Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...
region of south-western
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...
.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Andreinais'' or ''Andreinaises''
Geography
Location
Andrein is a béarnaise commune located on the left bank of the
Gave d'Oloron
The Gave d'Oloron is a river of south-western France near the border with Spain. It takes its name from the city Oloron-Sainte-Marie, where it is formed from the rivers Gave d'Aspe and Gave d'Ossau. It joins the Gave de Pau in Peyrehorade to ...
5 kilometres east of
Sauveterre-de-Béarn
Sauveterre-de-Béarn (, literally ''Sauveterre of Béarn''; oc, Sauvatèrra; eu, Salbaterra Bearno) is a medieval village perched above the Gave d'Oloron and facing the Pyrenees in south-western France. It is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atl ...
and some 16 km south-west of
Orthez
Orthez (; eu, Ortheze; oc, Ortès, ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, and region of New Aquitaine, southwestern France.
It lies 40 km NW of Pau on the Southern railway to Bayonne. The town also encompasses the sm ...
. Access to the commune is by road D27 from Sauveterre-de-Bearn passing through the commune and the village and continuing east to
Laàs
Laàs (; oc, Lars) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.
Neighbouring villages include Orriule to the north, Andrein to the north-west, Narp to the east, Barraute-Camu to the west, and Montfort to the s ...
. The D23 road from Burgaronne to L'Hôpital-d'Orion also passes through the north of the commune. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.Google Maps /ref>
Hydrography
Located in the
Drainage basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...
of the Adour, the southern border of the commune is formed by the
Gave d'Oloron
The Gave d'Oloron is a river of south-western France near the border with Spain. It takes its name from the city Oloron-Sainte-Marie, where it is formed from the rivers Gave d'Aspe and Gave d'Ossau. It joins the Gave de Pau in Peyrehorade to ...
. Numerous streams flow south through the commune to the Gave d'Oloron including the Malourau and the Lourou which forms the eastern border. The northern border is formed by the Arrec Heurre which flows west to eventually join the Gave d'Oleron east of
Abitain
Abitain (; eu, Abitaine) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.
The inhabitants are known as ''Abitainois'', or ''Abitaonoises''.
Geography
Location
Abitain is bordered ...
IGN
''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa dist ...
Neighbouring communes and villages
Toponymy
The commune name in
Béarnese dialect
Béarnese (endonym or ) designates the whole of the Occitano-Romance languages of Béarn.
Linguistics does not distinguish Béarnese from Gascon; these languages form a homogeneous whole within the Pyrenees-Atlantic-Garonne triangle. The origi ...
Occitan Occitan may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain.
* Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France.
* Occitan language
Occitan (; ...
is ''Andrenh''.
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval is a French historian and linguist
Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects ...
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval is a French historian and linguist
Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects ...
, ''Dictionary of placenames - Pyrénées-Atlantiques'', 2009, Archives and Culture, indicated that the name actually came from the family name ''Andréas'' with the suffix ''-enh''. She also mentioned that the villagers were once called "cherry eaters".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
Sources:
*
Raymond
Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ...
Diocese of Oloron The former Roman Catholic Diocese of Oloron was a Latin rite bishopric in Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Aquitaine region of south-west France, from the 6th to the 19th century.
History
The diocese of Oleron already existed in the 6th cen ...
Manuscripts from the 17th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Navarrenx: Notaries of
Navarrenx
Navarrenx (; oc, Navarrencs, ; eu, Nabarrengose, eu, label= Zuberoan, Nabarrenkoxe) is a town and commune in the French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (Béarn) and the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
The demonym is Navarre. Since 2014, th ...
Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Denombrement: Denombremont of AndreinManuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
History
Paul Raymond on page 6 of his 1863 dictionary noted that the commune had a
Lay Abbey
Lay may refer to:
Places
*Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada
*Lay, Loire, a French commune
*Lay (river), France
* Lay, Iran, a village
* Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community
People
* Lay (surname) ...
, a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn.
In 1385 Andrein reported 17
fires
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.
At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are p ...
and depended on the
bailiwick
A bailiwick () is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff's functions under a royal or imperial writ. The bailiwick is probably modelled on t ...
of Sauveterre.
Administration
List of Successive Mayors
Inter-communality
The commune is part of five intercommunal structures:Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques , Cellule informatique préfecture 64, consulted on 9 November 2011
*the inter-communal centre for Social Action of Sauveterre-de-Béarn;
*the Communauté de communes du Béarn des Gaves;
*the inter-communal association for the Gaves and of Saleys;
*the AEP association for the Saleys region;
*the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Demography
In 2017 the commune had 131 inhabitants.
Economy
Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The town is part of the
Appellation d'origine contrôlée
An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical bo ...
(AOC) zone of
Ossau-iraty
Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan- Basque cheese made from sheep milk.
Origin
Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in B ...
.
Culture and Heritage
Environmental heritage
The Touron de Larochelle is 195 metres high.
Notable people linked to the commune
*
Emmanuel Berl
Emmanuel Berl (2 August 1892 – 21 September 1976) was a French journalist, historian and essayist. He was born at Le Vésinet in the modern ''département'' of Yvelines, and is buried in the Montparnasse Cemetery, Paris. In 1937 he married the s ...