Amazonian Trogon

The Amazonian trogon (''Trogon ramonianus''), is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae, the trogons and quetzals. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved 24 August 2021

Taxonomy and systematics

Until the early 2000s, what are now the Amazonian trogon and the gartered trogon (''T. caligatus'') were considered subspecies of the violaceous trogon (''T. violaceous''). The International Ornithological Committee (IOC), the Clements taxonomy, and the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS-SACC) have implemented the split making them separate species and renaming ''T. violaceous'' the Guianan trogon. However, BirdLife International's ''Handbook of the Birds of the World'' (HBW) retains them as subspecies. The classification schemes that treat the Amazonian trogon as a species assign two subspecies, the nominate ''T. r. ramonianus'' and ''T. r. crissalis''. The two subspecies are so similar that some authors maintain that the Amazonian trogon is monotypic.Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved 25 August 2021Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved 24 August 2021HBW and BirdLife International (2020) ''Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world'' Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip xls zipped 1 MBretrieved 27 May 2021Greeney, H. F. (2020). Amazonian Trogon (''Trogon ramonianus''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.viotro3.01 retrieved 20 October 2021

Description

Trogons have distinctive male and female plumages, with soft, often colorful, feathers. The Amazonian trogon is about long; three males weighed . The male's head, neck, and upper breast are a deep metallic blue-black. The face and throat are black, with little contrast between them and the rest of the head. A narrow white band separates the upper breast from the bright yellow lower breast and belly. The upperparts are metallic green to blue-green. The tail's upperside is deep blue with black feather tips; the underside has fine black and white bars and broad white feather tips. The wings are mostly black with some whitish inclusions. The female's head and face, upper breast, and upperparts are dark gray; the belly is a duller yellow than the male's, and the underside of the tail has a different pattern of black and white. The two subspecies' plumages differ very little, with the differences between them being similar to those among individuals of each.

Distribution and habitat

The Amazonian trogon is found from the Andean foothills of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia slightly north into western Venezuela and east across the western and southern Amazon basin of Brazil. The exact delination of the two subspecies' ranges is obscure, but ''T. r. crissalis'' is generally considered to be found south of the Amazon River and east of the Tapajós River.

The Amazonian trogon inhabits a variety of landscapes including transitional and ''terra firme'' forest, palm and bamboo forest, and permanently flooded ''igapó'' forest. It is found mostly below of elevation but reaches as high as in Ecuador.

Behavior

Feeding

The Amazonian trogon's diet and feeding behavior have not been studied in detail. It is assumed to behave like the other "violaceus" trogons, feeding with sallies from a perch and hovering to pick insects and fruit from vegetation. They also eat small vertebrates such as frogs.

Breeding

Almost nothing is known about the Amazonian trogon's breeding phenology. The only nest that has been described was excavated in an active arboreal termite nest and held two eggs.

Vocalization

The Amazonian trogon's song is "a relatively short, fairly rapid series of clipped ''cow'' notes, or 'mewing whistles'". Their calls are "a variety of rolling chatters".

Status

The IUCN has not assessed the Amazonian trogon separately from violaceous trogon '' sensu lato''. It has a large range and is considered fairly common to common in some areas.

References

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Amazonian trogon
Birds of the Amazon rainforest
Amazonian trogon
Amazonian trogon