Andrew Stewart, 1st Baron Castle Stuart (1560–1629) was a Scottish nobleman, soldier, courtier to King

James VI and I James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 M ...

and one of the chief undertakers in the

Ulster Plantation The Plantation of Ulster (; Ulster Scots: ) was the organised colonisation (''plantation'') of Ulstera province of Irelandby people from Great Britain during the reign of King James VI and I. Small privately funded plantations by wealthy lan ...

. Stuart resigned his title "Lord Ochiltree" and was made "Baron Castle Stuart".

Biography

Described as 'a nobleman of impeccable background and proven military ability', he was the only son and heir of Andrew Stewart (d.1578),

Master Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

Ochiltree Ochiltree is a conservation village in East Ayrshire, Scotland, near Auchinleck and Cumnock. It is one of the oldest villages in East Ayrshire, with archaeological remains indicating Stone Age and Bronze Age settlers. A cinerary urn was found i ...

, and

Margaret Margaret is a feminine given name, which means "pearl". It is of Latin origin, via Ancient Greek and ultimately from Iranian languages, Old Iranian. It has been an English language, English name since the 11th century, and remained popular thro ...

, daughter of his first cousin

Henry Stewart, 2nd Lord Methven Lord Methven was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created on 17 July 1528 by King James V of Scotland for his stepfather Henry Stewart. The title became extinct on the death of the grantee's grandson in the 1580s. The title takes its na ...

Methven Castle Methven Castle is a privately owned 17th-century house situated east of Methven, in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. History The lands of Methven were owned by the Mowbray family from the 12th century. The Mowbrays supported the claim of John Bal ...

. He was the grandson of

Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree (c. 1521–1591) fought for the Scottish Reformation. His daughter married John Knox and he played a part in the defeat of Mary, Queen of Scots at the battle of Langside. Biography Andrew's father, Andrew Stewar ...

, whose title he succeeded to after his father predeceased his grandfather. He became a

General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ...

in the

Artillery Artillery consists of ranged weapons that launch Ammunition, munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and l ...

and held the office of General of

Edinburgh Castle Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock (Edinburgh), Castle Rock, which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age. There has been a royal castle on the rock since the reign of Malcol ...

. He was appointed to the court position of

Gentleman of the Bedchamber Gentleman of the Bedchamber was a title in the Royal Household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain. A Lord of the Bedchamber was a courtier in the Royal Households of the United Kingdo ...

on 12 January 1587. On the death of his grandfather in 1591, he became the 3rd

Lord Ochiltree Lord Ochiltree (or Ochiltrie) of Lord Stuart of Ochiltree was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. In 1542 Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale (see the Earl Castle Stewart for earlier history of the family) exchanged the lordship of Avondale with ...

and inherited estates in

Galloway Galloway ( ; ; ) is a region in southwestern Scotland comprising the counties of Scotland, historic counties of Wigtownshire and Kirkcudbrightshire. It is administered as part of the council areas of Scotland, council area of Dumfries and Gallow ...

and

Strathclyde Strathclyde ( in Welsh language, Welsh; in Scottish Gaelic, Gaelic, meaning 'strath

alley An alley or alleyway is a narrow lane, footpath, path, or passageway, often reserved for pedestrians, which usually runs between, behind, or within buildings in towns and cities. It is also a rear access or service road (back lane), or a path, w ...

of the River Clyde') was one of nine former Local government in Scotland, local government Regions and districts of Scotland, regions of Scotland cre ...

. In August 1592 the king sent him to raid the House of Row in

Liddesdale Liddesdale is a district in the Roxburghshire, County of Roxburgh, southern Scotland. It includes the area of the valley of the Liddel Water that extends in a south-westerly direction from the vicinity of Peel Fell to the River Esk, Dumfries and ...

to catch counterfeiters and their coining irons who were working for the rebel

Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell (c. December 1562 – November 1612), was Commendator of Kelso Abbey and Coldingham Priory, a Privy Counsellor and Lord High Admiral of Scotland. He was a notorious conspirator who led several uprisings aga ...

