Amory Houghton
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Amory Houghton (July 27, 1899 – February 21, 1981) served as United States ambassador to France from 1957 to 1961 and as national president of the
Boy Scouts of America Scouting America is the largest scouting organization and one of the largest List of youth organizations, youth organizations in the United States, with over 1 million youth, including nearly 200,000 female participants. Founded as the Boy Sco ...
. He was chairman of the board of Corning Glass Works (1941–1961). In 1959 he was elected as an honorary member of the New York
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.


Early life

Houghton was born on July 27, 1899, in
Corning, New York Corning is a city in Steuben County, New York, United States, on the Chemung River. The population was 10,551 at the 2020 census. It is named for Erastus Corning, an Albany financier and railroad executive who was an investor in the company th ...
. He was the only son of four children born to Adelaide Louise (
née The birth name is the name of the person given upon their birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name or to the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a births registe ...
Wellington) Houghton and Alanson B. Houghton, who served as a
United States representative The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...
from
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...
, as well as the U.S. ambassador to Germany and
Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European ...
. His second cousin was actress
Katharine Hepburn Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003) was an American actress whose Katharine Hepburn on screen and stage, career as a Golden Age of Hollywood, Hollywood leading lady spanned six decades. She was known for her headstrong ...
. He was educated at St. Paul's School in
Concord, New Hampshire Concord () is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Hampshire and the county seat, seat of Merrimack County, New Hampshire, Merrimack County. As of the 2020 United States census the population was 43,976, making it the List of municipalities ...
, and graduated from
Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
in 1921.


Career

After graduating from Harvard, Houghton began work in the blowing room of B Factory at Corning Glass Works (now Corning Incorporated) in 1921. In 1926, he became assistant to the president and two years later was elected executive vice-president. In 1930, he became president and at the death of his father in 1941 chairman of the board. After leaving this position in 1961 he went on to serve as chairman of the executive committee from 1961 to 1964. He was then named chairman of the board again from 1964 to 1971. Houghton served as a director of the
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(now
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), the
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company MetLife, Inc. is the holding corporation for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (MLIC), better known as MetLife, and its affiliates. MetLife is among the largest global providers of insurance, annuities, and employee benefit programs, w ...
(now
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), and the
Erie Railroad The Erie Railroad was a railroad that operated in the Northeastern United States, originally connecting Pavonia Terminal in Jersey City, New Jersey, with Lake Erie at Dunkirk, New York. The railroad expanded west to Chicago following its 1865 ...
. He was also on the
Harvard Board of Overseers The Harvard Board of Overseers (more formally The Honorable and Reverend the Board of Overseers) is an advisory board of alumni at Harvard University. Unlike the Harvard Corporation, the Board of Overseers is not a fiduciary governing board, but in ...
, was a trustee of the
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at
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, and was a trustee of Eisenhower College in
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.


Public service

Houghton began his career in government as a dollar-a-year man in 1941 when he was appointed assistant deputy director of the materials division in the
Office of Production Management The Office of Production Management was a United States government agency that existed from January 1941 and was led by the Danish William S. Knudsen, William Knudsen. The agency was established to centralize direction of the federal procurement p ...
. An account cited that it was businessman Philip D. Reed who recruited him to the OPM. In this position, Houghton served as the liaison between the government and American manufacturers. It was reported that he was responsible for surmounting almost half the burden of the then production crisis. In January 1942, President
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving U.S. president, and the only one to have served ...
replaced the Office and
Supply Priorities and Allocations Board The Supply Priorities and Allocations Board (SPAB) was a United States administrative entity within the Office for Emergency Management which was created and dissolved during World War II. The board was created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt ...
with the
War Production Board The War Production Board (WPB) was an agency of the United States government that supervised war production during World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt established it in January 1942, with Executive Order 9024. The WPB replaced the Su ...
and Houghton was appointed deputy chief of the bureau of industry branches. By August of the same year, he resigned and did not serve any government position after a Hartford-Empire, subsidiary of Corning, faced an antitrust suit. He was also accused of monopolistic behavior and this particular case reached the
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. From 1943 to 1944, he was appointed as the chief mission officer for the
Lend-Lease Administration Lend-Lease, formally the Lend-Lease Act and introduced as An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States (),3,000 Hurricanes and >4,000 other aircraft) * 28 naval vessels: ** 1 Battleship. (HMS Royal Sovereign (05), HMS Royal Sovereign) * ...
, a program by which the United States supplied the Allied nations with food, oil, warships, warplanes, and with other weaponry during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. He was forced to resign in 1943 due to antitrust problems with a Corning subsidiary. On March 14, 1957, he was appointed the United States ambassador to France by President
Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the 34th president of the United States, serving from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionar ...
. He presented his credentials on April 17, 1957, and served until he left his post on January 19, 1961, shortly before President Kennedy took office.


