Candé
Candé () is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.
History
In the 11th century the village became an important military site for Anjou under baron Rorgon de Candé, at Fort-Castle of Candé.
Candé was noted in 2000 ...
,
Segré
Segré () is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 15 December 2016, it was merged into the new commune Segré-en-Anjou Bleu.Duretal,
Baugé
Baugé () is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire ''département'' in western France. On 1 January 2013, it was merged with the former communes of Montpollin, Pontigné, Saint-Martin-d'Arcé and Le Vieil-Baugé to create the commune of Baug ...
and of
Lude Lude may refer to:
*Lude, name of a Chinese YouTube influencer
*Lude (stream), a stream in the Harz Mountains of Germany used by the historic mining industry
*Alternative spelling for Ludic language
*Short for Quaalude, brand name for Methaqualone
...
.
Early life and family
Amaury I of Craon was the youngest of the three sons of
Maurice II de Craon
Maurice II de Craon (–1196) was Lord of Craon, Mayenne, Craon, Governor of County of Anjou, Anjou and Maine (province), Maine under Henry II of England, Henry II, a military figure and Anglo-Normans, Anglo-Norman of the century. Maurice II als ...
Ploërmel
Church Saint-Armel
Ploërmel (; ; Gallo language: ''Pieurmè'') is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany, in north-western France. On 1 January 2019, the former commune Monterrein was merged into Ploërmel.
Character of the town
T ...
by the King of France, Philip II. By 1207, he succeeded, as Lord of Craon, his brother
Maurice III de Craon {{short description, French noble house
The Craon family was a French noble house, known to date back to the 11th century, originating in Craon in the Mayenne region of Anjou, northern France.
Its most famous member is Pierre de Craon, and its ...
(1165-1207) who died that year. His other brother, Pierre, an ecclesiastic, was excluded from the title.'' Cartulaire de Craon'', 197, 201, 202 et 211-213, 218-230.
In 1212, he married
Jeanne des Roches
Jeanne may refer to:
Places
* Jeanne (crater), on Venus
People
* Jeanne (given name)
* Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc, c.1412–1431), French folk heroine and saint
* Jeanne Devos (religious sister)
* Jeanne Devos (photographer)
* Joan of Flanders, C ...
, daughter of
Seneschal
The word ''seneschal'' () can have several different meanings, all of which reflect certain types of supervising or administering in a historic context. Most commonly, a seneschal was a senior position filled by a court appointment within a royal, ...
of
Anjou
Anjou may refer to:
Geography and titles France
*County of Anjou, a historical county in France and predecessor of the Duchy of Anjou
**Count of Anjou, title of nobility
*Duchy of Anjou, a historical duchy and later a province of France
** Du ...
Marguerite de Sablé
Marguerite de Sablé, Dame de Sablé (c.1179 – after June 1238), was a French noblewoman and one of the wealthiest heiresses in the counties of Anjou and Maine. She was the eldest daughter of Robert IV de Sablé, and the wife of William des Roch ...
.
They had:
*Maurice IV of Craon, married
Isabella of Lusignan
Isabella of Lusignan (c.1224 – 14 January 1300) was a daughter of Hugh X of Lusignan and his wife Isabella of Angoulême, Dowager Queen, Dowager Queen of England. Isabella was half-sister to Henry III of England, King Henry III of Englan ...
*
Isabelle
Isabel is a female name of Iberian origin. Isabelle is a name that is similar, but it is of French origin. It originates as the medieval Spanish form of '' Elisabeth'' (ultimately Hebrew ''Elisheba''). Arising in the 12th century, it became popul ...
, married Raoul III, lord of Fougeres and Porhoet
Military career
The 2 July 1214, he fought alongside the future King of France, Louis VIII at the
Battle of Roche-au-Moine
The siege of Roche-aux-Moines was an engagement of the Anglo-French War (1213-1214). King John of England besieged the castle but had to retreat in the face of King Philip Augustus' son, Prince Louis.
King John did not want to engage the Frenc ...
s, which saw a French victory, thanks to the decisive action of his father-in-law, Guillaume des Roches against the English troops of "Jean sans Terre"
John, King of England
John (24 December 1166 – 19 October 1216) was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216. He lost the Duchy of Normandy and most of his other French lands to King Philip II of France, resulting in the collapse of the Angevin Empi ...
.
By November 1218, Amaury had arrived in Toulouse with an army as part of the
Albigensian Crusade
The Albigensian Crusade (), also known as the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229), was a military and ideological campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, what is now southern France. The Crusade was prosecuted pri ...
. He argued with
Simon de Montfort
Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, 1st Earl of Chester ( – 4 August 1265), also known as Simon V de Montfort, was an English nobleman of French origin and a member of the English peerage, who led the baronial opposition to the rule of ...
as to the disposition of the army and instead of marching the army to the siege of Toulouse, per Montfort's wishes, the army encamped in "New Toulouse". During the siege of Toulouse, Amaury and numerous other nobles openly criticized Montfort's tactics. The siege was lifted a month later following the death of Montfort.
In 1222, following the death of Guillaume des Roches, Amaury took the title of sénéchal of Anjou, Maine and Touraine. He was thus confronted with the pretension of Pierre Mauclerc, Peter I, Duke of Brittany, who had his sights on Anjou. In 1223, he seized
Châteaubriant
Châteaubriant (; ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Châtiaoberiant'') is a town in western France, about southwest of Paris, and one of the three Subprefectures in France, sous-préfectures of the Loire-Atlantique departments of France, department. C ...
and
La Guerche-de-Bretagne
La Guerche-de-Bretagne (; ) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France.
The cellist Louis-Marie Pilet (1815–1877) was born in La Guerche-de-Bretagne.
Population
Inhabitants of La Guerche-de-Bretagne a ...
belonging to the domain of
Pouancé
Pouancé () is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 15 December 2016, it was merged into the new commune Ombrée d'Anjou. It is located on the border of 4 French departements: Maine-et-Loire, Mayenne in the n ...
, but he could not take the Castle of Pouancé. Alerted, Pierre Mauclerc came to the rescue and surprised Amaury's exhausted troops. Routed, Amaury was taken prisoner. A large ransom was demanded from his subjects for his liberation. Freed the same year, Amaury rejoined the new King Louis VIII at
Compiègne
Compiègne (; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Oise Departments of France, department of northern France. It is located on the river Oise (river), Oise, and its inhabitants are called ''Compiégnois'' ().
Administration
Compiègne is t ...
.
Death and succession
Amaury I died on 2 May 1226. He was buried in . His wife, Jeanne des Roches, became guardian of their son
Maurice IV de Craon {{short description, French noble house
The Craon family was a French List of noble houses, noble house, known to date back to the 11th century, originating in Craon, Mayenne, Craon in the Mayenne region of County of Anjou, Anjou, northern France.
...
(1213-1250), future Seneschal of Anjou. She took the title of sénéchal of Anjou, Maine and Touraine. In 1227, she rendered homage to the new young King of France;
Louis IX
Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), also known as Saint Louis, was King of France from 1226 until his death in 1270. He is widely recognized as the most distinguished of the Direct Capetians. Following the death of his father, Louis ...
, better known under the name of Saint Louis, aged only thirteen years. She retained the role of Seneschal until the end of her days about 1240/1241 when the title passed to her son, Maurice.