Antonio Reparaz (3 October 1831 – 14 April 1886) was a Spanish composer and theatre director.

Career

The son of a military musician, Reparaz was born in

Cádiz Cádiz ( , , ) is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula off the Atlantic Ocean separated fr ...

Andalucia Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomous community in the country. It i ...

. As a child he sang in the choir of the

Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela The Santiago de Compostela Archcathedral Basilica (Spanish language, Spanish and Galician language, Galician: ) is part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela, Metropolitan Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela and is an inte ...

. He conducted his first work at the age of 16 in Santander, and shortly afterwards, after receiving a scholarship from the provincial government of Vizcaya, he moved to Rome, Italy, to study. On his return to Spain, passing through Paris, he was hired as director of the Real Teatro San Juan in

Porto Porto (), also known in English language, English as Oporto, is the List of cities in Portugal, second largest city in Portugal, after Lisbon. It is the capital of the Porto District and one of the Iberian Peninsula's major urban areas. Porto c ...

, Portugal where he stayed for several seasons from 1872. He spent a season conducting and premiering operas in several European and American capitals, returning to Porto in 1873. Later, he premiered several zarzuelas at the Teatro Circo in Madrid and some of his other operas at various theatres in Spain. In

Zaragoza Zaragoza (), traditionally known in English as Saragossa ( ), is the capital city of the province of Zaragoza and of the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It lies by the Ebro river and its tributaries, the ...

, he premiered the zarzuela ''The feudal castle''. In

Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

, he was a respected composer in the Teatro Circo for many years, and premiered ''Fifth and a Substitute'', ''Harry the Devil'', ''Pablo and Virginia'', in collaboration with

Emilio Arrieta Juan Pascual Antonio Arrieta Corera (20 October 1821 – 11 February 1894), also known as Emilio Arrieta, was a Spanish composer. Arrieta was born in Puente la Reina, Navarre. His Italian musical training led him, under the favour of Queen ...

and José Inzenga, ''A Throne and a Disappointment''. In

Valencia Valencia ( , ), formally València (), is the capital of the Province of Valencia, province and Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Valencian Community, the same name in Spain. It is located on the banks of the Turia (r ...

, he worked in opera at the Teatro Principal in the season of 1882–83. At the same time, he approached the art of

zarzuela () is a Spanish lyric-dramatic genre that alternates between spoken and sung scenes, the latter incorporating operatic and popular songs, as well as dance. The etymology of the name is uncertain, but some propose it may derive from the name o ...

with unequalled success. His production, although less in quantity to that of his contemporaries

Ruperto Chapí Ruperto Chapí y Lorente (27 March 1851 – 25 March 1909) was a Spanish composer, and co-founder of the Sociedad General de Autores y Editores, Spanish Society of Authors and Publishers. Biography Chapí was born at Villena, the son of a loc ...

Gerónimo Giménez Gerónimo Giménez y Bellido (10 October 1854 – 19 February 1923) was a Spanish conductor and composer, who dedicated his career to writing zarzuelas, such as ''La tempranica'' and ''La boda de Luis Alonso''. He preferred to spell his first nam ...

and

Manuel Fernández Caballero Manuel Fernández Caballero (Murcia, 14 March 1835 – Madrid, 26 February 1906) was a Spanish composer, notably of zarzuelas. His works were seminal works in the young Género chico form of zarzuela. The success of ''Los bandos de villafri ...

, is of a high quality.

Music

As a composer, he gained renown as a result of the success of his many operas and zarzuelas. During his career, he covered most of the musical genres of the Bourbon Restoration period (1875–1885), composed operas, zarzuelas as well as symphonic and chamber music. He adopted the most modern procedures, within the limitations of the genre. On the other hand, he wrote symphonic music with a singular insistence, at the same time in which in Spain great orchestral ensembles scarcely existed. His symphonies revealed a strong assimilation of

Verdi Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi ( ; ; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for his operas. He was born near Busseto, a small town in the province of Parma, to a family of moderate means, recei ...

and compositional techniques of

Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. He is one of the most revered figures in the history of Western music; his works rank among the most performed of the classical music repertoire ...

