Apatelodidae, the American silkworm moths, is a

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

insect Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs ...

s in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of ...

Lepidoptera. They are a family within the

superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

Bombycoidea Bombycoidea is a superfamily of moths. It contains the silk moths, emperor moths, sphinx moths The Sphingidae are a family of moths ( Lepidoptera) called sphinx moths, also colloquially known as hawk moths, with many of their caterpillars ...

, though they have in the past been considered a subfamily of

Bombycidae The Bombycidae are a family of moths. The best-known species is '' Bombyx mori'' (Linnaeus) or silkworm, native to northern China and domesticated for millennia. Another well-known species is '' Bombyx mandarina'', also native to Asia. Taxonomy ...

Distribution

Species are exclusively found in the New World, with the highest diversity in the

Neotropical realm The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

Diversity

Apatelodidae is undergoing taxonomic and phylogenetic revision, as a result of which the exact numbers of genera and species included have been subject to frequent change. "A global checklist of the Bombycoidea" (Kitching et al. 2018) lists twelve genera and 182 species for the family. Not included in the checklist are taxonomic changes that occurred shortly before, or since, publication. Some examples of such changes are the addition of genera ''

Arotros ''Arotros'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae, first described by William Schaus in 1892, formerly classified in Bombycidae. The genus was considered monotypic, with the Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative ...

'' (transferred from

in 2019) and '' Asocia'' (newly described in 2021) to Apatelodidae, the synonymization of ''Apatelodes florisa'' to ''

Apatelodes schreiteri ''Apatelodes schreiteri'' is a moth in the family Apatelodidae. It is found in Argentina and Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from t ...

'', or the description of several new species such as ''

Apatelodes navarroi ''Apatelodes'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae first described by Packard in 1864. Species * ''Apatelodes adrastia'' Druce, 1887 * '' Apatelodes albipunctata'' Druce, 1898 * '' Apatelodes amaryllis'' Dyar, 1907 * '' Apatelodes an ...

'', ''

Pantelodes camacana ''Pantelodes'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae. It was first described by Daniel Herbin in 2017, containing at the time nine species: ''Pantelodes satellitia'' (transferred from ''Apatelodes'') and eight newly described species pre ...

'', and seven new species of ''Arotros''.

Taxonomy

Apatelodidae has historically been placed as subfamily Apatelodinae within the

, alongside Phiditiinae and Epiinae. Recent revisions of the taxonomy of

have seen both Apatelodidae and Phiditiidae elevated to separate families within the superfamily, while Epiinae remains a subfamily of Bombycidae. During those taxonomical revisions, several genera formerly placed in Apatelodinae—such as ''

Anticla ''Anticla'' is a genus of moths of the Bombycidae family. Species * ''Anticla antica'' Walker, 1855 * ''Anticla flavaria'' Cramer, 1781 * ''Anticla limosa'' Schaus, 1892 * ''Anticla ortygia'' Druce, 1887 * ''Anticla rutila'' (Druce, 1887) * ''An ...

'' and ''

Quentalia ''Quentalia'' is a genus of moths of the family Bombycidae first described by William Schaus in 1929. It has at times been placed in the family Apatelodidae, but recent research indicates the subfamily Epiinae, to which ''Quentalia'' belongs, is ...

''—were transferred to Epiinae.

Genera

The list below follows the 2018 Global Checklist of Bombycoidea of Kitching et al, with exception of changes since, in which case an additional reference is given. *''

Apatelodes ''Apatelodes'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae first described by Packard in 1864. Species * ''Apatelodes adrastia'' Druce, 1887 * '' Apatelodes albipunctata'' Druce, 1898 * '' Apatelodes amaryllis'' Dyar, 1907 * '' Apatelodes an ...

'' Packard, 1864 *''

'' Schaus, 1892 *'' Asocia'' Herbin, 2021 *''

Carnotena ''Carnotena'' is a genus of moths of the Apatelodidae family. It contains the single species ''Carnotena xanthiata'', which is found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the larg ...

'' Walker, 1865 *'' Drepatelodes'' Draudt, 1929 *''

Ephoria ''Ephoria'' is a genus of moths of the Apatelodidae family. It was previously known as ''Colabata'', as a result of Herrich-Schäffer's ''Synopsis familiarum Lepidopterorum''—in which ''Ephoria'' was introduced—having been published twice. Th ...

'' Herring-Schäffer, 1855 *'' Epiopsis'' Piñas Rubio, 2008 *''

Falcatelodes ''Falcatelodes'' is a monotypic genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae. It was erected by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt in 1929, and contains a single species, ''Falcatelodes anava'', which was first described by Herbert Druce in 1890 (as ''Apatelod ...

'' Draudt, 1929 *''

Olceclostera ''Olceclostera'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae. Species According to Kitching et al. 2018, the genus includes the following species: * ''Olceclostera amelda'' Dyar, 1915 * '' Olceclostera amoria'' Druce, 1890 * ''Olceclostera a ...

'' Butler, 1878 *''

Pantelodes ''Pantelodes'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae. It was first described by Daniel Herbin in 2017, containing at the time nine species: ''Pantelodes satellitia'' (transferred from ''Apatelodes'') and eight newly described species pre ...

'' Herbin, 2017 *''

Prothysana ''Prothysana'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae. It contains two species, whose larvae are known as shag-carpet caterpillars. They are found from Mexico, south to Panama and into South America, at least to Ecuador. Taxonomy Vitor O ...

'' Walker, 1855 *''

Thelosia ''Thelosia'' is a genus of moths of the Apatelodidae family. It was first described in 1896 by William Schaus William Schaus (January 11, 1858 in New York City – June 20, 1942) was an American entomologist who became known for his major cont ...

'' Schaus, 1896 *''

Thyrioclostera ''Thyrioclostera'' is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae which was erected in 1929 by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt. It is monotypic, having a single species, ''Thyrioclostera trespuntada'' originally described as ''Callopistria trespuntada'' ...

'' Draudt, 1929 *''

Zanola ''Zanola'' is a genus of moths in the family Apatelodidae. Species Kitching et al. 2018 lists the following species for the genus: * ''Zanola aegina'' (Stoll, 1782) * ''Zanola elongata'' Schaus, 1910 * ''Zanola fieldi'' Schaus, 1910 * ''Zanola i ...

'' Walker, 1855

References

External links

ACG
Page of images of Apatelodidae from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. {{Taxonbar, from=Q3620570 Moth families