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Anyphaenidae is a
family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
of
araneomorph The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha) are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their cl ...
spider Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species d ...
s, sometimes called anyphaenid sac spiders. They are distinguished from the
sac spider The sac spiders of the family Clubionidae have a very confusing taxonomic history. Once, this family was a large catch-all taxon for a disparate collection of spiders, similar only in that they had eight eyes arranged in two rows and conical anter ...
s of the family Clubionidae and other
spider Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species d ...
s by having the abdominal spiracle placed one third to one half of the way anterior to the
spinnerets A spinneret is a silk-spinning organ of a spider or the larva of an insect. Some adult insects also have spinnerets, such as those borne on the forelegs of Embioptera. Spinnerets are usually on the underside of a spider's opisthosoma, and are ...
toward the epigastric furrow on the underside of the
abdomen The abdomen (colloquially called the belly, tummy, midriff, tucky or stomach) is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates. The abdomen is the front part of the abdominal segment of the tors ...
. In most spiders the spiracle is just anterior to the spinnerets. Like clubionids, anyphaenids have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets and are wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks. There are more than 500 species in over 50 genera worldwide. The family is widespread and includes such common genera as ''Anyphaena'' (worldwide except tropical
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
and
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an ...
) and ''Hibana'' (
New World The term ''New World'' is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. ...
). Only one species ('' A. accentuata'') occurs in northwestern
Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...
. Species in the latter genus are important predators in several
agricultural Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled peopl ...
systems, especially tree crops. They are able to detect and feed on insect eggs, despite their poor eyesight. They share this ability at least with some miturgid spiders.


Genera

, the
World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...
accepts the following genera: *''
Acanthoceto ''Acanthoceto'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1944. Species it contains seven species: *''Acanthoceto acupicta'' (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazi ...
'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 — South America *''
Aljassa ''Aljassa'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997. Species it contains five species: *'' Aljassa annulipes'' (Caporiacco, 1955) – Venezuela *'' Aljassa notata'' (Keyserling, 1881) � ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America *''
Amaurobioides ''Amaurobioides'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1883. Species it contains twelve species: *''Amaurobioides africana'' Hewitt, 1917 – Namibia, South Africa *''Amaurobioides chilensis'' (Nicol ...
'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1883 — Africa, Chile, Australia, New Zealand *''
Anyphaena ''Anyphaena'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Species it contains eighty-three species in North America, Europe, Middle East and Southern and Eastern Asia: *'' A. accentuata'' (Walckenae ...
'' Sundevall, 1833 — Asia, Americas, Europe, Algeria *''
Anyphaenoides ''Anyphaenoides'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Lucien Berland in 1913. It is a senior synonym of "Quechuella" Species it contains twenty species from Central and South America: *''Anyphaenoides brescoviti'' Baert, 19 ...
'' Berland, 1913 — South America, Central America, Trinidad *''
Arachosia Arachosia () is the Hellenized name of an ancient satrapy situated in the eastern parts of the Achaemenid empire. It was centred around the valley of the Arghandab River in modern-day southern Afghanistan, and extended as far east as the In ...
'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 — South America, North America, Cuba, Panama *''
Araiya ''Araiya'' is a genus of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the contine ...
'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina *''
Australaena ''Australaena'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Lucien Berland in 1942. it contains only two species. References Anyphaenidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Oceania Taxa named by Lucien Berland {{Anypha ...
'' Berland, 1942 — French Polynesia *''
Axyracrus ''Axyracrus'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders containing the single species, ''Axyracrus elegans''. It was first described by Eugène Simon in 1884, and has only been found in Chile and Argentina. It is a senior synonym T ...
'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *''
Aysenia ''Aysenia'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Albert Tullgren in 1902. Species it contains nine species from Chile and Argentina: *''Aysenia araucana'' Ramírez, 2003 – Chile *''Aysenia barrigai'' Izquier ...
'' Tullgren, 1902 — Chile, Argentina *''
Aysenoides ''Aysenoides'' is a genus of spiders in the family Anyphaenidae. It was first described in 2003 by Ramírez. it contains 5 species from Chile and Argentina. References Anyphaenidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of South America ...
'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina *''
Aysha Aisha ( ar, , translit=ʿĀʾisha bint Abī Bakr; , also , ; ) was Muhammad's third and youngest wife. In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" ( ar, links=no, , ʾumm al- muʾminīn), refer ...
'' Keyserling, 1891 — South America, Panama *''
Bromelina ''Bromelina'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit Antônio Domingos Brescovit (born 1959) is a Brazilian arachnologist. His first name, Antônio (the spelling used in Brazil) may also be sp ...
'' Brescovit, 1993 — Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela *''
Buckupiella ''Buckupiella'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders containing the single species, ''Buckupiella imperatriz''. It was first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997, and has only been found in Brazil and Argentina. T ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — Brazil, Argentina *''
Coptoprepes ''Coptoprepes'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1884. Species it contains twelve species: *''Coptoprepes bellavista'' Werenkraut & Ramírez, 2009 – Chile *'' Coptoprepes campanensis'' R ...
'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *'' Ferrieria'' Tullgren, 1901 — Chile, Argentina *''
Gamakia ''Gamakia'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders containing the single species, ''Gamakia hirsuta''. It was first described by M. J. Ramírez in 2003, and has only been found in Chile. References