. He joined forces with his brother-in-law, the laird of Ferniehirst, or Andrew Ker of Jedburgh, and captured two men at Row, a number of 30 shilling coins, and the coining irons in the tower, but the master coiner escaped to England. He was lieutenant and warden of the West March of Scotland in 1597, and James VI granted him

Torthorwald Castle Torthorwald Castle is a large ruined rectangular tower at the centre of the village of Torthorwald just outside Dumfries in south west Scotland. History The first castle on the site was an earthwork motte-and-bailey built in the 12th century. ...

. Torthorwald had belonged to James Douglas of Parkhead who killed Ochiltree's uncle,

James Stewart, Earl of Arran Captain James Stewart, Earl of Arran (died 1595) was created Earl of Arran by the young King James VI, who wrested the title from James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran. He rose to become Lord Chancellor of Scotland and was eventually murdered in 1 ...

. A warrant from James VI dated July 1598 to the

treasurer A treasurer is a person responsible for the financial operations of a government, business, or other organization. Government The treasury of a country is the department responsible for the country's economy, finance and revenue. The treasure ...

Walter Stewart of Blantyre Walter Stewart, 1st Lord Blantyre (1555–1617) was a Scottish courtier and politician. He was Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland from 1582 to 1596 and Treasurer of Scotland from 1596 to 1599. Early life He was born , the son of Sir John ...

, requests 3,000

merks The merk () is a long-obsolete Scotland, Scottish silver coin. Originally the same word as a Mark (currency), money mark of silver, the merk was in circulation at the end of the 16th century and in the 17th century. It was originally valued at 1 ...

to be used to redeem jewels belonging to the queen which he had pledged for a loan. The 3,000 merks was given to Andrew Stuart, who paid off the loan (possibly from

George Heriot George Heriot (15 June 1563 – 12 February 1624) was a Scottish goldsmith and philanthropist. He is chiefly remembered today as the founder of George Heriot's School, a large independent school in Edinburgh; his name has also been given to H ...

) and redeemed two of the queen's jewels. In 1608, he was sent by the King to quell feuds in the

Western Isles The Outer Hebrides ( ) or Western Isles ( , or ), sometimes known as the Long Isle or Long Island (), is an island chain off the west coast of mainland Scotland. It is the longest archipelago in the British Isles. The islands form part ...

, taking with him his uncle, John Knox. His orders including the destruction of shipping, named in his commissions as

lymphad 200px A lymphad or galley is a charge used primarily in Scottish heraldry. It is a single-masted ship propelled by oars. In addition to the mast and oars, the lymphad has three flags and a basket. The word comes from the Scottish Gaelic ''long ...

s, galleys, and

birlinn The birlinn () or West Highland galley was a wooden vessel propelled by sail and oar, used extensively in the Hebrides and West Highlands of Scotland from the Middle Ages on. Variants of the name in English and Scots language, Lowland Scots inc ...

s belonging to rebellious subjects. Though successful in this campaign, the King had no money with which to reward his military service and instead (in 1609) offered him 3,000

acres The acre ( ) is a unit of land area used in the British imperial and the United States customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one chain by one furlong (66 by 660 feet), which is exactly equal to 10 square chains, ...

of land in

County Tyrone County Tyrone (; ) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland. Its county town is Omagh. Adjoined to the south-west shore of Lough Neagh, the cou ...

, which included the Manors of Castlestewart and later Manor Forward, encompassing the area around Farlough and Roughan, all in the Barony of

Dungannon Dungannon (, ) is a town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the second-largest town in the county (after Omagh) and had a population of 16,282 at the United Kingdom Census 2011, 2021 Census. The Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Counci ...

