''Anisoptera''Korthals PW (1841) In: ''Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Ned. Bezitt., Bot.'' 65 is a genus of

plant Plants are the eukaryotes that form the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic. This means that they obtain their energy from sunlight, using chloroplasts derived from endosymbiosis with c ...

s in the family

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae is a family (biology), family of flowering plants with 22 genera and about 695 known species of mainly lowland tropical forest trees. Their distribution is pantropical, from northern South America to Africa, the Seychelles, India ...

. It contains ten species distributed from

Chittagong Chittagong ( ), officially Chattogram, (, ) (, or ) is the second-largest city in Bangladesh. Home to the Port of Chittagong, it is the busiest port in Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal. The city is also the business capital of Bangladesh. It ...

in southeast of

Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

. Eight out of the ten species are currently listed on the

IUCN Red List The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is an inventory of the global conservation status and extinction risk of biological ...

. Of these, four species are listed as

critically endangered An IUCN Red List critically endangered (CR or sometimes CE) species is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. As of December 2023, of t ...

and the other four as

endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, inv ...

. The main threat is

habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease ...

Taxonomy

The name ''Anisoptera'' is derived from

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

' “unequal” and ' “wing” describing the trees' unequal fruit calyx lobes.

Characteristics

Its bark is flaky and has vertical cracks. Its wood is pale and yellowish, it makes light hardwood

timber Lumber is wood that has been processed into uniform and useful sizes (dimensional lumber), including beams and planks or boards. Lumber is mainly used for construction framing, as well as finishing (floors, wall panels, window frames). ...

Species

Ten species are accepted: * '' Anisoptera aurea'' – Philippines * '' Anisoptera costata'' – Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Philippines * ''

Anisoptera curtisii ''Anisoptera curtisii'' is a species of flowering plant in the family ''Dipterocarpaceae''. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name u ...

'' – Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra * '' Anisoptera grossivenia'' – Borneo * ''

Anisoptera laevis ''Anisoptera laevis'' is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The specific epithet ''laevis'' means "smooth", referring to the leaves. Description ''Anisoptera laevis'' grows as an emergent tree up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . ...

'' – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo * ''

Anisoptera marginata ''Anisoptera marginata'' is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The Binomial nomenclature, specific epithet ''marginata'' means "bordered", referring to the leaf veins. Description ''Anisoptera marginata'' grows up to tall, with a trunk diam ...

'' – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo * ''

Anisoptera megistocarpa ''Anisoptera megistocarpa'' is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. ...

'' – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra * ''

Anisoptera reticulata ''Anisoptera reticulata'' is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The specific epithet ''reticulata'' means "netted", referring to the leaf veins. Description ''Anisoptera reticulata'' grows up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . It has ...

'' – western and northwestern Borneo * ''

Anisoptera scaphula ''Anisoptera scaphula'' is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is native to Bangladesh, Peninsular Malaysia, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand. Description ''Anisoptera scaphula'' is a tall tree, reaching a height of and a girth of . ...

'' – Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Vietnam * ''

Anisoptera thurifera ''Anisoptera thurifera'' is a tree species in the family Dipterocarpaceae. This Asian species has been recorded from Bangladesh through to New Guinea; the IUCN has categorised it as Vulnerable. Subspecies The Catalogue of Life The Catalogue ...

'' – Philippines, Sulawesi, Maluku, and New Guinea NB: ''Anisoptera parvifolia'' Warb. is a synonym of ''

Hopea ''Hopea'' is a genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It contains some 113 species, distributed from Sri Lanka and southern India to the Andaman Islands, Myanmar, southern China, and southward throughout Malesia to New Guinea. They are ...

parvifolia'' (Warb.) Slooten

References

External links

* * {{- Dipterocarpaceae genera