The Apaturinae are a
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
of
butterflies
Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight. The oldest butterfly fossi ...
that includes many
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
commonly called emperors.
Description
Strikingly-coloured, with cryptic underwing. A distinguishing character of the subfamily is the green
proboscis
A proboscis () is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular arthropod mouthparts, mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a pr ...
.
Agathina emperor (Doxocopa agathina agathina).jpg, ''Doxocopa agathina'' with green proboscis
Genera
Apaturinae consists of 20 genera and shows separate distributions and uncommon host–plant associations. Most genera of this subfamily are found throughout South-East Asia and Africa, whereas the genera ''Doxocopa'' and ''Asterocampa'' are spread mainly in South America and North America.
[Ohshima, I., Tanikawa-Dodo, Y., Saigusa, T., Nishiyama, T., Kitani, M., Hasebe, M., & Mohri, H. (2010). Phylogeny, biogeography, and host–plant association in the subfamily Apaturinae (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) inferred from eight nuclear and seven mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 57(3), 1026-1036. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.09.018]
*''
Apatura''
*''
Apaturina''
*''
Apaturopsis''
*''
Asterocampa''
*''
Chitoria''
*''
Dilipa''
*''
Doxocopa''
*''
Euapatura''
*''
Eulaceura''
*''
Euripus''
*''
Helcyra''
*''
Herona''
*''
Hestina''
*''
Hestinalis''
*''
Mimathyma''
*''
Rohana''
*''
Sasakia''
*''
Sephisa''
*''
Thaleropis''
*''
Timelaea''
References
External links
Checklist Nearctic NymphalidaeList of North American species with images.
Images. In Japanese but with
binomial name
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, altho ...
s.
-
Butterfly subfamilies
Taxa described in 1840
Taxa named by Jean Baptiste Boisduval
{{Apaturinae-stub