Anandabhairavi or Ananda Bhairavi (pronounced ānandabhairavi) is a very old melodious

raga A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...

m (musical scale) of

Carnatic music Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and southern Odisha. It is o ...

(South Indian classical music). This rāgam also used in Indian traditional and regional musics. ''Ānandam'' (Sanskrit) means happiness and the rāgam brings a happy mood to the listener. It is a ''

janya ''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 '' melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a vari ...

'' rāgam (derived scale) of the 20th ''

Melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales ( ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A ''melaka ...

'' rāgam Natabhairavi. Natabhairavi scale

Its structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on the notations used): * : * : (''chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, Chatusruthi dhaivatham, kaishiki nishadham'') It is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam – rāgam having all 7 ''

swara Swara () or svara is an Indian classical music term that connotes simultaneously a breath, a vowel, a note, the sound of a musical note corresponding to its name, and the successive steps of the octave, or ''saptanka''. More comprehensively ...

ms'', but it is not a ''melakarta'' rāgam, as it has (zig-zag notes in scale) and uses (external note) in comparison with its parent rāgam. The ''anya swaram'' is the usage of ''shuddha dhaivatham'' ''(D1)'' in some phrases of the rāgam.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications ''Anandabhairavi'' ragam is also a rāgam, since it uses more than one ''anya swaram''. ''Anya swaram'' of a rāgam is the ''

m'' which does not belong to the ''arohana'' or ''avarohana'' of its ''melakarta'' (parent rāgam), but it is sung in (phrases used in , ''

kalpanaswaram {{Use dmy dates, date=August 2023 In Carnatic Music, Kalpanaswaram (also called swarakalpana (spelt alternatively as svarakalpana), manodharmaswara or simply swaras), is melo-rhythmic raga improvisation in a specific tala. As part of swarakalpana, ...

s''). It is also classified as a "rakti" raga(a raga of high melodic content).

Swara phrases

The three of are (G3), (D1) and kakali nishadham (N3). All of these ''anya swaras'' occur only in (not in ). "G3" occurs in "ma pa ma ga ga ma", and "D1" occurs in "ga ma pa da". Subtler than the first two, "N3" occurs in "sa da ni sa." It is said that

Tyagaraja Sadguru Tyagaraja Swami ( Telugu: సద్గురు త్యాగరాజ స్వామి; 4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847), also known as Tyagayya, and in full as Kakarla Tyagabrahmam ( Telugu: కాకర్ల త్యాగబ ...

and

Muthuswami Dikshitar Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar) (, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer, veena player, and a prolific composer of Indian classical music. He was the youngest member of what is re ...

do not use any of the in their compositions. ''Anandabhairavi'' also has unique ''swara'' patterns both in ''manodharma'' (impromptu improvisations by performer) and in its compositions. The popular patterns are ''"sa ga ga ma"'', ''"sa pa"'', and ''"sa ga ma pa"''. The musician isn't allowed to stay long on ''nishadam'', this characteristic distinguishes it from ''

Reetigowla Reethigowla, Reethi Gowla or Reethigowlai is a janya raga in carnatic music. It is associated with 22nd melakarta raga Kharaharapriya. It is Vakra Shadava-Sampoorna (Zig-zag raga with six notes in Arohana and seven in Avarohana).Visually unde ...

.'' Few allied ragas (similar) to this are ''Reetigowla'' and ''Huseni''.

Popular compositions

''Anandabhairavi'' is one of the favourite ragams of

Syama Sastri Syama Sastri (Telugu language, Telugu : శ్యామ శాస్త్రి; ; 26 April 1762 – 1827) or Shyama Shastri was a musician and composer of Carnatic music. He was the oldest among the Trinity of Carnatic music, Tyagaraja and Mu ...

. He is said to have made this a popular rāgam and also to have given the present form for this rāgam. More or less ''Anandabhairavi's'' synonym is "Marivere gati" by Syama Sastri. In "Mariverae" and in "O Jagadhamba" Syama Sastri uses the ''anya swara'' "ga(2)". A very life changing incident is said to have happened in

's life. Once he is said to have attended a Kuchipudi Bhagavata artists dance-drama recital, a ballad between mythological characters

Radha Radha (, ), also called Radhika, is a Hindu goddess and the chief consort of the god Krishna. She is the goddess of love, tenderness, compassion, and devotion. In scriptures, Radha is mentioned as the avatar of Lakshmi and also as the Prak� ...

and

Krishna Krishna (; Sanskrit language, Sanskrit: कृष्ण, ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme God (Hinduism), Supreme God in his own right. He is the god of protection, c ...

