''Anomaloglossus praderioi'' is a species of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...

in the family

Aromobatidae The Aromobatidae are a family of frogs native to Central and South America. They are sometimes referred to as cryptic forest frogs or cryptic poison frogs. They are the sister taxon of the Dendrobatidae, the poison dart frogs, but are not as tox ...

. It is found in the Pantepui region of southeastern

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

and western

Guyana Guyana, officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic British West Indies. entry "Guyana" Georgetown, Guyana, Georgetown is the capital of Guyana and is also the co ...

. More specifically, this frog is known from

Mount Roraima Mount Roraima (; ) is the highest of the Pacaraima chain of tepuis (table-top mountain) or plateaux in South America. It is located at the junction of Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela. A characteristic large flat-topped mountain surrounded by cliff ...

(its type locality; Venezuela/Guyana),

Sierra de Lema The Sierra de Lema is an upland mountain range area with tepuis, located in Bolívar state of southeastern Venezuela. The names Sierra Rinocote and Sierra Usupamo have historically been applied to its eastern and western portions, respectivel ...

in Venezuela, and Maringma-tepui in Guyana. Its actual range is probably wider and might reach into northern Brazil.

Description

''Anomaloglossus praderioi'' are relatively small frogs, though medium-sized among ''Anomaloglossus'': males measure in snout–vent length and a single female . It has a robust body with shagreened to finely granular (more granular posteriorly) skin in the dorsum.

Tadpole A tadpole or polliwog (also spelled pollywog) is the Larva, larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian. Most tadpoles are fully Aquatic animal, aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial animal, ...

s are up to in length (

Gosner stage Gosner stage is a generalized system of describing stages of embryonal and larval development in anurans (frogs and toads). The Gosner system includes 46 numbered stages, from fertilized embryo (stage 1) to the completion of metamorphosis (stage ...

31) and dark brown to black in colour; they are of benthic feeder ecomorphological type. The male advertisement call consists of long trains of a single note repeated at a rate of 61–76 notes/min.

Habitat and conservation

''Anomaloglossus praderioi'' occurs in montane medium-canopy forest at elevations between

asl American Sign Language (ASL) is a natural language that serves as the predominant sign language of Deaf communities in the United States and most of Anglophone Canada. ASL is a complete and organized visual language that is expressed by employ ...

. Specimens have been found on rocks covered by mosses and on moist soils, in areas with very low light intensity and abundant decaying vegetation. ''Anomaloglossus praderioi'' was assessed as "

data deficient A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. This does not necessaril ...

" in 2004, when it was only known from its type locality. In view that it is now known to have a wider distribution, it could now be classified as "Endangered". It occurs in the

Canaima National Park Canaima National Park () is a park in south-eastern Venezuela that roughly occupies the same area as the La Gran Sabana, Gran Sabana region. It is located in Bolívar State (Venezuela), Bolívar State, reaching the borders with Brazil and Guya ...

in Venezuela and the

Kaieteur National Park Kaieteur National Park is a national park located in the Potaro-Siparuni Region of Guyana, roughly 633 km (393.33 miles) south of Georgetown, the nation's capital, closer to the border with Brazil than to the Caribbean coast. It is widely conside ...

in Guyana.

Reproduction

Scientists have not reported oviposition but they infer that this lays eggs on land. Scientists observed one male frog carrying five tadpoles on his back. They believe the tadpoles develop in small temporary pools.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2852268 praderioi Frogs of South America Amphibians of Guyana Amphibians of Venezuela Amphibians described in 1997 Taxa named by Enrique La Marca Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Amphibians of the Tepuis