Anyphaenidae is a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of araneomorph

spider Spiders (order (biology), order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude spider silk, silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and ran ...

s, sometimes called anyphaenid sac spiders or ghost spiders. They are distinguished from the sac spiders of the family Clubionidae and other

s by having the abdominal spiracle placed one third to one half of the way anterior to the spinnerets toward the epigastric furrow on the underside of the

abdomen The abdomen (colloquially called the gut, belly, tummy, midriff, tucky, or stomach) is the front part of the torso between the thorax (chest) and pelvis in humans and in other vertebrates. The area occupied by the abdomen is called the abdominal ...

. In most spiders the spiracle is just anterior to the spinnerets. Like clubionids, anyphaenids have conical anterior spinnerets and are wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks. There are more than 600 species in over 50 genera worldwide. The family is widespread and includes such common genera as '' Anyphaena'' (worldwide except tropical

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

and

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

) and ''Hibana'' (

New World The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: ...

). Only one species ('' A. accentuata'') occurs in northwestern

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

. Species in the latter genus are important predators in several

agricultural Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created f ...

systems, especially tree crops. They are able to detect and feed on insect eggs, despite their poor eyesight. They share this ability at least with some miturgid spiders.

Genera

, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *'' Acanthoceto'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 — South America *'' Aljassa'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America *'' Amaurobioides'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1883 — Africa, Chile, Australia, New Zealand *'' Anyphaena'' Sundevall, 1833 — Asia, Americas, Europe, Algeria *'' Anyphaenoides'' Berland, 1913 — South America, Central America, Trinidad *'' Arachosia'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 — South America, North America, Cuba, Panama *'' Araiya'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina *'' Australaena'' Berland, 1942 — French Polynesia *'' Axyracrus'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *'' Aysenia'' Tullgren, 1902 — Chile, Argentina *'' Aysenoides'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina *'' Aysha'' Keyserling, 1891 — South America, Panama *'' Bromelina'' Brescovit, 1993 — Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela *'' Buckupiella'' Brescovit, 1997 — Brazil, Argentina *'' Coptoprepes'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *'' Ferrieria'' Tullgren, 1901 — Chile, Argentina *'' Gamakia'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile *'' Gayenna'' Nicolet, 1849 — South America, Mexico *'' Gayennoides'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile *'' Hatitia'' Brescovit, 1997 — Ecuador, Peru, Colombia *'' Hibana'' Brescovit, 1991 — North and South America, Caribbean *'' Iguarima'' Brescovit, 1997 — Brazil, Ecuador *'' Ilocomba'' Brescovit, 1997 — Colombia *'' Isigonia'' Simon, 1897 — South America, Panama *'' Italaman'' Brescovit, 1997 — Colombia, Brazil, Argentina *'' Jessica'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America *'' Josa'' Keyserling, 1891 — South America, Costa Rica, Mexico *'' Katissa'' Brescovit, 1997 — Central America, South America *'' Lepajan'' Brescovit, 1993 — Ecuador, Panama *'' Lupettiana'' Brescovit, 1997 — Costa Rica, Caribbean, South America, United States *'' Macrophyes'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893 — Mexico, Central America, South America *'' Mesilla'' Simon, 1903 — Colombia, Ecuador *'' Monapia'' Simon, 1897 — Chile, Uruguay, Argentina *'' Negayan'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina, Peru *'' Osoriella'' Mello-Leitão, 1922 — South America *'' Otoniela'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America *'' Oxysoma'' Nicolet, 1849 — Chile, Argentina, Brazil *'' Patrera'' Simon, 1903 — South America, Central America *'' Phidyle'' Simon, 1880 — Chile *'' Philisca'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *'' Pippuhana'' Brescovit, 1997 — United States, Panama, Brazil *'' Rathalos'' Lin & Li, 2022 — China *'' Sanogasta'' Mello-Leitão, 1941 — South America *'' Selknamia'' Ramírez, 2003 — Chile, Argentina *'' Shuyushka'' Dupérré & Tapia, 2016 — Ecuador *'' Sillus'' F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900 — Mexico, Central America, Brazil *'' Sinophaena'' Lin & Li, 2021 — China *'' Tafana'' Simon, 1903 — Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia *'' Tasata'' Simon, 1903 — South America *'' Temnida'' Simon, 1896 — South America *'' Teudis'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 — South America, Central America *'' Thaloe'' Brescovit, 1993 — Cuba *'' Timbuka'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America, Central America, Mexico *'' Tomopisthes'' Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina *'' Umuara'' Brescovit, 1997 — Venezuela, Brazil, Peru *'' Wulfila'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895 — North America, South America, Central America, Caribbean *'' Wulfilopsis'' Soares & Camargo, 1955 — Brazil *'' Xiruana'' Brescovit, 1997 — South America

References

External links

Family Anyphaenidae Sac spiders, ghost spiders

Video of Hibana, an anyphaenid from Florida
{{Authority control Articles containing video clips Araneomorphae families Taxa named by Philipp Bertkau

Genera

See also

References

External links