Anna Maria Fox (21 February 1816''Barclay Fox's journal''. See Sources above for bibliographical details. – 18 November 1897) was a promoter of the

Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society The Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society (commonly known as The Poly) is an educational, cultural and scientific Charitable organization#United Kingdom, charity, as well as a local arts and cinema venue, based in Falmouth, Cornwall, England, Unite ...

and the artistic and cultural development of Falmouth in Cornwall, UK.

Family links

Anna Maria Fox was the eldest child of Robert Were Fox FRS (26 April 1789 – 25 July 1877) and Maria Barclay (1785–1858), his wife. Her father was a member of the Quaker Fox family of Falmouth and her mother of the Quaker Barclay family of Bury Hill, near

Dorking Dorking () is a market town in Surrey in South East England about south-west of London. It is in Mole Valley, Mole Valley District and the non-metropolitan district, council headquarters are to the east of the centre. The High Street runs ro ...

. Her maternal grandmother was a first cousin of

Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Fry (née Gurney; 21 May 1780 – 12 October 1845), sometimes referred to as Betsy Fry, was an English prison reformer, social reformer, philanthropist and Quaker. Fry was a major driving force behind new legislation to improve the tr ...

. Her siblings were Barclay Fox (6 September 1817 – 10 March 1855) and Caroline Fox (24 May 1819 – 12 January 1871). The family lived at Rosehill and Penjerrick She never married. With her sister, Caroline, she raised the four sons of her brother, Barclay, after the death of their parents. Anna Maria outlived her sister by sixteen years, which Thomas HodgkinBiographical article in ''Friends Quarterly Examiner'',1898. Bibliographic details in Sources, above. described as a "widowhood". She died aged 81 on 18 November 1897 and was buried at the Quaker Burial Ground in Budock, in the same plot as her sister, Caroline

The ''Journals''

In their teenage years, Robert Were Fox challenged his children to keep journals, offering a

guinea Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the northwest, Senegal to the north, Mali to the northeast, Côte d'Ivoire to the southeast, and Sier ...

reward for the first year completed. All three kept journals for many years. Anna Maria commissioned a relative by marriage, Horace Pym, to edit and publish her sister's journal. The book ''Memories of old friends'' was published by Smith, Elder & Co. ten years after Caroline Fox's death. It sold well. Before her death, Anna Maria arranged for all the original volumes of Caroline's journals to be burnt. A further selection from ''Memories of old friends'', edited by Wendy Monk, was published in 1972. ''Barclay Fox's journal'', edited by Raymond Brett, was published in 1979. Anna Maria gave instructions that "no word of my journal is to be published".

Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society

The idea for the foundation of the

was created by Anna Maria, Barclay and Caroline Fox, in 1832, when they were 17, 16 and 13, respectively. Their parents, uncles and aunts and their friends took up the idea with enthusiasm. In 1896, Anna Maria Fox was elected as Vice-Patroness of the Poly, sharing this role with the

Prince of Wales Prince of Wales (, ; ) is a title traditionally given to the male heir apparent to the History of the English monarchy, English, and later, the British throne. The title originated with the Welsh rulers of Kingdom of Gwynedd, Gwynedd who, from ...

. The ''Poly'' is based in Church Street, Falmouth and operates as a cultural venue.

Painting and art education

Fox was a good amateur painter and organised of the Art section of the Annual Exhibition at the "Poly". The Cornwall Art Union was formed in 1852, associated with the Poly. Art classes run by the Poly were a precursor of the Falmouth School of Art.

Commemoration

The first purpose-built building of the Falmouth School of Art, in Arwenack Street, was given in memory of Anna Maria Fox. The building, officially opened in August 1902 was refurbished in 2007. In 2016 a year of community-centred events celebrated Fox's 200th birthday. Led by

Scary Little Girls Scary Little Girls is an English production hub based in London and Cornwall and a charity registered in England and Wales under charity number 1136270. Most of their work revolves around literary and matrifocal themes, as well as a number of co ...

, the project gathered oral testimonies from members of the Fox family, local residents with ties to Anna Maria's legacy, and people associated with the gardens, arts school buildings and societies she founded. These histories were then commemorated with special blue fox plaques, linked together into a heritage trail by an app developed in partnership with Falmouth Arts School and University. Scary Little Girls collaborated with The Poly,

Falmouth University Falmouth University is a specialist public university for the creative industries based in Falmouth, Cornwall, Falmouth and Penryn, Cornwall, Penryn, Cornwall, England. Founded as Falmouth School of Art in 1902, it was later known as Falmouth C ...

