The Anglo-Isaaq conflicts were a series of confrontations between

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...

forces and the

Isaaq Sultanate The Isaaq Sultanate (, Wadaad's writing, Wadaad: , ) was a Muslims, Muslim sultanate that ruled parts of the Horn of Africa in the 18th and 19th centuries. The kingdom spanned the territories of the Isaaq clan in modern-day Somaliland and Ethiopi ...

and the

Isaaq The Isaaq (, , ''Banu Ishaq'') is a major Somali clans, Somali clan. It is one of the largest Somali clan families in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. The Isaaq people claim in a traditional legend ...

clan in

Somaliland Somaliland, officially the Republic of Somaliland, is an List of states with limited recognition, unrecognised country in the Horn of Africa. It is located in the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden and bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, E ...

from 1825 to 1945. The first of these conflicts occurred in 1825, when a British ship named the ''Mary Anne'' was attacked, sacked, and plundered by Isaaq forces in the port city of

Berbera Berbera (; , ) is the capital of the Sahil, Somaliland, Sahil region of Somaliland and is the main sea port of the country, located approximately 160 km from the national capital, Hargeisa. Berbera is a coastal city and was the former capital of t ...

. The attack led to a British blockade of the city and subsequent negotiations with the Sultanate. Further incidents occurred in the 1850s, notably with the Attack on British exploring expeditions and the Blockade of Berbera (1855), which were key points of friction between the British and the Isaaq. the dangers and the costs put off new British expeditions in the region until the 1880s. After the establishment of the

British Somaliland Protectorate British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate (), was a protectorate of the United Kingdom in modern Somaliland. It was bordered by Italian Somalia, French Somali Coast and Abyssinia ( Italian Ethiopia from 1936-1941). From 19 ...

in 1884, tensions continued between the Isaaq and British authorities. These conflicts, though interspersed with treaties and agreements, ultimately resulted in the incorporation of Isaaq territories into British Somaliland, shaping the political landscape of the region for decades. The Isaaq led several rebellions against colonial rule, including the isaaq resistance leading up to the 1922 Burao Tax Revolt, a significant uprising against unfair taxation, and the 1945 Sheikh Bashir Rebellion, which was motivated by political and religious grievances.

References

{{Reflist 19th-century conflicts 20th-century conflicts British Somaliland Conflicts in Africa Invasions by the United Kingdom Somaliland–United Kingdom relations Wars involving Somaliland Wars involving the British Empire History of Somaliland Military history of Somalia History of Somalia Military history of Somaliland

See also

References