''Anostoma octodentatum'', common name Brazilian up-mouth snail, is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

of air-breathing land snail, a

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

pulmonate gastropod

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...

in the family

Odontostomidae Odontostomidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and su ...

. ''Anostoma octodentatum'' is the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...

of the genus ''

Anostoma ''Anostoma'', common name the up-mouth snails, is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Odontostomidae.Breure A. S. H. & Ablett J. D. (2012) "Annotated type catalogue of the Bothriem ...

''. The type locality is tropical South America, east of the Andes.

Pilsbry H. A. Henry Augustus Pilsbry (7 December 1862 – 26 October 1957) was an American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist, among other areas of study. He was a dominant presence in many fields of invertebrate taxonomy for the better part of a cent ...

1901. in Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. 1901-1902
''Oriental Bulimoid Helicidae. Odontostominae. Cerionidae'' Volume 14
Manual of Conchology. Second series: Pulmonata. page 109-111.

Subspecies

* ''Anostoma octodentatum verreauxianum'' Hupé, 1857
photo

Distribution and habitat

This species occurs in

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

in the states of

Ceará Ceará (, pronounced locally as or ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Atlantic coast. It is the eighth-largest Brazilian State by population and the 17th by area. It is also one of th ...

and

Amapá Amapá () is one of the 26 states of Brazil. It is in the northern region of Brazil. It is the second least populous state and the eighteenth largest by area. Located in the far northern part of the country, Amapá is bordered clockwise by Fr ...

, where it is found uncommonly, living on the ground. accessed 19 February 2009

Shell description

The

shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses ** Thin-shell structure Science Biology * Seashell, a hard o ...

of this species is biconvex. The height of the shell is half or nearly half of the greatest diameter. The shell is solid, and obtusely angular at the periphery. The shell color is a brown-tinted whitish; the base is copiously dappled with oblong spots, and more or less spirally clouded with dull reddish brown. The upper surface has a broad reddish-brown band above the periphery. This band is often mottled, and fades out at its upper edge. There is a narrow dark spiral band bordering the suture below, fading on the two earlier whorls. The surface is slightly striate above, and on the first half of the base. The last half whorl is regularly latticed or malleate in a diamond pattern. The shell has 5

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral d ...

; the first one is flattened. The last half-whorl is straightened out: it runs to the periphery and is then upturned. It has three long and one short groove behind the lip. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An ...

of the shell is subhorizontal, rounded, and obstructed by eight folds. The peristome is white, very broadly expanded, reflexed and recurved, rather thick, and arcuate throughout. The

parietal callus A parietal callus is a feature of the shell anatomy of some groups of snails, i.e. gastropods. It is a thickened calcareous deposit which may be present on the parietal wall of the aperture of the adult shell. The parietal wall is the margin o ...

is translucent-white, and spreads broadly upon the last and preceding whorls. The parietal margin bears three lamellae: a small, triangular angle-lamella, a large, erect parietal lamella, the inner end of which curves behind the preceding tooth, and a smaller, straight infraparietal lamella near the middle of the parietal margin. The outer lip bears five folds: subequal, straight and rather large upper and lower palatal folds within the outer margin, a somewhat smaller columellar lamella below them, and two still smaller suprapalatal folds on the upper margin, the upper one of which is smaller and tuberculiform. The width of the adult shell varies from 39 to 45 mm, the height from 20–21 mm.

References

This article incorporates public domain text from the reference

External links

Some information about distribution and life habits

A photo of a live animal seen from above

Four good quality views of one shell

Photo of a shell 1

Photo of the shell 3
{{Taxonbar, from=Q4770188 Odontostomidae Gastropods described in 1807