, and he is said to have highly praised their performance, especially a particular song ''Madhura Nagarilo(

Javali Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and southern Odisha. It is o ...

)'', which was again set in ''Ananda Bhairavi''. Tyagaraja wanting to acknowledge them offered to give them a gift, of anything that they may desire, that he could possibly give. After much thought they demanded him the

Ragam A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...

Ananda Bhairavi itself as a gift (meaning that he would accept to never sing in that

ever again in his life), so that when someone in the near future spoke of Tyagaraja or Ananda Bhairavi's legacy they would also remember the Kuchipudi dancers too. *''Marivere Gati'', ''Mahilo Amba'', ''O Jagadhamba'', ''Pahi Sri Girijasuthe'', ''Himachala Tanaya'', ''Adinamuninchi Pogadi'' and '' Sami nee Rammaanave(

Varnam Varṇam is a type of composition in the Carnatic music system that encapsulates the key features of a raga, and considered as a foundational element in the learning path. Varnams capture the essence of the ragam in terms of typical swara patt ...

)'' by

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of South India ** Telugu literature, is the body of works written in the Telugu language. * Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Tel ...

*''Neeke Teliyaka'', ''Rama Rama Neevaramu'' and ''Ksheera Sagara Vihara'' by

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Sanskrit Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...

*''Singāra Vēlavan Vanthān, Nanganallūr Ezhundharul, Vānōr Vanangum Annaiyē and Ānandabhairavī Annaiyum'' by

Papanasam Sivan Paapanaasam Raamayya Sivan (26 September 1890 – 1 October 1973) was an Indian composer of Carnatic music and a singer. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1971. He was also a film score composer in Kannada cinema a ...

Tamil Tamil may refer to: People, culture and language * Tamils, an ethno-linguistic group native to India, Sri Lanka, and some other parts of Asia **Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka ** Myanmar or Burmese Tamils, Tamil people of Ind ...

*''Sami ni pai'' (Ata Tala

) by Tiruvottriyur Tyagayyar *''Madhura Nagarilo(

)'' by

Chittoor Subramaniam Pillai Chittoor Subramanyam (22 June 1898 – 18 Oct 1975) was an Indian carnatic musician.Javali Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and southern Odisha. It is o ...

)'' by

Dasu Sriramulu Mahakavi Dasu Sriramulu (18461908) was an Indian scholar, poet, orator, author, astrologer, avadhani, translator, and social reformer. He was a lawyer by profession. He was a child prodigy. He had no formal tutelage in these diverse arts – ...

*''Yathum oore Anthem'' (written by Kaniyan Pungundranar) by Composer Rajan, the theme song of 10th

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from Sandham: Symphony Meets Classical Tamil *''Paavanasuguna'' (

Adi tala {{Carnatic Adi tala (Sanskrit: ''ādi tāḷa'', Kannada: ಆದಿ ತಾಳ, literally "primary rhythm" also spelled aadi taalam or adi talam) is the name of one of the most popular tala or rhythms used in Carnatic Music Carnatic music ...

) by

Swathi Thirunal Sri Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma III (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He was a great musician and composer who has to his credit over 400 classical compositions in both Carnatic and Hindustani st ...

* (Pada

varnam Varṇam is a type of composition in the Carnatic music system that encapsulates the key features of a raga, and considered as a foundational element in the learning path. Varnams capture the essence of the ragam in terms of typical swara patt ...

) by ''Ponniah Pillai'' in

*''Itti Muddulaadi'' and ''Merugu Vantidi'' by

Annamacharya Tallapaka Annamacharya () (09 May 1408 – 23 February 1503), also popularly known as Annamayya, was a Telugu musician, composer, and a Hindu saint. He is the earliest known Indian musician to compose songs called '' samkirtanas.'' His devoti ...

*''Kamti SukravAramu'' by

*''Neene Dayalu'', ''Veera Hanuma Bahu'', ''Hodi Nagari Mele'', ''Summane Baruvude Mukti'', ''Srinivasa neene'', by

Purandaradasa Purandara Dasa (IAST: Purandara Dāsa; (1470 – 1564) was a composer, singer and a Haridasa philosopher from present-day Karnataka, India. He was a follower of Madhvacharya's Dvaita philosophy. He was one of the chief founding proponents ...

Kannada Kannada () is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly in the state of Karnataka in southwestern India, and spoken by a minority of the population in all neighbouring states. It has 44 million native speakers, and is additionally a ...

*''Laali Govinda Laali'' By

Sripadaraja Sripadaraja (; ) or Sripadaraya, also known by his pontifical name Lakshminarayana Tirtha, was a Hindu Dvaita philosopher, scholar and composer and the pontiff of the Madhvacharya mutt at Mulbagal. He is widely considered the founder of Har ...

