Antoniny Palace () was a palace of the

noble A noble is a member of the nobility. Noble may also refer to: Places Antarctica * Noble Glacier, King George Island * Noble Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land * Noble Peak, Wiencke Island * Noble Rocks, Graham Land Australia * Noble Island, Gr ...

Sanguszko The House of Sanguszko is a Polish and Lithuanian noble and aristocratic family of Lithuanian and Ruthenian origin, connected to the Gediminid dynasty. Like other princely houses of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, its origins are considered m ...

and

Potocki The House of Potocki (; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Potocki family is one of the wealthiest and ...

families in Antoniny,

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. It was destroyed during the

Russian Civil War The Russian Civil War () was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the 1917 overthrowing of the Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. I ...

in August 1919. Today the park and various service buildings remain, such as the stables.

History

In the 1760s,

Barbara Sanguszko file:POL COA Sanguszko.svg, 200px, Arms of Pogoń Litewska Barbara Urszula Sanguszko, ''née'' Dunin (pseudonym: ''A Dame; A definite Polish dame; definitely a worthy dowager''; 4 February 1718 – 2 October 1791 in Warsaw) was a Polish noblewoma ...

(1718–1791), grants for long-term use the village and estate of Holodky to Ignatius Malchevsky, who was married to her sister Antonina, and was regent of the royal chancellery. The couple settled in Holodky, and decided to construct a palace and a garden. Ignatius named the palace after his beloved wife Antonina. The name also became associated with the village, so Holodky became Antoniny. At the start of the 19th century, the castle returned to the

family, who further renovated the palace and turned into a splendid estate. When Maria Klementyna Sanguszko (1830–1903) married

Alfred Józef Potocki Count Alfred Józef Potocki (, 29 July 1817 or 1822, Łańcut – 18 May 1889, Paris) was a Polish aristocrat (szlachcic), landowner, and a liberal-conservative monarchist Austrian politician and Prime Minister. Early life Count Potocki was bor ...

(1822–1889), Antoniny palace transferred to the

Potocki family The House of Potocki (; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent szlachta, Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Po ...

. When her husband died, she transferred the palace to her younger son,

Józef Mikołaj Potocki Józef Mikołaj Kazimierz Marian Alfred Jakub Potocki (8 September 1862 – 25 August 1922) was a Polish nobleman, hunter, traveller and writer. A collector of books, paintings and hunting trophies, he also bred Arabian horses on his Pilawin estat ...

(1862–1922). The elder son,

Roman Potocki Count Roman Potocki (16 December 1852 – 24 September 1915) was a Polish nobleman ( szlachcic) and politician. Early life Count Roman was born on 16 December 1852 at Łańcut in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, in what was then a part ...

, inherited

Łańcut Castle Łańcut Castle (Polish language, Polish: ''Zamek w Łańcucie''; pronounced: ) is a complex of historical buildings located in Łańcut, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland. Historically the residence of the Pilecki, House of Lubomirski, Lubomirsk ...

. Józef Potocki was one of the richest magnates in the Russian empire, a lover of nature and an avid hunter. He travelled the world around for it, not only Poland, but also India, Ceylon and Africa. This was also reflected in Antoniny, which was rebuilt into a

neo-baroque Neo-Baroque may refer to: * Neo-Baroque music * Neo-Baroque painting, a painting style used by Christo Coetzee and others *Baroque Revival architecture * Neo-Baroque film *the Organ reform movement The Organ Reform Movement or ''Orgelbewegung'' ...

residence. The reconstruction happened in various phases: the

Austrian Austrian may refer to: * Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent ** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen * Austrian German dialect * Something associated with the country Austria, for example: ** Austria-Hungary ** Austria ...

architects

Fellner & Helmer Fellner & Helmer was an architecture studio founded in 1873 by Austrian architects Ferdinand Fellner and Hermann Helmer. They designed over 200 buildings (mainly opera houses and apartment buildings) across Europe in the late 19th and early 20th c ...

did the first work in the 1870s. The French architect François Arveuf was involved between 1897 and 1903 adding a guest wing and redesigning the interior. And Ferdinand Fellner again between 1905 and 1908, adding a new entrance. The new renovated palace was full of elegance and luxury. It became famous for its stud of

Arabian horse The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DIN 31635, DMG ''al-ḥiṣān al-ʿarabī'') is a horse breed, breed of horse with historic roots on the Arabian Peninsula. With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easi ...

s,Derry, ''Bred for Perfection'', pp. 107–108Archer, ''Arabian Horse'', pp. 56–57 and its cellars having the most exotic liquors. The reception halls were decorated with hunting trophies. Also, the palace room housed a large art collection, consisting of paintings, porcelain (e.g. Sèvres, Saxon and Korets) and books. Józef gathered in his library around 20,000 volumes. The garden and park around the palace were around six thousand hectares in size. Józef arranged here one of the largest menagerie parks of Europe, where he arranged many hunts but also bred animals that were not used to the European climate. During the first World War, the palace was guarded by clerks and administrators. But it did not help, in the Russian Civil war which followed, the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...

set the palace on fire. It lasted several days in August 1919, and destroyed the entire mansion. During the fire, employees and some residents of the estate moved part of the collections (artworks, furniture, library and archive) to nearby stables and campers. In 1920, they were transported to

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

. The transferred collections were destroyed during the

Warsaw Uprising The Warsaw Uprising (; ), sometimes referred to as the August Uprising (), or the Battle of Warsaw, was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance movement in World War II, Polish underground resistance to liberate Warsaw from ...

in 1944. In the 1960s, a sport stadium was constructed on the site of the palace. What now today remains, are only the landscape park and some ancillary buildings, such as the stables. The entrance gates still bear the coat of arms of the Sanguszko and Potocki families.

Gallery

The palace in its heyday

File: Антоніни.Палац Потоцьких.Літографія за Н. Ордою.png , The palace in the 19th century File: Антоніни. Палац Потоцьких. Вигляд від парку.jpeg , The palace before the neo-baroque rebuilding File: Potocki Palace in Antoniny (1909).jpg , The palace and its stables opposite File: Антоніни.Погляд на сквер.Поштівка.1912.png , A view of the stables and the gates in 1912 File: Палац в Антонінах.jpg , Camels at the palace File: Антоніни.Возівня.1916.Поштівка.png, Entrance to the palace in 1916 File: Antoniny - Volhynia - hunting party.jpg , A hunting party at the steps of the palace File: Антоніни. Під час полювання.jpg , A hunt at the Antoniny estate

What has remained

File: Антоні ниВартівниця.JPG , The palace gates with the coat of arms of the Sanguszko and Potocki families File: Сільрада, господарські приміщення палацу, мур на площі леніна.JPG , Another view of the palace gates File: Головна брама Антоніни.jpg , Another view of the palace gates File: Антонини.jpg , A dilapidated guardhouse File: Красилівський район18.jpg , A former service building File: Antoniny outhouse.jpg , A former service building File: Флігель палацу (мур.) Антоніни.jpg , A former service building File: Залишки оздоблення у флігелі, Антоніни.jpg , Remains of the interior in a service building

References

External links

* * {{cite web, url=https://vsn.ua/news/antoninskiy-palats-na-volini-rozkish-ta-ekzotika-28110 , title=Антонінський палац на Волині: розкіш та екзотика (Antoniny Palace in Volyn: luxury and exoticism)(Ukrainian podcast on Antoniny palace) , website=vsn.ua , access-date=1 November 2023, language=uk Buildings and structures in Khmelnytskyi Oblast Antoniny Palace Former palaces Antoniny Palace Antoniny Palace Antoniny Palace