. He was one of the chief 'planters' or 'undertakers' in the

and in 1611 he settled on these estates. He built houses, farmed the land, constructed

Roughan Castle Roughan may refer to: *Roughan, a townland in Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council (, Ulster Scots dialects, Ulster Scots: ''Rathgannon an Sooth Owenslanngh Cooncil'') was a local council in Nort ...

and provided housing and employment for the local populace. He lived at Irry, which was later renamed Stuart Hall by his descendants. In 1615, with the King's consent, to raise money he resigned the feudal Barony of Ochiltree and sold it to his first cousin,

Sir James Stuart ''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as part of ...

, son of

. As compensation, in 1619,

raised him to the

Peerage of Ireland The peerage of Ireland consists of those Peerage, titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lordship of Ireland, Lord or Monarchy of Ireland, King of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great B ...

and created him

Baron Castle Stewart Earl Castle Stewart, in the County Tyrone, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1800 for Andrew Stuart, 1st Earl Castle Stewart, Andrew Thomas Stewart, 9th Baron Castle Stuart. The current holder is Andrew Stuart, 9th Earl Ca ...

. No parliament sat between the years of 1615 and 1634, so he never voted.

Family

In 1587, he married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Kennedy of

Blairquhan Castle Blairquhan ( , ) is a Regency era The Regency era of British history is commonly understood as the years between and 1837, although the official regency for which it is named only spanned the years 1811 to 1820. King George III first suf ...

Ayrshire Ayrshire (, ) is a Counties of Scotland, historic county and registration county, in south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. The lieutenancy areas of Scotland, lieutenancy area of Ayrshire and Arran covers the entirety ...

. They were the parents of five children: *Sir Andrew Stewart (1590-1639) 1st Baronet & 2nd Baron Castle Stewart; married Anne, daughter of

John Stewart, 5th Earl of Atholl John Stewart, 5th Earl of Atholl, (1563–1595) was a Scottish landowner. John Stewart was the son of John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl and Margaret Fleming, daughter of Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming and Janet Stewart. In 1578 he married ...

and Marie Ruthven *John Stewart (d.1685), 5th Baron Castle Stewart; died unmarried * Robert Stewart, of Irry (1598-1662),

; ancestor of the Earls of Castle Stewart *Margaret Stewart, married George Crawford of

Crawfordsburn Crawfordsburn () is a small village in County Down, Northern Ireland. The village, which is now effectively a commuter town, lies between Holywood and Bangor to the north of the A2 road, about 4 km west of Bangor city centre. Bounded to ...

County Down County Down () is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the traditional thirty-two counties of Ireland. It covers an area of and has a population of 552,261. It borders County Antrim to the ...

*Maria Stewart, married John Kennedy, ancestor of the Kennedys of

Cultra Cultra ( - ) is an affluent residential neighbourhood near Holywood, County Down, Northern Ireland. It is part of Greater Belfast. It is in the Ards and North Down Borough Council area. Cultra is home to the Royal North of Ireland Yacht ...

*Anna Stewart, died unmarried Mary Kennedy, Lady Ochiltree helped bring up Princess Elizabeth at

Linlithgow Palace The ruins of Linlithgow Palace are located in the town of Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, west of Edinburgh. The palace was one of the principal residences of the monarchs of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland in the 15th and 16th ce ...

Mary Anne Everett Green Mary Anne Everett Green ( Wood; 19 July 1818 – 1 November 1895) was an English historian and archival editor. After establishing a reputation for scholarship with two multi-volume books on royal ladies and noblewomen, she was invited to assis ...

, ''Elizabeth Queen of Bohemia'' (London, 1902), p. 3. He is the ancestor of the Earls of Castle Stewart through his third son, Robert Stewart of Irry.

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Castle Stuart, Andrew Stuart, 1st Baron 1560 births 1629 deaths Nobility from East Ayrshire

Andrew Andrew is the English form of the given name, common in many countries. The word is derived from the , ''Andreas'', itself related to ''aner/andros'', "man" (as opposed to "woman"), thus meaning "manly" and, as consequence, "brave", "strong", "c ...

Scottish generals 17th-century Scottish peers Barons in the Peerage of Ireland Peers of Ireland created by James I Court of James VI and I Ochiltree, Andrew Stuart, 3rd Lord