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Annenhof was the name of two separate imperial palaces in
Annenhof was the name of two separate imperial palaces in Moscow
Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
in Russia, known as the Annenhof Winter Palace and Annenhof Summer Palace, both of them designed by Bartolomeo Rastrelli
Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli (; 1700 – 29 April 1771) was an Italian architect who worked mainly in Russia. He developed an easily recognizable style of Late Baroque, both sumptuous and majestic. His major works, including the Winter Palace ...
and built in 1730–1731 on the order of Empress Anna of Russia
Anna Ioannovna (; ), also russified as Anna Ivanovna and sometimes anglicized as Anne, served as regent of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia from 1711 until 1730 and then ruled as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. Much of her administratio ...
.Евангулова О. С. Московская архитектура и ее создатели (первая половина XVIII века). — Москва: Прогресс-Традиция, 2014. — . They served as the residence of Anna and her court, as Anna preferred Moscow to Saint Petersburg.
Annenhof Winter Palace
The Annenhof Winter Palace was constructed in the city of Moscow not long from theKremlin
The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin (fortification), Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Mosco ...
. It was a one-storey wooden building. It had a central building with very large rooms, among them a throne room, and two wings. This was Anna's preferred winter residence.
In 1736, the Annenhof Winter Palace was moved to Lefortovo outside of Moscow and placed beside the Annenhof Summer Palace, essentially forming one palace. The palace burnt down in 1753, which is described in the memoirs of Catherine the Great
Catherine II. (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter I ...
. It was rebuilt in just six weeks. The palace burnt down for the last time in 1771 and was not rebuilt again. The Annenhof Summer Palace beside it had then already been torn down.
Annenhof Summer Palace
The Annenhof Summer Palace was constructed at Lefortovo outside of Moscow. In 1730,Empress Anna
Anna Ioannovna (; ), also russified as Anna Ivanovna and sometimes anglicized as Anne, served as regent of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia from 1711 until 1730 and then ruled as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. Much of her administration ...
commissioned Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli
Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli (; 1700 – 29 April 1771) was an Italian architect who worked mainly in Russia. He developed an easily recognizable style of Late Baroque, both sumptuous and majestic. His major works, including the Winter Palac ...
construct a Baroque
The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
residence known as Annenhof. It was also known as the Golovin Palace, after the previous owner of the site on which it was built, Count Fyodor Golovin, the first chancellor of the Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...
. It was a two-storey wooden building. This was Anna's preferred summer residence.
It burnt down in 1740, but was rebuilt in 1741. Empress Elizabeth held a grand banquet here after her coronation in 1742.
Catherine II, who found it rather old-fashioned and dilapidated, ordered its demolition in the 1760s and replaced it with the Catherine Palace (Moscow)
The Catherine Palace () is a Neoclassical architecture, Neoclassical residence of Catherine II of Russia on the bank of the Yauza River in Lefortovo District, Lefortovo, Moscow. It should not be confused with the much more famous Catherine Palace ...
.
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