Anna Akhsharumova (russian: Анна Марковна Ахшарумова; born 9 January 1957,
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
) is a
Woman Grandmaster
FIDE titles are awarded by the international chess governing body FIDE (''Fédération Internationale des Échecs'') for outstanding performance. The highest such title is Grandmaster (GM). Titles generally require a combination of Elo rating an ...
of
chess
Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to dist ...
. She is married to chess
grandmaster Boris Gulko
Boris Franzevich Gulko ( rus, Борис Францевич Гулько, p=bɐˈrʲis ɡʊlʲˈko; born February 9, 1947) is a Soviet- American Grandmaster in chess. Gulko is noted to be the only person to win both the Soviet Chess Championship ...
.
Akhsharumova and her husband became famous in the late-1970s as
Soviet Refuseniks. They were finally allowed to leave the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
and immigrate to the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...
in 1986.
She won the
Women's Soviet Chess Championship
The Women's Soviet Chess Championship was played in the Soviet Union from 1927 through 1991 to determine the women's chess national champion.
The championship was not played on a regular basis in the years 1927–1937 and there was a break during ...
in 1976 and 1984.
She won the 1987
U.S. Women's Chess Championship, with a perfect score.
She played for the U.S. in the
Women's Chess Olympiad
The Women's Chess Olympiad is an event held by FIDE (the International Chess Federation) since 1957 (every two years since 1972), where national women's teams compete at chess for gold, silver and bronze medals. Since 1976 the Women's Chess Olympia ...
s of 1988, 1990 and 1996.
Her best
Elo rating
The Elo rating system is a method for calculating the relative skill levels of players in zero-sum games such as chess. It is named after its creator Arpad Elo, a Hungarian-American physics professor.
The Elo system was invented as an improved c ...
was 2400 in 1989.
References
External links
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1957 births
Living people
Chess woman grandmasters
American female chess players
Russian female chess players
Soviet female chess players
Refuseniks
21st-century American women
{{US-chess-bio-stub