''Eucharis'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of about 15–20

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

plants in the

Amaryllis family The Amaryllidaceae are a family of herbaceous, mainly perennial and bulbous (rarely rhizomatous) flowering plants in the monocot order Asparagales. The family takes its name from the genus ''Amaryllis'' and is commonly known as the amaryllis fami ...

native Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and enterta ...

Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...

and

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the souther ...

, from Guatemala south to

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

. Some species have become naturalized in

Mexico Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...

, the

West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Great ...

, and scattered tropical islands.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref> The English name Amazon lily is sometimes used for all species in the genus (as well as other genera), but is particularly used for '' Eucharis amazonica'' and ''Eucharis'' × ''grandiflora'', which are often confused.

Description

''Eucharis'' is a

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

with a bulb in diameter. The broad-stalked leaves are long and broad. The large showy white

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism ...

s are borne in an

umbel In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin ''umbella'' " ...

of three to ten on an erect scape long. The flowers resemble narcissus flowers in having a prominent central cup, which is sometimes tinged with green. However, while in narcissus this cup is a

corona Corona (from the Latin for 'crown') most commonly refers to: * Stellar corona, the outer atmosphere of the Sun or another star * Corona (beer), a Mexican beer * Corona, informal term for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19 di ...

, in ''Eucharis'' it is composed of widened and fused stamens.

Cultivation and uses

'' Eucharis amazonica'' and the

hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two diff ...

''Eucharis'' × ''grandiflora'' are the best-known and most generally cultivated species. It is propagated by removing the offsets, which may be done in spring, potting them singly in 15 cm pots. It requires good

loam Loam (in geology and soil science) is soil composed mostly of sand ( particle size > ), silt (particle size > ), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size < ). By weight, its mineral composition is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–si ...

y soil, with enough

sand Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a soil texture, textur ...

to keep the compost open, and should have a good supply of water. A temperature of 18° to 20 °C during the night, and rising to 25 °C in the day. During summer growth is to be encouraged by repotting, but the plants should afterwards be slightly rested by removal to a night temperature of about 15 °C, water being withheld for a time, though they must not be left dry for too long, the plant being an

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...

. By the turn of the year they may again have more heat and more water, and this will probably induce them to flower. With a stock of the smaller plants to start them in succession, it is possible to have plants in flower all the year round. A

has been raised between ''Eucharis'' and the allied genus ''

Urceolina ''Urceolina'' is a genus of South American plants in the amaryllis family, all native to Peru. It also occurs in other parts of South America. Species *''Urceolina ayacucensis'' Ravenna *''Urceolina cuzcoensis'' Vargas *''Urceolina fulva'' H ...

'' and given the hybrid name ×''Urceocharis''.

Species

Accepted species

The following are species which are currently included within this genus.The Plant List
/ref> # '' Eucharis amazonica'' Linden ex Planch. -

Perú , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy fo ...

; naturalized in

México Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guat ...

Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in ...

, Fiji, the

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its ca ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

Ascension Island Ascension Island is an isolated volcanic island, 7°56′ south of the Equator in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is about from the coast of Africa and from the coast of South America. It is governed as part of the British Overseas Territory o ...

Society Islands The Society Islands (french: Îles de la Société, officially ''Archipel de la Société;'' ty, Tōtaiete mā) are an archipelago located in the South Pacific Ocean. Politically, they are part of French Polynesia, an overseas country of the F ...

# '' Eucharis astrophiala'' (Ravenna) Ravenna -

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechuan languages, Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar language, Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechuan ...

# '' Eucharis bakeriana'' N.E.Br. - San Martín Region of

# '' Eucharis bonplandii'' (Kunth) Traub - Colombia # '' Eucharis bouchei'' Woodson & P.Allen - Guatemala, Costa Rica,

Panamá Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by C ...

# ''

Eucharis candida ''Eucharis candida'' is a plant species native to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru but cultivated as an ornamental in many other regions. ''Eucharis candida'' is a bulb-forming her with broadly lanceolate to elliptical leaves, pleated lengthwise. Fl ...

'' Planch. & Linden - Colombia,

# '' Eucharis castelnaeana'' (Baill.) J.F.Macbr. - Colombia (

Amazonas Amazonas may refer to: Places * Amazon River, known as ''Amazonas'' in Spanish and Portuguese *Amazonas (Brazilian state), Brazil * Amazonas Department, Colombia * Department of Amazonas, Peru * Amazonas (Venezuelan state), Venezuela Other uses * ...

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

( Loreto),

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

(

) # ''

Eucharis caucana Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' Meerow - Colombia # '' Eucharis corynandra'' (Ravenna) Ravenna - Cajamarca Region of

# ''

Eucharis cyaneosperma Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' Meerow -

(

La Paz La Paz (), officially known as Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Spanish pronunciation: ), is the seat of government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. With an estimated 816,044 residents as of 2020, La Paz is the third-most populous city in Bo ...

Beni is a Japanese R&B singer, who debuted in 2004 under the Avex Trax label. In 2008, Arashiro left Avex Trax and transferred to Universal Music Japan where she started to perform as simply Beni (stylized as BENI). She was initially best known fo ...

(

Acre The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial and US customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one chain by one furlong (66 by 660 feet), which is exactly equal to 10 square chains, of a square mile, 4,840 square ...

) # ''

Eucharis formosa Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an in ...

'' Meerow - Colombia,

# ''

Eucharis × grandiflora ''Eucharis'' × ''grandiflora'' is a natural hybrid of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to western Colombia and western Ecuador and widely cultivated as an ornamental in other regions. It is a natural hybrid between '' E. m ...

'' Planch. & Linden - Colombia,

# †''

Eucharis lehmannii Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an in ...

'' Regel -

Cauca Department Cauca Department (, es, Departamento del Cauca) is a Department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department ...

in Colombia but extinct # ''

Eucharis moorei Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' (Baker) Meerow -

# ''

Eucharis oxyandra Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' (Ravenna) Ravenna -

Huánuco Region Huánuco (; qu, Wanuku) is a city in central Peru. It had a population of 196,627 as of 2017 and in 2015 it had a population of 175,068. It is the capital of the Huánuco Region and the Huánuco District. It is the seat of the diocese of Hu ...

# ''

Eucharis plicata Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' Meerow -

( San Martín), Bolivia (

) # ''

Eucharis sanderi Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' Baker - Colombia # ''

Eucharis ulei Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an i ...

'' Kraenzl. - Colombia (

(

, Pando),

(

)

Formerly Included

Several plants that were once placed within the genus ''Eucharis'' have since been reclassified to other genera ('' Caliphruria, Mathieua'' and '' Plagiolirion'').

References

External links

Bulbsociety

Image of Eucharis in Pacific Bulb Society
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2662997 Amaryllidaceae genera

Description

Cultivation and uses

Species

Accepted species

Formerly Included

See also

References

External links