Ann Petry

Ann Petry (October 12, 1908 – April 28, 1997) was an American writer of novels, short stories, children's books and journalism. Her 1946 debut novel '' The Street'' became the first novel by an African-American woman to sell more than a million copies.McKay, p. 127.

In 2019, the Library of America published a volume of her work containing ''The Street'' as well as her 1953 masterpiece ''The Narrows'' and a few shorter pieces of nonfiction.

Early life

Ann, born Anna Houston Lane, was born in Old Saybrook, Connecticut. She was the youngest of three daughters to Peter Clark Lane and Bertha James Lane. Her parents belonged to the black minority, numbering 15 inhabitants of the small town.Cott, Nancy F., and Kathryn Allamong Jacob
"New Cache of Letters Illuminates Life of African American Novelist Ann Petry"
, ''Schlesinger Newsletter'', Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University. Her father was a pharmacist and her mother was a shop owner, chiropodist, and hairdresser. Ann was also the niece of Anna Louise James. With

Ann and her sister were raised "in the classic New England tradition: a study in efficiency, thrift, and utility (…) They were filled with ambitions that they might not have entertained had they lived in a city along with thousands of poor blacks stuck in demeaning jobs."
In 1925, Ann graduated from high school as the only person of Afro-American descent.

The family had none of the trappings of the middle class until Petry was well into adulthood. Before her mother became a businesswoman, she worked in a factory, and her sisters worked as maids. The Lane girls were raised sheltered from most of the disadvantages that other black people in the United States had to experience due to the color of their skin; however there were a number of incidents of racial discrimination.

As Petry wrote in "My Most Humiliating Jim Crow Experience", published in ''Negro Digest'' in 1946, there was an incident where a racist decided that they did not want her on a beach. Her father wrote a letter to ''The Crisis'' in 1920 or 1921 complaining about a teacher who refused to teach his daughters and his niece. Another teacher humiliated her by making her read the part of Jupiter, the illiterate ex-slave in the Edgar Allan Poe short story "The Gold-Bug".

Petry had a strong family foundation with well-traveled uncles, who had many stories to tell her when coming home; her father, who overcame racial obstacles, opened a pharmacy in the small town; and her mother and aunts set a strong example: Petry, interviewed by ''The Washington Post'' in 1992, says about her tough female family members that "it never occurred to them that there were things they couldn’t do because they were women."

Career

Petry's desire to become a professional writer was raised first in high school when her English teacher read her essay to the class and commented on it with the words: "I honestly believe that you could be a writer if you wanted to." The decision to become a pharmacist was her family's. After graduating in 1929 from Old Saybrook High School, she went to college and graduated with a Ph.G. degree from the University of Connecticut College of Pharmacy in New Haven in 1931 and worked in the family business for several years, while also writing short stories.
On February 22, 1938, she married George D. Petry of New Iberia, Louisiana, and moved to New York. She worked as a journalist writing articles for newspapers including '' The Amsterdam News'' (between 1938 and 1941) and '' The People's Voice'' (1941–44),"Ann Petry"
''Encyclopædia Britannica''. and published short stories in ''The Crisis'', where her first story appeared in 1943, '' Phylon'', and other outlets. Between 1944 and 1946 she studied creative writing at Columbia University. She also worked at an after-school program at P.S. 10 in Harlem. It was during this period that she experienced and understood what the majority of the black population of the United States had to go through in their everyday life. Traversing the Harlem streets, living for the first time among large numbers of poor black people, seeing neglected children up close—Petry's early years in New York inevitably made impressions on her and led her to put her experiences to paper. Her daughter Liz explained to ''The Washington Post' that "her way of dealing with the problem was to write this book 'The Street'' which maybe was something that people who had grown up in Harlem couldn’t do."

Petry's first and most popular novel, ''The Street'', was published in 1946 and won the Houghton Mifflin Literary Fellowship with book sales exceeding one million copies. She was featured in a brief All-American News film segment covering her winning the award.