. His most successful works are those that feature a genuine Spanish character. During his last years, he composed several

symphonic poems A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source. The German term ( ...

of clear and nostalgic character. In the genre of chamber music he wrote several works including (trios, quartets and a quintet), composed with a markedly classic point of view, influenced by French composers. He also wrote the music of ''A Mi Nazarena'' with

José Zorrilla José Zorrilla y Moral () was a Spanish poet and dramatist, who became National Laureate. Biography Zorrilla was born in Valladolid to a magistrate in whom Ferdinand VII placed special confidence. He was educated by the Jesuits at the Real Sem ...

and ''El Beso del Poeta''.

Family

Reparaz was the father of six children, but only two survived longer than 18 years. Gonzalo's eldest son was a well-known reporter and journalist who gave lectures and wrote books about

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

. In 1890, his daughter Virgilia married the well-known orchestral conductor

Antonio Videgain Antonio Videgain García (10 March 1869 – 9 February 1944) was a Spanish conductor and composer, who dedicated his career to writing zarzuelas, such as ''A vuelo de pájaro'' and ''El vals coqueto''. Biography Although the details of his ea ...

, and in 1892, his grandson Antonio Videgain Reparaz was born. The 3rd soon, Ignacio, was a military man and guard who died in 1926. In the same decade, two of his daughters married military men and future generals of the Spanish army, their grandchildren being sons of the General-in-chief of the Spanish armies, Burguete Lana.

Selected works

He wrote six operas and many zarzuelas. * ''Gonzalo de Córdoba'', opera, premiered in

* ''Pedro el cruel'', opera * ''Ardides y cuchilladas'' * ''Pablo y Virginia'', opera, Teatro Novedades, 6 November 1862 * ''El paraiso de Madrid'', zarzuela in 3 acts * ''El magnetismo'' * ''La ventá encantada'', in honour of

Miguel de Cervantes Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ( ; ; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 Old Style and New Style dates, NS) was a Spanish writer widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-eminent novelist ...

1871, zarzuela in three acts in verse, libretto by

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer Gustavo Adolfo Claudio Domínguez Bastida (17 February 1836 – 22 December 1870), better known as Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (), was a Spanish Spanish Romance literature, Romantic poet and writer (mostly short stories), also a playwright, columni ...

* ''La cruz del valle'', Madrid, Teatro Circo, 22 October 1860 * ''La gitanilla'',

Teatro de la Zarzuela The Teatro de la Zarzuela is a theatre in Madrid, Spain. The theatre is today mainly devoted to zarzuela (the Spanish traditional musical theatre genre), as well as operetta and recitals. History The theatre was designed by architect Jerónim ...

, 27 September 1861 * ''La mina de oro'', Madrid, Teatro Circo, 19 November 1861 * ''Harry el diablo'', zarzuela in two acts, libretto by Narciso Serra and Miguel Pastorfido, Madrid, Teatro Circo, 21 February 1862 * ''Las bodas de camacho'', Madrid, Teatro Circo, 9 October 1866 * ''Un quinto y sustituto''

Bibliography

* ''La música española en el siglo XIX'' (Celsa Alonso González, 1995). * ''Asejo Barbieri'' (1996). * Begoña Lolo: ''Cervantes y el Quijote en la música: estudios sobre la recepción de un mito''. * ''Gustavo Adolfo Becquer y Reparaz''. * Biblioteca Comunidad of Madrid, Work 'Harry el diablo'

* Real academia de Bellas artes of Valladolid

* ''Antonio Reparaz, un músico en Oporto, nuevos datos'', University of La Rioja

* ''Life and work, biography, euskalbiographys'', Book of university Vasca

* ''Dates of life in Library national of Spain'', Biblioteca Nacional española

* Instituto Cervantes ''Cervantes y Reparaz''

* ''Un músico de la Restauración''.Antonio Reparaz Madrid: Instituto Complutense de Ciencias Musicales, 2002, Prensa en University Complutense of Madri

* ''Teatralerias'' book of dinastys of theathre spanish, (J. J. Videgain, 2018).

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Reparaz, Antonio 1831 births 1886 deaths 19th-century Spanish classical composers 19th-century classical pianists 19th-century classical violinists 19th-century Spanish conductors (music) 19th-century Spanish male musicians Madrid Royal Conservatory Spanish male classical pianists Spanish male classical violinists Spanish male conductors (music) Spanish male opera composers Spanish Romantic composers