''Angiopteris'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of huge

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...

fern A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except ...

s from the family

Marattiaceae Marattiaceae is the only family of extant (living) ferns in the order Marattiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Marattiales is the only order in the subclass Marattiidae. The family has six genera and about ...

, found throughout the

paleotropics The Paleotropical Kingdom (Paleotropis) is a floristic kingdom comprising tropical areas of Africa, Asia and Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand), as proposed by Ronald Good and Armen Takhtajan. Part of its flora, inherited from the anc ...

from

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...

to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping

rhizomes In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...

are sometimes segregated into the genus '' Archangiopteris'', and a once-pinnate monotypic segregate genus has been called '' Macroglossum'', but molecular data supports inclusion of these taxa within a broad concept of ''Angiopteris''. '' Angiopteris evecta'' has been introduced and naturalized in Hawaii, Jamaica, and parts of Central America, where it has become an invasive weed in lower elevation drainages. They feature a large, erect, woody rhizome with a wide base supported by thick roots. The fronds are deltoid, pinnate, long, with spreading leaflets.Ellison, Don (1999) Cultivated Plants of the World. London: New Holland (1st ed.: Brisbane: Flora Publications International, 1995) ''Angiopteris'' is unique among ferns in having explosively dispersed spores, thought to be caused by the cavitation of an airspace between spore layers. The basal

chromosome A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins ar ...

number for this genus is ''2n=80''. The type species is '' Angiopteris evecta''.

Species

''Angiopteris'' taxonomy is poorly understood, with nearly 200 poorly defined species having been named, only a small handful of which are recognized in modern floras. , World Ferns recognized the following species: *'' Angiopteris angustifolia'' C.Presl *'' Angiopteris annamensis'' C.Chr. & Tardieu *''

Angiopteris bipinnata ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the Oceania, South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are ...

'' (Ching) J.M.Camus *''

Angiopteris brooksii ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Copel. *'' Angiopteris cadierei'' (C.Chr. & Tardieu) Govaerts & Christenh. *''

Angiopteris cartilagidens ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are someti ...

'' Christ *'' Angiopteris caudatiformis'' Hieron. *''

Angiopteris chingii ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' J.M.Camus *''

Angiopteris chongsengiana ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Senterre & I.Fabre *''

Angiopteris cochinchinensis ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' de Vriese *''

Angiopteris confertinervia ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Ching ex C.Chr. & Tardieu *''

Angiopteris crassipes ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the Oceania, South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are ...

'' Wall. *''

Angiopteris danaeoides ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Z.R.He & Christenh. *''

Angiopteris dianyuecola ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Z.R.He & W.M.Chu *''

Angiopteris elliptica ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Alderw. *'' Angiopteris evecta'' (G.Forst.) Hoffm. *''

Angiopteris ferox ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Copel. *''

Angiopteris fokiensis ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Hieron. *''

Angiopteris helferiana ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' C.Presl *''

Angiopteris hokouensis ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are so ...

'' Ching *'' Angiopteris holttumii'' C.Chr. *''

Angiopteris itoi ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' (W.C.Shieh) J.M.Camus *'' Angiopteris javanica'' C.Presl *'' Angiopteris latipinna'' (Ching) Z.R.He, W.M.Chu & Christenh. *'' Angiopteris lygodiifolia'' Rosenst. *''

Angiopteris madagascariensis ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are somet ...

'' de Vriese *'' Angiopteris marchionica'' E.D.Br. *'' Angiopteris microura'' Copel. *''

Angiopteris oblanceolata ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometim ...

'' Ching & Chu H.Wang *''

Angiopteris opaca ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are so ...

'' Copel. *'' Angiopteris paucinervis'' W.M.Chu & Z.R.He *''

Angiopteris pruinosa ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the Oceania, South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are ...

'' Kunze *''

Angiopteris rapensis ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are someti ...

'' E.D.Br. *'' Angiopteris remota'' Ching & Chu H.Wang *''

Angiopteris smithii ''Angiopteris smithii'' is a species of fern in the family Marattiaceae, which is native to Borneo, the Philippines, and Sulawesi. Unlike other forms of ''Angiopteris'' species, it is once-pinnate with huge leaflets up to long and wide. Refer ...

'' Racib. *'' Angiopteris somae'' (Hayata) Makino & Nemoto *'' Angiopteris sparsisora'' Ching *'' Angiopteris subcuspidata'' Rosenst. *'' Angiopteris subrotundata'' (Ching) Z.R.He & Christenh. *''

Angiopteris sugongii ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are so ...

'' Gui L.Zhang, J.Y.Xiang & Ting Wang *'' Angiopteris tamdaoensis'' (Hayata) J.Y.Xiang & T.Wang *'' Angiopteris tonkinensis'' (Hayata) J.M.Camus *''

Angiopteris undulatostriata ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are someti ...

'' Hieron. *''

Angiopteris versteegii ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are s ...

'' Alderw. *''

Angiopteris wangii ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are so ...

'' Ching *''

Angiopteris winkleri ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are s ...

'' Rosenst. *''

Angiopteris yunnanensis ''Angiopteris'' is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes ...

'' Hieron.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q4763285 Marattiidae Fern genera