Orthalicidae (orthalicid land snails) are a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of tropical air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group inclu ...

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s are classified in the subfamily Orthalicoidea of the order

Stylommatophora Stylommatophora is an orderPhilippe Bouchet, Jean-Pierre Rocroi, Bernhard Hausdorf, Andrzej Kaim, Yasunori Kano, Alexander Nützel, Pavel Parkhaev, Michael Schrödl and Ellen E. Strong. 2017. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of ...

.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Orthalicidae Martens, 1860. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=870044 on 2021-02-19 They are medium-sized to large snails, from about 3 cm (about 1.2 inches) to 9 cm (about 3.5 inches) in shell length

Taxonomy

In former times, this family was often known as the Bulimulidae, but this term may also denote what today is the subfamily

Bulimulinae Bulimulidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Bulimulidae Tryon ...

. The subfamily Bulimulinae replaces the former family Bulimulidae Crosse & P. Fischer, 1873.

2005 taxonomy

The Orthalicidae belong to the

Orthalicoidea Orthalicoidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the infraorder Orthalicoidei of the suborder Helicina.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Simpulopsidae Schileyko, 1999. Accessed through: Wor ...

, a

superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

in the order

Sigmurethra Sigmurethra is a taxonomic category of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This is an informal group which includes most land snails and slugs. The two strong synapomorphies of Sigmurethra are a long ...

. Like other

stylommatophora Stylommatophora is an orderPhilippe Bouchet, Jean-Pierre Rocroi, Bernhard Hausdorf, Andrzej Kaim, Yasunori Kano, Alexander Nützel, Pavel Parkhaev, Michael Schrödl and Ellen E. Strong. 2017. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of ...

ns, the Sigmurethra belong to the

suborder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized ...

Helicina. Among the three

subfamilies In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zool ...

of Orthalicidae, the Bulimulinae are the most diverse, consisting of three

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...

s: *subfamily Amphibuliminae P. Fischer, 1873 - synonym Peltellinae Gray, 1855 (check decision of

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is an organization dedicated to "achieving stability and sense in the scientific naming of animals". Founded in 1895, it currently comprises 26 commissioners from 20 countries. Orga ...

for Peltellinae) - 17 speciesBreure A., Groenenberg D. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "Gondwana revisited: New insights in the phylogenetic relationships within the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Stylommatophora)". poster
PDF
. *subfamily

Tryon, 1867 - 1243 species ** tribe Bulimulini Tryon, 1867 - synonyms: Bulimidae Guilding, 1828 (inv.); Berendtiinae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1872; Bothiembryontidae Iredale, 1937 ** tribe Odontostomini Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898 - 125 species ** tribe Simpulopsini Schileyko, 1999 - synonym: Tomogeridae Jousseaume, 1877 *subfamily Orthalicinae Albers, 1850 - synonym: Liguidae Pilsbry, 1891 - 83 species

2010 taxonomy

Breure et al. (2010) elevated Bulimulinae to

Bulimulidae Bulimulidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Bulimulidae Tryon, ...

, Odontostomini to

Odontostomidae Odontostomidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod Mollusca, molluscs in the superfamily O ...

, Amphibuliminae to

Amphibulimidae Amphibulimidae is a taxonomic family of land snails in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis wit ...

.Breure A. S. H., Groenenberg D. S. J. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data". ''

Basteria ''Basteria'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Netherlands Malacological Society, covering research on molluscs. It was established in 1936 and is now published mostly in English. The editor-in-chief is Ruud Bank. A ...

'' 74(1-3): 25-31.

2012 taxonomy

Breure & Romero (2012) confirmed previous results from 2010, additionally they elevated Simpulopsini to

Simpulopsidae Simpulopsidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of air-breathing land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod Mollusca, molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase ...

.Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". '' Archiv für Molluskenkunde: International Journal of Malacology'' 141(1): 1-20. .

Genera

Genera within the family Orthalicidae include: * '' Aposcutalus'' Dutra & Leme, 1985 * '' Clathrorthalicus'' Strebel, 1909 *''

Corona Corona (from the Latin for 'crown') most commonly refers to: * Stellar corona, the outer atmosphere of the Sun or another star * Corona (beer), a Mexican beer * Corona, informal term for the coronavirus or disease responsible for the COVID-19 ...

'' Albers, 1850 * † '' Cortana'' Salvador & Simone, 2013 * '' Hemibulimus'' Martens, 1885 * ''

Kara Kara or KARA may refer to: Geography Localities * Kara, Chad, a sub-prefecture * Kára, Hungary, a village * Kara, Uttar Pradesh, India, a township * Kara, Iran, a village in Lorestan Province * Kara, Republic of Dagestan, a rural locality in ...

'' Strebel, 1910Breure A. S. H. (2011) "Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species". ''

ZooKeys ''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the founding editor-in-chief was Terry Erwin (Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian ...

'' 101: 1–50. . * ''

Liguus ''Liguus'' is a genus of large tropical air-breathing land snails, more specifically arboreal locomotion, arboreal or tree snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Orthalicidae. These snails are especi ...

'' Montfort, 1810 * '' Orthalicus'' Beck, 1837 - type genus of the family Orthalicidae * '' Paeniscutalus'' Wurtz, 1947 * '' Porphyrobaphe'' Shuttleworth, 1856 * ''

Quechua Quechua may refer to: *Quechua people, several Indigenous ethnic groups in South America, especially in Peru *Quechuan languages, an Indigenous South American language family spoken primarily in the Andes, derived from a common ancestral language ...

'' Strebel, 1910 * '' Scholvienia'' Strebel, 1910 * '' Sultana'' Shuttleworth, 1856

References

External links

* {{Authority control