Back in Old Saybrook in 1947, Petry worked on ''Country Place'' (1947), ''The Narrows'' (1953), other stories, and books for children, but they never achieved the same success as her first book. She drew on her personal experiences of the hurricane in Old Saybrook in ''Country Place''. Although the novel is set in the immediate aftermath of World War II, Petry identified the 1938 New England hurricane as the source for the storm that is at the center of her narrative.
One of her most impactful books, was the "Harriet Tubman," an outstanding biography on the life of the most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad.

Petry was a member of the American Negro Theater and appeared in productions including ''On Striver's Row''. She also lectured at University of California, Berkeley, Miami University and Suffolk University, and was Visiting Professor of English at the University of Hawaii.

She died in Old Saybrook at the age of 88 on April 28, 1997. She was outlived by her husband George, who died in 2000, and her only daughter, Liz Petry.

In November, 2018, Tayari Jones called for a revival of Petry's acclaim, writing that Petry "is the writer we have been waiting for, hers are the stories we need to fully illuminate the questions of our moment, while also offering a page-turning good time." In her home state of Connecticut, poet and activist, Jose B. Gonzalez has also led a movement to get Petry more recognition.

Selected bibliography

*"Marie of the Cabin Club" (short story), ''Baltimore Afro-American'', 1939. Originally published under the pseudonym Arnold Petri.
*'' The Street'' (novel), Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1946; New York: Pyramid, 1961; Boston: Beacon Press, 1985; London: Michael Joseph, 1947; Ace Books, 1958; Virago, 1988.
*''Country Place'' (novel), Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1947; London: Michael Joseph, 1948; Chatham, NJ: Chatham Bookseller, 1971. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2019.
*'' The Drugstore Cat'' (for children; illus. Susanne Suba), New York: Crowell, 1949; Boston: Beacon, 1988.
*''The Narrows'' (novel), Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1953. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2017.
*'' Tituba of Salem Village'' (historical novel for children), 1955, New York: Crowell, 1964; Harper trophy, 1991.
*''Harriet Tubman: Conductor On The Underground Railroad'' (non-fiction), New York: Crowell, 1955; as ''The Girl Called Moses: The Story of Harriet Tubman'', London: Methuen, 1960.
*''Legends of the Saints'' (illus. Anne Rockwell), New York: Crowell, 1970.
*''Miss Muriel and Other Stories'' (story collection), Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1971. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2017.
*'' In Darkness and Confusion'' (short story), published in 1947.

References

;Sources

*Condon, Garret, "Ann Petry", ''Hartford Courant Northeast'', November 8, 1992.
*Contemporary Authors Autobiography Series, Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1988.
*
*
*McKay, Nellie, "Ann Petry's ''The Street'' and ''The Narrows'': A Study of the Influence of Class, Race, and Gender on Afro-American Women's Lives", in Maria Diedrich and Dorothea Fischer-Hornung (eds), ''Women and War'', New York: Berg, 1990.
*Petry, Elisabeth (ed.),''Can Anything Beat White? A Black Family’s Letters''. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2005.
*Petry, Elisabeth, ''At Home Inside: A Daughter's Tribute to Ann Petry''. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2008.
*"English and the Urban Scene", speech delivered to Hartford Public High School's English Department and NDEA Institute of Trinity College, March 6, 1969.

External links

Ann Petry papers
Mugar Memorial Library Boston, Massachusetts

Ann Petry Manuscripts
Howard Gottlieb Archival Research Center
* Ann Petry Manuscripts. James Weldon Johnson Collection in the Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Petry, Ann Lane
1908 births
1997 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American women novelists
American women journalists
Novelists from Connecticut
20th-century American women writers
African-American novelists
20th-century American biographers
American women biographers
African-American short story writers
20th-century American short story writers
People from Old Saybrook, Connecticut
University of Connecticut alumni
20th-century African-American women writers
20th-century African-American writers
African-American women novelists
African-American women short story writers