Anna "Ola" Sologashvili ( ka, ანნა ��ლასოლოღაშვილი; 1882 – 1937) was a Georgian politician of the

Social Democratic Party The name Social Democratic Party or Social Democrats has been used by many political parties in various countries around the world. Such parties are most commonly aligned to social democracy as their political ideology. Active parties Form ...

and member of the

Constituent Assembly of Georgia The Constituent Assembly of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს დამფუძნებელი კრება, tr) was a national legislature of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was elected in February 1919 to ratify the ...

from 1919 to 1921. After the Soviet takeover of Georgia in 1921, she was part of an opposition underground and later worked as a teacher. She was tried for treason and executed in 1937. Anna Sologashvili was born into a

noble family Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy (class), aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below Royal family, royalty. Nobility has often been an Estates of the realm, estate of the rea ...

in the village of Mejvriskhevi near Gori, then part of the

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

-controlled

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

, in 1882. She graduated from the

Kharkov University The V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (), also known as Kharkiv National University or Karazin University, is a public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was founded in 1804 through the efforts of Vasily Karazin, becoming the second old ...

with a degree in history. In 1903, Sologashvili joined the Social Democratic Party and helped propagate

Marxist Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflic ...

literature in the countryside. In the split within the Social Democratic Party, she sided with the

Mensheviks The Mensheviks ('the Minority') were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903. Mensheviks held more moderate and reformist ...

against the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...

. In 1912, she was arrested for revolutionary activities, but eventually acquitted. After the

February Revolution The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of Russian Revolution, two revolutions which took place in Russia ...

overthrew the Russian monarchy in 1917, Sologashvili became member of the Georgian National Council and voted for the independence of Georgia in May 1918. She was then elected to the city council of

Tiflis Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

. In 1919, Sologashvili was elected to the Constituent Assembly of a newly independent Georgia on a Social Democratic Party ticket. She thus became one of the five women in the first democratically elected 130-member Georgian legislature. In the Assembly, she was a member of the commissions for libraries, pensions, and elections and cosponsored several bills. After the Georgian republic fell to the Bolshevik invasion in 1921, Sologashvili became involved in underground political opposition to the new regime. She was member of the Women's Committee of the Social Democratic Party of Georgia, which provided aid to political prisoners and their families. In 1922, the Committee was transformed into a multi-party underground organization, the Georgian

Political Red Cross Political Red Cross was the name borne by several organizations that provided aid to political prisoners in the Russian Empire and later in Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union. The first organization using this name was founded in St. Petersburg i ...

. After the futile anti-Soviet revolt in 1924, she was no more politically active and worked as a teacher in the recently created

South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast The South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast (; ka, სამხრეთ ოსეთის ავტონომიური ოლქი, tr; ) was an autonomous oblast of the Soviet Union created within the Georgian SSR on April 20, 1922. It was an ...

. At the height of

Stalinist Stalinism (, ) is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin and in Soviet satellite states between 1944 and 1953. Stalinism in ...

Great Purge The Great Purge, or the Great Terror (), also known as the Year of '37 () and the Yezhovshchina ( , ), was a political purge in the Soviet Union that took place from 1936 to 1938. After the Assassination of Sergei Kirov, assassination of ...

in 1937, Sologashvili was arrested and hastily tried by the

NKVD troika NKVD troika or Special troika (), in Soviet history, were the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD which would later be the beginning of the KGB) made up of three officials who issued sentences to people after simplified, speedy inve ...

for "anti-Soviet propaganda", "chauvinism", and ties with the emigre politician

Noe Ramishvili Noe Besarionis dze Ramishvili ( ka, ნოე რამიშვილი; his name is also transliterated as ''Noah'' or ''Noi''; 5 April 1881 – 7 December 1930) was a Georgian politician and the president of the first government of the Democ ...

. She was executed by firing squad the same year.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sologashvili, Anna 1882 births 1937 deaths 20th-century politicians from Georgia (country) Social Democratic Party of Georgia politicians National University of Kharkiv alumni Revolutionaries from Georgia (country) People from Georgia (country) executed by the Soviet Union 20th-century women politicians from Georgia (country)