''Apareiodon'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Parodontidae, the scarpetooths. The fishies in this genus are found in the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeog ...

, where they occur as far south as

Río de la Plata The Río de la Plata (; ), also called the River Plate or La Plata River in English, is the estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Paraná River at Punta Gorda, Colonia, Punta Gorda. It empties into the Atlantic Ocean and ...

Taxonomy

''Apareiodon'' was first proposed as a genus by the American ichthyologist Carl H. Eigenamnn in Volume 10 of the ''

Annals of Carnegie Museum ''Annals of Carnegie Museum'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. It was established in 1901 by the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute. The journal is distributed both in print and onlin ...

'' published in 1916. When he proposed the genus Eigenmann designated ''Parodon piracicabae'' as its

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

. ''P. piracicabae'' was first formally described by Eigenmann in ''An annotated list of characin fishes in the United States National Museum and the Museum of Indiana University, with descriptions of new species'' cowritten with Fletcher Ogle in volume 33 of ''

Proceedings of the United States National Museum The Smithsonian Contributions and Studies Series is a collection of serial periodical publications produced by the Smithsonian Institution, detailing advances in various scientific and societal fields to which the Smithsonian Institution has made ...

'' published in 1907 with its type locality given as

Piracicaba Piracicaba ( ) is a Municipalities of Brazil, Brazilian municipality located in the Interior of São Paulo, interior of São Paulo (state), São Paulo state, in the Southeast Region, Brazil, Southeast Region of Brazil. It serves as the main city ...

on the Piracicaba River in

Estado de São Paulo ''O Estado de S. Paulo'' (; ), also known as ''Estadão'' (; ), is a daily newspaper published in São Paulo, Brazil. It is the third largest newspaper in Brazil, and its format changed from broadsheet to berliner on October 17, 2021. It has th ...

, Brazil. ''Apareiodon '' is classified within the family Parodontidae, the scrapetooths, which is classified within the

suborder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized ...

Characoidei of the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood ...

Characiformes Characiformes is an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies. Grouped in 18 recognized families, more than 2000 different species are described, including the well-known piranha and tetras.; Buckup P.A.: "Relationsh ...

Species

''Apareiodon'' contains the following species: * ''

Apareiodon affinis ''Apareiodon affinis'', the darter characine, is a species of fresh water ray-finned fish native to the Río de la Plata Basin in southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina. Description The darter characine is a small, fusiform fish grow ...

'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...

, 1879) (Darter characine) * '' Apareiodon agmatos'' Taphorn, López-Fernández & C. R. Bernard, 2008 * '' Apareiodon argenteus'' Pavanelli & Britski, 2003 * '' Apareiodon cavalcante'' Pavanelli & Britski, 2003 * '' Apareiodon davisi'' Fowler, 1941 * '' Apareiodon gransabana'' W. C. Starnes & I. Schindler, 1993 * '' Apareiodon hasemani'' C. H. Eigenmann, 1916 * '' Apareiodon ibitiensis'' Amaral Campos, 1944 * '' Apareiodon itapicuruensis'' C. H. Eigenmann &

Henn Henn is a both a surname and an Estonian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include: As a given name * Henn-Ants Kurg (1898–1943), Estonian military colonel and diplomat * Henn Pärn (born 1941), Estonian politician * Hen ...

, 1916 * '' Apareiodon machrisi'' Travassos, 1957 * '' Apareiodon piracicabae'' (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907) * '' Apareiodon tigrinus'' Pavanelli & Britski, 2003 * '' Apareiodon vittatus'' Garavello, 1977 * '' Apareiodon vladii'' Pavanelli, 2006

Etymology

''Apareiodon'' puts the prefix ''a-'', which means "without" in Greek, in front of ''pareia'', meaning "cheek", combined with ''odon'', which is a Latinised derivative of the Greek ''oudos'', meaning "teeth". This is an allusion to the absence of lateral teeth in the lower jaw.

Characteristics

''Apareiodon'' was described by Eignemann as being distinguished from ''

Parodon ''Parodon'' is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Parodontidae, the scrapetooths. The fishes in this genus are from the tropical and subtropical Neotropics, their distribution extending as far south as the Río de la ...

'' by the lack of teeth in the side of the lower jaw and by the ampullae on the upturned margin of the maxilla with which the teeth are assocaited on ''Parodon'' are less well developed in this genus. These are small fishes with lengths ranging from a

standard length Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of fish anatomy, their anatomies, for data used in many areas of ichthyology, including Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy and fishery biology. Overall length Standard length (SL) is ...

of in ''A. cavalcante'', to a

total length Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies, for data used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fishery biology. Overall length Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish measured f ...

of in ''A. affinis''.

Distribution

''Apareiodon'' scrapetooths are found in southern Central and South America from Panama south to the Río de la Plata catchment.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q4779132 Fish of South America Characiformes genera Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann Parodontidae