Scouting

Houghton received the
Silver Buffalo Award The Silver Buffalo Award is the national-level distinguished service award of Scouting America. It is presented for noteworthy and extraordinary service to youth on a national basis, either as part of, or independent of the Scouting program. The ...
in 1945 and served as the national president of the Boy Scouts of America from 1946 to 1951. He served on the
World Scout Committee The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM ) is the largest and, after the Order of World Scouts (formed in 1911), is the second-oldest international organization in the Scout Movement, having been established in 1922. It has 176 members. ...
of the
World Organization of the Scout Movement The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM ) is the largest and, after the Order of World Scouts (formed in 1911), is the second-oldest international organization in the Scout Movement, having been established in 1922. It has 176 members. ...
from 1949 to 1955. He was awarded the ''
Bronze Wolf The Bronze Wolf Award is an award presented by the World Organization of the Scout Movement for outstanding service by an individual to the Scout Movement. Just over 400 people have received the Bronze Wolf since its creation in 1935. WOSM has r ...
'', the only distinction of the
World Organization of the Scout Movement The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM ) is the largest and, after the Order of World Scouts (formed in 1911), is the second-oldest international organization in the Scout Movement, having been established in 1922. It has 176 members. ...
, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting, in 1955.


Personal life

In 1921, Houghton was married to Laura DeKay Richardson (d. 2003), the daughter of James Richardson of
Providence, Rhode Island Providence () is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Rhode Island, most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. The county seat of Providence County, Rhode Island, Providence County, it is o ...
. During his time as ambassador, his wife was referred to ''L'Ambassadrice Souriante'' (the Smiling Ambassadress) by the Herald Tribune. Together, they were the parents of five children, three sons and two daughters, including: * Amory Houghton Jr. (1926–2020), who attended Harvard, worked at Corning, and served as a U.S. Representative from New York. * Alanson Bigelow Houghton II (1930–2016), who Billie Fisher Carr and worked at Corning, later becoming an ordained
Episcopal priest A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deity, deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in parti ...
. * James Richardson Houghton (1936–2022), who also attended Harvard and worked at Corning. * Elizabeth Houghton, who married Sidney James Weinberg Jr. (1923–2010), the son of Sidney Weinberg, the CEO of Goldman Sachs, in 1951. * Laura DeKay Houghton, who married David Wells Beer, an architect in New York, in 1962. Houghton died at the Medical University Hospital in
Charleston, South Carolina Charleston is the List of municipalities in South Carolina, most populous city in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atla ...
, on February 21, 1981.


Descendants

Through his daughter Elizabeth, he was the grandfather of Elizabeth Livingston Weinberg, Sydney Houghton Weinberg, Peter Amory Weinberg (born 1957), the co-founder of Perella Weinberg Partners with merger specialist, Joseph Perella in 2006.


See also

* Houghton family


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Houghton, Amory American chairpersons of corporations Corning Inc. 1899 births 1981 deaths Ambassadors of the United States to France Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award World Scout Committee members Harvard University alumni People associated with the Corning Museum of Glass Presidents of the Boy Scouts of America