70017 is a Moon rock gathered in 1972 by astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt on the Apollo 17 mission near their Apollo Lunar Module and then divided into smaller pieces on Earth. History Lunar basalt 70017 is ...

, the recipient's flag and two small metal plates attached with descriptive messages. A goodwill gift from the

Apollo 17 Apollo 17 (December 7–19, 1972) was the final mission of NASA's Apollo program, the most recent time humans have set foot on the Moon or traveled beyond low Earth orbit. Commander Gene Cernan and Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt walked on ...

mission was then given in the form of a wooden

commemorative plaque A commemorative plaque, or simply plaque, or in other places referred to as a historical marker, historic marker, or historic plaque, is a plate of metal, ceramic, stone, wood, or other material, typically attached to a wall, stone, or other ...

display individually to all fifty states, five U.S. territories, and 135 nations worldwide.

History

Eugene Cernan ended his walk on the Moon in 1972 with a dedication to the young people of Earth. The theme of his speech from the Moon was the wish for peace and harmony among the people of the world. He explained that Harrison Schmitt, his fellow astronaut on the Moon with him, had just picked up a ''very significant'' Moon rock that they hoped would bring this worldwide peace through the distribution of its fragments. This basalt was later identified as lunar basalt 70017, dubbed the "goodwill rock". Once brought back, this Moon rock was broken up into small fragments and distributed in 1973 by President Richard Nixon to all the countries of the world and to the United States with its territories as a goodwill gesture.''Earth'' magazine, March 2011, pp. 42-51

Description

The goodwill Moon rock fragment of 1.14 grams was placed inside a solid piece of acrylic lucite, the Moon rock being embedded inside the Lucite material when it was molten. The clear plastic ball was about the size of a billiard ball and partially flat at the bottom. It was then mounted and glued onto a 10 inch by 14 inch wooden plaque. The next item directly below the Lucite ball was attached a metal plate of about 2 inches by 4 inches that read: The recipient's flag of about 4 inches by 6 inches (precisely 10.16 cm x 15.24 cm) was mounted directly below this metal plate covered with a clear plastic cover. Another metal descriptive plate was attached directly below the recipient's flag that read: If the wooded display went to a country of the world instead of one of the states of the United States then the word "state" was replaced with "nation" or "kingdom". The Apollo 17 wooden plaque displays with the goodwill Moon rocks were presented to all the states of the United States and all the countries of the world on March 21, 1973. President Nixon sent a letter on that date that accompanied the lunar sample displays to all the worldwide countries and all the states of the United States and its possessions. National Archives in Washington D.C. has a copy of this letter:

Ownership

Once the display with the Moon rock fragment and small flag was given as a gift to each of the recipients, these lunar sample displays became the property of the recipient that received it. NASA no longer gives away any Moon material and tracks all Moon soil material and Moon rocks, with the Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 display gifts being the only exceptions. NASA does keep meticulous records on all other lunar samples worldwide and no longer gives gifts of Moon specimens. The Apollo 17 Moon rock fragment samples then come under the public gifts laws of the nation or state that received the display. In the case of each state of the United States public gifts cannot be legally transferred to individual ownership unless certain additional legislation allows it. File:ADAH moon rock.jpg, File:Georgia Apollo 17 display.jpg, File:Massachusetts Apollo XVII display.jpg, File:British Apollo 17 Goodwill Moon Rock.JPG, File:Apollo 17 display 71.2003.061.jpg, File:New Hampshire Apollo 17 Moon Rock.jpg, File:To the Moon and Back.jpg, File:Arizona's Apollo 17 Goodwill Display.jpg, File:Colorado Apollo 17 Display.jpg, File:Rhode Island Apollo 17 Goodwill moon rock, 1972.jpg, Rhode Island display File:Tennessee Apollo XVII Display.png, File:Apollo 17 månsten.jpg,

Countries

The recipients were 135 foreign countries, the 50 United States and its territories, and the United Nations. The nation or state that received the Moon rock also had its flag taken to the Moon and back by the crew of Apollo 17. This flag was also mounted on the commemorative plaque display with a message label below it saying it was a gift to the recipient. The countries during Nixon's presidency that the plaques were given to were Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Chad, Chile, Colombia, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Kinshasa), Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Dahomey, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique (in that time an overseas province of Portugal), Muscat and Oman, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, People’s Republic of China, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of China, Romania, Rwanda, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands (in that time a British overseas possession), Somalia, South Africa, Southern Yemen, Soviet Union, Spain, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Upper Volta, Uruguay, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, and Zambia.

Fate

Once the goodwill display with the Moon material was given, NASA offered no counseling or recommendations on how the caretaker or curator was to handle the Moon rocks. Their fate was in the hands of the recipient, which in many cases was not well managed. NASA did not give away as gifts any other Moon rock displays other than what was presented of the Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 Moon rock displays. Certain samples of

and lunar dust soil from the Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 missions, mounted on the wooden plaque displays especially for Brazil, Canada, Cyprus,

Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...

, Ireland, Malta, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Romania, Spain,

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico,

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

, North Carolina, Oregon, West Virginia were later reported missing by many of the recipients. Since 2005 certain entities and key people have made concerted efforts to find the current locations of all the Apollo lunar sample displays with the goodwill Moon rocks. One such person is Joseph Gutheinz (former NASA Office of Inspector General special agent for 10 years), who was a professor at the University of Phoenix in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. Gutheinz even went to the extreme of having his hundreds of students try to locate all these displays. Another space history expert tracking the goodwill lunar displays is Robert Pearlman, founder and editor of collectSPACE, a website devoted to space-related artifacts and memorabilia.

References

External links

Kentucky's Goodwill Moon rock display in the Kentucky Historical Society's objects catalog

Partial list of Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17 sample locations, NASA Johnson Space Center
{{The Moon Display Apollo program lunar sample displays Lunar samples Foreign relations of the United States Gene Cernan Harrison Schmitt Basalt