*''Palayachyutha Palayajitha'', By

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*''Smarasi Puraguru'' from the Kuchelaupakyanam by

*''Paluke Bangaramayena'' by

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*''Krishna Karuna'', ''Pahi Tharakshupuralaya'', ''Varija Vadana'' by

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*''Andolika Vahane'' (Utsavaprabandham) by

*''Samaganapriye'' by

Periyasaamy Thooran M. P. Periyasaamy Thooran (26 September 1908 – 20 January 1987) was an Indian patriot, Tamil poet, teacher, and composer of Carnatic music. Early life Periyasamy was born to K. A. Palanivelappa Gounder and Paavaathal on 26 September 1908 ...

*''Poo Mel Valarum Annaiye'' by ''Mazhavai Chidambara Bharathi'' in

*''Raghudvaha Dâsa'' by

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*''Kamalasulochana'', a popular

Geetam Geetam, (Sanskrit: गीतम्; gītaṃ) the simplest music form in Carnatic music, was created by Purandara Dasa in order to introduce '' talas'' with '' sāhityaṃ'' (lyrics). Gītaṃ literally means "song" in Sanskrit. Structure A g ...

composed by

Purandara Dasa Purandara Dasa (IAST: Purandara Dāsa; (1470 – 1564) was a composer, singer and a Haridasa philosopher from present-day Karnataka, India. He was a follower of Madhwacharya, Madhvacharya's Dwaitha, Dvaita philosophy. He was one of the chi ...

*''Pahi Sri Ramachandra'', a rare

composed by

Paidala Gurumurti Sastri Gurumurti Sastri was a composer of Carnatic music who lived during the 18th century in the village of Kayatar in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. Family His family name was Paidala. He learnt music from Venkatasubbayya. He was well-versed ...

Tillana A Tillana or thillana is a rhythmic piece in South Indian Carnatic music that is generally performed at the end of a concert and widely used in classical indian dance performances. It was popularised by Dr. M Balamuralikrishna, Lalgudi Jayaraman ...

by Thanjavur Sankara Iyer *

by Dr

Lalgudi Jayaraman Lalgudi Gopala Iyer Jayaraman (17 September 1930 – 22 April 2013) was an Indian Carnatic violinist, vocalist and composer. He is commonly grouped with M.S. Gopalakrishnan and T.N.Krishnan as part of the violin trinity of Carnatic mu ...

*''Ehi Mudam Dehi'' by

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*''Sadbhakthiyu Galga'' by

Poochi Srinivasa Iyengar Poochi Srinivasa Iyengar (1860 - 1919), whose real name was Ramanathapuram Srinivasa Iyengar, was a singer and composer of Carnatic music. Early life He was born in Ramanathapuram in Tamil Nadu on August 16, 1860. He studied music under Patna ...

*''Mari Marine Ninne'' by Akella Achyuta Ramam *''Kaapaduve'' by

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*''Pattukara(Padam)'' by

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*''Manchi Dinamu(Padam), Sripathi Sutubariki (Padam-his first composition) and Emani Telupudu(Padam)'' by

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*''Sari Niga Samamana Deivam(Padam)'' by Madurai R. Muralidaran *''Bhagyam Ullore Vaarungal'' by Sri Sri Mualidhara Swamiji *''Chapala Chittuda and Pantamela (Tana

)'' by Ponniah Pillai *''Paradevi Tiruppaarkkadal'' by Neelakanta Sivan *''Sami Ninne (Tana

)'' by Nagapattinam Veerasamy Pillai *''Neemaditsallaga'' by Mathrubhoothayya *''Ninne Valachi (Tana

)'' by Puranam Kanakaiah

Film Songs

Language:
Tamil Tamil may refer to: People, culture and language * Tamils, an ethno-linguistic group native to India, Sri Lanka, and some other parts of Asia Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka Myanmar or Burmese Tamils, Tamil people of Ind ...

Album

Notes

References

{{Janya, state=collapsed Janya ragas Carnatic ragas

Swara phrases

Popular compositions

Film Songs

Language:Tamil Tamil may refer to: People, culture and language * Tamils, an ethno-linguistic group native to India, Sri Lanka, and some other parts of Asia **Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka ** Myanmar or Burmese Tamils, Tamil people of Ind ...

Album

See also

Notes

References

Language:
Tamil Tamil may refer to: People, culture and language * Tamils, an ethno-linguistic group native to India, Sri Lanka, and some other parts of Asia Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka Myanmar or Burmese Tamils, Tamil people of Ind ...