Anatol Heintz (9 February 1898 – 23 February 1975) was a Russo-Norwegian

palaeontologist Paleontology, also spelled as palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of the life of the past, mainly but not exclusively through the study of fossils. Paleontologists use fossils as a means to classify organisms, measure geolo ...

. He was born in

Petrograd Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of 5,601, ...

to the geophysicist Yevgeniy Alfredovich Heintz (1869–1918) and Olga Fyodorovna Hoffmann (1871–1958). He had two older siblings. In 1919 the family fled to Norway. He studied at the

Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry The National College of Art and Design () was established in 1818. In 1996, the National College of Art and Design became part of Oslo National Academy of the Arts (''Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo'', KHiO), along with the Norwegian National Academy of ...

from 1919 to 1920 and at the

Royal Frederick University The University of Oslo (; ) is a public research university located in Oslo, Norway. It is the oldest university in Norway. Originally named the Royal Frederick University, the university was established in 1811 as the de facto Norwegian conti ...

from 1920, where he graduated in

palaeontology Paleontology, also spelled as palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of the life of the past, mainly but not exclusively through the study of fossils. Paleontologists use fossils as a means to classify organisms, measure geo ...

in 1928. He was then hired as a curator at the Paleontological Museum of

Tøyen Tøyen is a residential area in the central parts of Oslo, Norway, part of the borough of Gamle Oslo. Location There are two different stations which carry the name Tøyen. Tøyen Railway Station is located on the Gjøvik Line, while Tøyen (st ...

. He took the

dr.philos. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...

degree in 1932 on the thesis ''The Structure of Dinichthys. A Contribution to our Knowledge of the Arthrodira''. As a researcher he was inspired by Johan Kiær, and specialized in ancient fish, conducting paleontological expeditions to

Svalbard Svalbard ( , ), previously known as Spitsbergen or Spitzbergen, is a Norway, Norwegian archipelago that lies at the convergence of the Arctic Ocean with the Atlantic Ocean. North of continental Europe, mainland Europe, it lies about midway be ...

. In 1939 he published ''Cephalaspida from Downtonian of Norway'', about

cephalaspid Cephalaspidida is an extinct order of jawless fish in the subclass Cornuata. See also * ''Undichna ''Undichna'' is a fish-fin, or fish-swimming fossil trail left as a fossil impression on a substrate, or the opposite impression on an over ...

a excavated at Ringerike. He was appointed professor at the University of Oslo and director of the Paleontological Museum in 1940. In 1940 Norway was occupied by Nazi Germany. Open protests ensued when the Nazi authorities were about to change the rules for admission to the university in autumn 1943. In retaliation, the

Gestapo The (, ), Syllabic abbreviation, abbreviated Gestapo (), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of F ...

arrested 11 staff, 60 male students and 10 female students. The staff

Johannes Andenæs Johannes Bratt Andenæs, often shortened to Johs. Andenæs (7 September 1912 – 3 July 2003) was a Norway, Norwegian jurist. He was a professor of jurisprudence at the University of Oslo from 1945 to 1982, and served as Rector (academia), recto ...

, Bjørn Føyn, Johan Christian Schreiner, Eiliv Skard, Harald K. Schjelderup, Odd Hassel,

Ragnar Frisch Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch (3 March 1895 – 31 January 1973) was an influential Norwegian economist and econometrician known for being one of the major contributors to establishing economics as a quantitative and statistically informed science ...

, Carl Jacob Arnholm, Endre Berner and Anatol Heintz were sent to

Grini concentration camp Grini prison camp (, ) was a Nazi concentration camp in Bærum, Norway, which operated between 1941 and May 1945. Ila Detention and Security Prison is now located here. History Grini was originally built as a women's prison, near an old croft ...

. Heintz was incarcerated at

Bredtveit Bredtvet is a neighborhood in the borough of Bjerke in Oslo, Norway. The area is located on a ridge between the neighborhoods of Veitvet to the west and Kalbakken to the east. Its origin was as a farm of the same name. It is not mentioned in w ...

from 15 October to 22 November, then at

Berg Berg may refer to: People *Berg (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * General Berg (disambiguation) * Berg Ng (born 1960), Hong Kong actor * Berg (footballer, born 1963), Ninimbergue dos Santos Guerra, Brazilian footba ...

until 8 December, then at Grini until 24 December 1944. While at Grini he held numerous

popular science Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging. It may be written ...

lectures for the other inmates. After the war he assumed his positions as professor and director, which he held until retiring in 1966. He was also chairman of ''Norsk Geologisk Forening'' from 1945 to 1946, and co-founder and first chairman of ''Norske naturhistoriske museers landsforbund'' from 1938 to 1949 and 1958 to 1961. He was also a fellow of the

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway. History The Royal Frederick University in Christiania was establis ...

and an honorary member of the

Geological Society of London The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 Fellows. Fe ...

. Since 1928 he was married to Mary Solnørdal (1901–1991). Their daughter Natascha Heintz became a notable palaeontologist. Anatol Heintz died in February 1975 in

Bærum Bærum () is a list of municipalities of Norway, municipality in the Greater Oslo Region in Akershus County, Norway. It forms an affluent suburb of Oslo on the west coast of the city. Bærum is Norway's fifth largest municipality with a populatio ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heintz, Anatol 1898 births 1975 deaths Scientists from Oslo People who emigrated to escape Bolshevism Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Norway Refugees in Norway Norwegian paleontologists University of Oslo alumni Academic staff of the University of Oslo Norwegian resistance members Bredtveit concentration camp survivors Berg concentration camp survivors Grini concentration camp survivors Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters Fellows of the Geological Society of London