Ancyloceratoidea
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Ancyloceratoidea, formerly Ancylocerataceae, is a superfamily of typically uncoiled and loosely coiled heteromorph
ammonoids Ammonoids are extinct, (typically) coiled-shelled cephalopods comprising the subclass Ammonoidea. They are more closely related to living octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish (which comprise the clade Coleoidea) than they are to nautiluses (family N ...
established by
Alpheus Hyatt Alpheus Hyatt (April 5, 1838 – January 15, 1902) was an American zoologist and palaeontologist. Hyatt served as the founding president of the American Society of Naturalists from 1883 to 1884 and was the founding editor of the journal '' T ...
in 1900, that may contain as many as 11 families, depending on the classification accepted.


Taxonomy

The
taxonomy image:Hierarchical clustering diagram.png, 280px, Generalized scheme of taxonomy Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme o ...
content, or
families Family (from ) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictability, structure, and safety as ...
, of the Ancycloceratoidea has grown over the year, partly with the addition of newly defined families and partly with the moving of families from other superfamilies. Arkell, ''et al.'' (1957) in the
Treatise A treatise is a Formality, formal and systematic written discourse on some subject concerned with investigating or exposing the main principles of the subject and its conclusions."mwod:treatise, Treatise." Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Acc ...
Part L included just the
Ancyloceratidae Ancyloceratidae is a family of heteromorphic Ammonitida, ammonites that lived during the Early Cretaceous. Their shells begin as a loose spiral with whorls not touching which then turns into a straight shaft that ends in a J-shape hook or bend ...
Meek 1876, Bochianitidae Spath 1922,
Hemihoplitidae Hemihoplitidae is an extinct family of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the superfamily Ancyloceratoidea. Fossils of species within this genus have been found in the Cretaceous rocks of southeastern France, Mexico, Slovakia, South Africa and Tri ...
Spath 1924, and Heteroceratidae Hyatt 1900 within the Ancylocerataceae. The
Crioceratitidae Crioceratitidae is an extinct cephalopod family belonging to the subclass Ammonoidea and included in the order Ammonitida. Genera * '' Acantholytoceras'' Spath, 1932 * ''Balearites ''Balearites'' is an extinct ancyloceratin genus included i ...
Wright 1952 was considered a subfamily, the Crioceratitinae, within the Ancycloceratidae, the other being the Ancyloceratinae. Families recognized in the Treatise and subsequently removed to the Ancycloceratoidea from other taxa include the Ptychoceratidae Meek 1876, Macroschaphitidae Hyatt 1900, and Labeceratidae Spath 1925. Those established since include the
Acrioceratidae Acrioceratidae is a family of heteromorph ammonites included in the Ancyloceratoidea comprising ancyloceratid-like forms that start off with a coiled juvenile section, followed by a straight or curved shaft ending in a hook. Two described gener ...
Vermeulen 2004, Himantoceratidae Dimitrova 1970, Leptoceratoididae Thieuloy 1966. The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, placed the Ancylocerataceae in the suborder
Lytoceratina Lytoceratina is a suborder of Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonites that produced loosely coiled, evolute and gyroconic shells in which the sutural element are said to have complex moss-like endings. Morphologic characteristics Shells are generally ...
along with the Lytocerataceae, Turrilitaceae, and Scaphitaceae, with superfamily endings as then used. The Ancyloceratoidea is now generally accepted as being within the separate suborder from the Ammonitida, the
Ancyloceratina The Ancyloceratina were a diverse suborder of ammonite most closely related to the ammonites of order Lytoceratina. They evolved during the Late Jurassic but were not very common until the Cretaceous period, when they rapidly diversified and beca ...
established by Wiedmann in 1966.


Phylogeny

There are two main competing theories regarding the origin of the Ancyloceratoidea, and Ancyloceratina (unless polyphyletic). The first derives the Ancycloceratoidea, and by inference the Ancyloceratina, from the Lytoceratina late in the Jurassic through the ancestral Bochianitidae. The other derives the Ancyloceratina, including the Ancyloceratoidea, from the
Ammonitida Ammonitida, or true ammonites, are an order of Ammonoidea, ammonoid cephalopods that lived from the Jurassic through Paleocene time periods, commonly with intricate ammonitic sutures. Ammonitida is divided into four suborders, the Phylloceratina ...
during the Early Cretaceous.


Renaming

Ancyloceratoidea was renamed from Ancylocerataceae to accordance with the
ICZN The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its formal author, t ...
which gives invertebrate superfamilies the name suffix which was formerly used for subclasses.


References


External links


Ancyloceratoidea
Paleobiology Database 16 Mar 2013

jsdammonite

{{Taxonbar, from=Q4753140 Ammonitida superfamilies Cretaceous first appearances Cretaceous extinctions