Anyphaenida ...
'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile *'' Gayenna'' Nicolet, 1849 — South America, Mexico *'' Gayennoides'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile *'' Hatitia'' Brescovit, 1997 — Ecuador, Peru, Colombia *''
Hibana ''Hibana'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1991. It is found from the United States to Brazil, including the West Indies. It includes North America's yellow ghost spider, formerly categorized as '' ...
'' Brescovit, 1991 — North and South America, Caribbean *'' Iguarima'' Brescovit, 1997 — Brazil, Ecuador *''
Ilocomba ''Ilocomba'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit Antônio Domingos Brescovit (born 1959) is a Brazilian arachnologist. His first name, Antônio (the spelling used in Brazil) may also be spe ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — Colombia *''
Isigonia ''Isigonia'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and ...
'' Simon, 1897 — South America, Panama *'' Italaman'' Brescovit, 1997 — Colombia, Brazil, Argentina *''
Jessica Jessica may refer to: Given name * Jessica (given name), includes a list of people and fictional characters with this name * Jessica Folcker, a Swedish singer known by the mononym Jessica * Jessica Jung, a Korean-American singer known by the m ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America *''
Josa The ''Journal of the Optical Society of America'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of optics, published by Optica. It was established in 1917 and in 1984 was split into two parts, A and B. ''Journal of the Optical Society of America A'' P ...
'' Keyserling, 1891 — South America, Costa Rica, Mexico *''
Katissa ''Katissa'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997. Species it contains ten species: *''Katissa delicatula'' (Banks, 1909) – Costa Rica *''Katissa elegans'' (Banks, 1909) – Costa Rica *''Katissa ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — Central America, South America *'' Lepajan'' Brescovit, 1993 — Ecuador, Panama *''
Lupettiana ''Lupettiana'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997. Species it contains nine species: *''Lupettiana bimini'' Brescovit, 1999 – Bahama Is. *''Lupettiana eberhardi'' Brescovit, 1999 – Costa Rica ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — Costa Rica, Caribbean, South America, United States *''
Macrophyes ''Macrophyes'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and ...
'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893 — Mexico, Central America, South America *'' Mesilla'' Simon, 1903 — Colombia, Ecuador *''
Monapia ''Monapia'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. Species it contains thirteen species: *''Monapia alupuran'' Ramírez, 1995 — Chile *''Monapia angusta'' (Mello-Leitão, 1944) — Urug ...
'' Simon, 1897 — Chile, Uruguay, Argentina *''
Negayan ''Negayan'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by M. J. Ramírez in 2003. Species it contains twelve species: *'' Negayan ancha'' Lopardo, 2005 – Chile, Argentina *''Negayan argentina'' Lopardo, 2005 – Arge ...
'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina, Peru *''
Osoriella ''Osoriella'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1922. Species it contains four species: *''Osoriella domingos'' Brescovit, 1998 – Brazil *''Osoriella pallidoemanu'' Me ...
'' Mello-Leitão, 1922 — South America *''
Otoniela ''Otoniela'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit Antônio Domingos Brescovit (born 1959) is a Brazilian arachnologist. His first name, Antônio (the spelling used in Brazil) may also be spe ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America *''
Oxysoma ''Oxysoma'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by H. Nicolet in 1849. Species it contains eight species: *''Oxysoma chiloensis'' (Ramírez, 2003) – Chile, Argentina *''Oxysoma itambezinho'' Ramírez, 2003 – ...
'' Nicolet, 1849 — Chile, Argentina, Brazil *'' Patrera'' Simon, 1903 — South America, Central America *'' Phidyle'' Simon, 1880 — Chile *''
Philisca ''Philisca'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1884. Species it contains fourteen species: *''Philisca accentifera'' Simon, 1904 – Chile, Argentina *'' Philisca amaena'' (Simon, 1884) – ...
'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *'' Pippuhana'' Brescovit, 1997 — United States, Panama, Brazil *''
Sanogasta ''Sanogasta'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1941. Species it contains fifteen species: *'' Sanogasta alticola'' (Simon, 1896) — Peru, Bolivia, Argentina *''Sanog ...
'' Mello-Leitão, 1941 — South America *''
Selknamia ''Selknamia'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders containing the single species, ''Selknamia minima''. It was first described by M. J. Ramírez in 2003, and has only been found in Chile and Argentina Argentina (), offic ...
'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina *'' Shuyushka'' Dupérré & Tapia, 2016 — Ecuador *''
Sillus ''Sillus'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1900. Species it contains ten species: *''Sillus attiguus'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) — Mexico *''Sillus curvispina'' F. O. Pickar ...
'' F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900 — Mexico, Central America, Brazil *'' Sinophaena'' Lin & Li, 2021 — China *''
Tafana ''Tafana'' is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1903. Species it contains sixteen species: *''Tafana arawak'' de Oliveira & Brescovit, 2021 – Venezuela *''Tafana chimire'' de Oliveira & Bres ...
'' Simon, 1903 — Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia *''
Tasata ''Tasata'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1903. Species it contains fifteen species, most from Brazil: *''Tasata centralis'' Ramírez, 2003 – Argentina *''Tasata frenata'' ...
'' Simon, 1903 — South America *''
Temnida ''Temnida'' is a genus of spiders in the family Anyphaenidae Anyphaenidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called anyphaenid sac spiders. They are distinguished from the sac spiders of the family Clubionidae and other spiders b ...
'' Simon, 1896 — South America *''
Teudis ''Teudis'' is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1896. Species it contains twenty-seven species: *'' Teudis angusticeps'' (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil *'' Teudis atrofasciatus'' Mello-Leitão, 1922 � ...
'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 — South America, Central America *''
Thaloe ''Thaloe'' is a genus of Caribbean Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1993. it contains only three species, all found in Cuba and Hispaniola. References

Anyphaenidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders ...
'' Brescovit, 1993 — Cuba *'' Timbuka'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America, Central America, Mexico *''
Tomopisthes ''Tomopisthes'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1884. Species it contains five species: *''Tomopisthes horrendus'' (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile, Argentina *''Tomopisthes puconen ...
'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *''
Umuara ''Umuara'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997. Species it contains six species: *''Umuara fasciata'' (Blackwall, 1862) – Venezuela, Brazil *''Umuara freddyi'' Olivei ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — Venezuela, Brazil, Peru *''
Wulfila Ulfilas (–383), also spelled Ulphilas and Orphila, all Latinized forms of the unattested Gothic form *𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌰 Wulfila, literally "Little Wolf", was a Goth of Cappadocian Greek descent who served as a bishop and missionar ...
'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895 — North America, South America, Central America, Caribbean *''
Wulfilopsis ''Wulfilopsis'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders first described by B. A. M. Soares & Hélio Ferraz de Almeida Camargo in 1955. Species it contains six species, all found in Brazil: *''Wulfilopsis frenata'' (Key ...
'' Soares & Camargo, 1955 — Brazil *''
Xiruana ''Xiruana'' is a genus of South American Anyphaenidae, anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997. Species it contains seventeen species: *''Xiruana affinis'' (Mello-Leitão, 1922) – Brazil *''Xiruana ajuricaba'' Oli ...
'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America


See also

*
List of Anyphaenidae species This page lists all described genera and species of the spider family Anyphaenidae. , the World Spider Catalog accepts 685 species in 56 genera: A ''Acanthoceto'' '' Acanthoceto'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 * ''Acanthoceto acupicta'' (Nicolet, 1849) (t ...


References


External links


Family Anyphaenidae Sac spiders, ghost spiders

Video of Hibana, an anyphaenid from Florida
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5876 Articles containing video clips Araneomorphae families Taxa named by Philipp Bertkau