Anoye (; oc, Anoja) is a commune in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...

region of southwestern

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

. It is part of the urban area (''aire d'attraction des villes'') of Pau. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Anoyais'' or ''Anoyaises''.

Geography

Anoye is located some 25 km north-east of Pau and 15 km west of Vic-en-Bigorre. It can be accessed by the D604 road coming north from the D7 just west of Baleix and continuing through the village and the commune north to Maspie-Lalonquere-Juillacq. The D224 road also goes east from the village to Momy and the D207 road forms part of the western border of the commune. The commune is heavily forested in the east and central west however there is a large area of farmland in a central north-south strip and also in the west. The Léez river, a tributary of the Adour, flows from south to north in the east of the commune with a tributary forming the north-western border of the commune and another tributary forming part of the southern border. A further tributary flows east just south of the village into the Lees.

Historical Places and Hamlets

* Astis * Bourdallé * Cantou * Capdepont * Chambord * la Commande or Lacommande * Dibat * Fustié * Gassiabère * Gué * l'Honoré * Hourticq * Lasbarthes * Latare * Lermanou * Mandou * Mouly d'Anoye * Mouly deu Poun * Nouaou * Perrieu * Pessarthou * Talabot * Teulé * Trianon * Les Trois Fontaines * Les Tuquets

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in Bearnais is ''Anoja'' (according to the classical norm of

Occitan Occitan may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France. * Occitan language Occitan (; ...

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval Brigitte Jobbé-Duval is a French historian and linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects ...

, ''Dictionary of Place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques'', 2009, Archives and Culture, states that the origin of the name is Latin (''noda'' or ''noia'') and refers to a "marshland". The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: *Grosclaude: ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', 2006

Michel Grosclaude Michel Grosclaude (; oc, Miquèu; 1926–2002) was a philosopher and French linguist, and an author of works on grammar, lexicography and Occitan onomastics. Biography Born on 8 July 1926 in Nancy at (Meurthe-et-Moselle). He was the son of ...

, ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 *Cassini:

Cassini Map The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Ca ...

from 1750Cassini Map 1750 – Anoye
/ref> *Ldh/EHESS/Cassini: Origins: *Marca:

Pierre de Marca Pierre de Marca (24 January 1594 – 29 June 1662) was a French bishop and historian, born at Gan in Béarn of a family distinguished in the magistracy. His family was known among judicial circles in the 16th century, and maintained the ...

, ''History of Béarn''.

, ''History of Béarn'' *Saint-Pé:

Cartulary A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll ('' rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the f ...

of the Abbey of Saint-Pé

, ''History of Béarn'' * Fors de BéarnManuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Malta: Titles of the

Order of St John of Jerusalem The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...

Titles of the Order of St John of Jérusalem, Caubin in the Departmental Archives of

Haute-Garonne Haute-Garonne (; oc, Nauta Garona, ; en, Upper Garonne) is a department in the Occitanie region of Southwestern France. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country' ...

*Census: Census of Béarn *Denombrement: Denombremont of AnoyeManuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Pau: *Anoye: Titles of AnoyeTitles in the Town Hall of Anoye

History

indicates that the village, a stop on the

Way of Saint James The Camino de Santiago ( la, Peregrinatio Compostellana, "Pilgrimage of Compostela"; gl, O Camiño de Santiago), known in English as the Way of St James, is a network of pilgrims' ways or pilgrimages leading to the shrine of the Twelve Apostle ...

of Compostela, was identified in the 11th century. There was also a hospital at Anoye run by the

Knights of St. John of Jerusalem The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...

under the responsibility of the Commander of Caubin. In 1385, according to the census demanded by Gaston Phoebus, the village of Anoye had 45 fires and depended on the

Bailiwick A bailiwick () is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff's functions under a royal or imperial writ. The bailiwick is probably modelled on t ...

of Lembeye. There was a market, three to four bakeries, and seven shops. In 1648 the Barony of

Lons Lons () is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative div ...

became a

marquisate A marquess (; french: marquis ), es, marqués, pt, marquês. is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman wi ...

which included

Abitain Abitain (; eu, Abitaine) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The inhabitants are known as ''Abitainois'', or ''Abitaonoises''. Geography Location Abitain is bordered ...

, Anoye, Baleix, Castillon, Juillacq, Le Leu (a hamlet in Oraàs),

Lion The lion (''Panthera leo'') is a large Felidae, cat of the genus ''Panthera'' native to Africa and India. It has a muscular, broad-chested body; short, rounded head; round ears; and a hairy tuft at the end of its tail. It is sexually dimorphi ...

, Lons, Maspie, Oraàs, Peyrède (fief of Oraàs), Sauvagnon, and Viellepinte. Paul Raymond noted that Anoye was a former archpriesthood of the diocese of

Lescar Lescar (; oc, Lescar) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department and Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. Lescar is the site of the Roman city known variously as Benearnum, Beneharnum or Civitas Benarnensium, the l ...

, a member of the Commandery of

Saint John of Jerusalem The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headqu ...

, of Caubin, and of Morlaàs. Anoye was the chief town of a district called the ''Clau of Anoye'' comprising Anoye, Maspie, Juillacq, and Lion.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Inter-communality

Anoye is a member of four inter-communal structures: *The Communauté de communes du Nord-Est Béarn; *The SIVU of Highways of the Canton de Lembeye; *The AEP association of the Lembeye Region; *The Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 144 inhabitants.

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has many buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments: *A Fountain (1652) *A Hospital (ruins) of the

Hospitallers The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...

of Saint John of Jerusalem and the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem of Sendets, founded in 1315. The hospital had two Maltese Boundary Markers (18th century) called ''maltaises'' which are registered as historical objects. One has been in the Museum of Morlaàs since 1965 and the second has disappeared. *A Mill at Mouly deu Poun (18th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Mill at Mouly d'Anoye (1838)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Bridge (1784) over the Léez. *A Fortified Complex (11th century) (

Motte-and-bailey castle A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively eas ...

, outer courtyard, moat, entry portal, church, castle) was a lordship present in the 11th century. *A former Lay Abbey at Astis (1784)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *The Castaing House (1831) *The Sanglar House (1788) *The Teinto House (1861) *The Puyo-Ladevèse Farmhouse at Mandou (1803)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *The Poudjet Farmhouse (1844) *A Farmhouse at Pessarthou (1639)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Nouaou (1793)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A former Town Hall and School (1783) *The Loste Farmhouse (19th century) *A Farmhouse at l'Honoré (1793)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Lermanou (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Bourdallé (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at la Commande (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Hourticq (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *The Guithou House (16th century) *A Farmhouse at Fustié (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Cantou (1807)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *Houses and Farms (17th-19th century) *The Chateau de Salettes (17th century) *The Maison Commune (Communal House) (1771)

Religious heritage

The commune has several religious buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments: *A Presbytery (1701) *The Parish Church of Saint-Orens (remains)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée which was at a place called Astis until the 18th century. *The Parish Church of Notre Dame (12th century) was a former chapel from the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries and was rebuilt in 1757, 1764, and 1878. The church contains many items which are registered as historical objects: **Furniture **7 Stained glass windows **3 Paintings **9 Statues **A Cemetery Cross **A TombstoneMinistry of Culture, Palissy Anoye is a stage on the ''via Tolosane'' (or ''Toulouse route'') on the

Way of St James The Camino de Santiago ( la, Peregrinatio Compostellana, "Pilgrimage of Compostela"; gl, O Camiño de Santiago), known in English as the Way of St James, is a network of pilgrims' ways or pilgrimages leading to the shrine of the apostle Saint ...