Amperozide is an

atypical antipsychotic The atypical antipsychotics (AAP), also known as second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs), are a group of antipsychotic drugs (antipsychotic drugs in general are also known as major tranquilizers and ne ...

of the

diphenylbutylpiperazine Amperozide is an atypical antipsychotic of the diphenylbutylpiperazine class which acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT2A receptor. It does not block dopamine receptors as with most antipsychotic drugs, but does inhibit dopamine release, and alt ...

class which acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT_2A receptor. It does not block

dopamine receptor Dopamine receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). Dopamine receptors activate different effectors through not only G-protein coupling, but also signaling through diffe ...

s as with most antipsychotic drugs, but does inhibit dopamine release, and alters the firing pattern of dopaminergic neurons. It was investigated for the treatment of

schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by continuous or relapsing episodes of psychosis. Major symptoms include hallucinations (typically hearing voices), delusions, and disorganized thinking. Other symptoms include social wi ...

in humans, but never adopted clinically. Its main use is instead in

veterinary medicine Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, management, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, disorder, and injury in animals. Along with this, it deals with animal rearing, husbandry, breeding, research on nutri ...

, primarily in intensively farmed pigs, for decreasing aggression and stress and thereby increasing feeding and productivity.

Synthesis

According to

Arvid Carlsson Arvid Carlsson (25 January 1923 – 29 June 2018) was a Swedish neuropharmacologist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson's disease. For his work on dopamine, Carlsson was awarded the Nobel ...

, behavioural Stimulation in rat: Amperozide synthesis

The reaction of ethylisocyanate 09-90-0(1) with N-benzylpiperazine (2) leads to the corresponding urea
CID:47103368
(3).

Catalytic hydrogenation Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic c ...

cleaves the benzyl protecting group giving N-ethylpiperazine-1-carboxamide 5529-72-5(4). Alkylation of the unmasked nitrogen with 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)Bis(4-Fluorobenzene)

312-04-7 31 may refer to: * 31 (number) Years * 31 BC * AD 31 * 1931 CE ('31) * 2031 CE ('31) Music * ''Thirty One'' (Jana Kramer album), 2015 * ''Thirty One'' (Jarryd James album), 2015 * "Thirty One", a song by Karma to Burn from the album '' Wil ...

(5) completed the synthesis of amperozide (6).

References

5-HT2A antagonists Piperazines Ureas {{nervous-system-drug-stub

Synthesis

See also

References