, Falmouth School of Art, Mawnan Church of England VA Primary School, the Fox family, Falmouth History Group and heritage volunteers to document Anna Maria Fox.

Gallery: Falmouth School of Art's first building

Image:DSCN1096FalmouthSchofArtAnnexe.jpg, Falmouth School of Art - original building opened in August 1902. Image:DSCN1094FalmouthSchofArtAnnexe.jpg, Falmouth School of Art - original building - Entrance. Image:Falmouth_School_of_Art_Annexe_DSCN1095.jpg, Falmouth School of Art - original building - Foundation stone 1901.

Gallery: Wellington Terrace Primary School building

Image:DSCN1977MissAMFoxFoundationStone.jpg, Foundation stone "laid by Miss A. M. Fox of Penjerrick 22 June 1897". Image:DSCN1976FalmouthSchool.jpg, View of building, now owned by University College of Falmouth.

Pets and personality

She kept a variety of exotic pets – including marmosets, parrots, love-birds, cockatiels, canaries and avadavats. Thomas Hodgkin notes that whilst her sister Caroline was prone to sarcasm, Anna Maria always had an optimistic and less critical attitude to other people.

Travels

Robert Were Fox usually took his children on his journeys out of Cornwall. The family often attended the annual Quaker gathering in London, held in May, and met their relations and friends. Robert also took them the meetings of the

British Association The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science. Until 2009 it was known as the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BA). The current Chief ...

, held in towns around the United Kingdom and Ireland. In 1880, she visited

Palestine Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in West Asia. Recognized by International recognition of Palestine, 147 of the UN's 193 member states, it encompasses the Israeli-occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and th ...

In August, 1884, she visited Canada and the US, with her nephew, Howard Fox, to attend the

meeting in Montreal and the meeting of the BAAS with the American Association in Philadelphia, organised by

Lord Rayleigh John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh ( ; 12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919), was an English physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1904 "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery ...

Likenesses

The portrait of Anna Maria Fox by Henry Scott Tuke, reproduced in the 1897 Poly Annual Report, is currently on display at the Falmouth Gallery, in the Moor (28 June 2012). A photograph of Tuke painting Anna Maria is at the Tate Gallery. In ''Old Falmouth'' Miss Susan Gay reproduces a full-length photographic portrait "at Penjerrick Garden", opposite page 15.

Sources and references

Sources

The Journals *Fox, Caroline (1881) ''Memories of Old Friends: Caroline Fox of Penjerrick, Cornwall'' (edited by H. N. Pym, 1881; 2nd edition, 1882). * * U.S. edition, Rowman & Littlefield (1979), Totowa, N.J. Other Sources * Gay, Susan E. (1903) ''Old Falmouth: the story of the town from the days of the Killigrews to the earliest part of the Nineteenth century'', London, Headley Brothers. * .(Henry) Wilson Harris (1883–1955), journalist and author (Biographer of Caroline Fox), is the subject of an article in

ODNB The ''Dictionary of National Biography'' (''DNB'') is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history, published since 1885. The updated ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (''ODNB'') was published on 23 September ...

: Derek Hudson, 'Harris, (Henry) Wilson (1883–1955)’, rev. Marc Brodie, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 200

Retrieved 10 December 2007. His parents were Plymouth Quakers. * Thomas Hodgkin (historian), Hodgkin, Thomas (1898) "Anna Maria Fox", ''Friends Quarterly Examiner'', Vol. CXXV, 1st month 1898. pp. 115–136. * ''Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society Annual Report for 1897'', pp. v–ix Obituary of Anna Maria Fox. A photogravure of her full-face portrait by Henry Scott Tuke forms the frontispiece. * * 'Dictionary of Quaker Biography': Huge typescript resource at the Library of the Religious Society of Friends, Euston, London UK, known as "DQB".

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fox, Anna Maria Anna Maria English philanthropists English women philanthropists English Quakers People from Falmouth, Cornwall People associated with Falmouth University 1816 births 1897 deaths 19th-century British philanthropists