Amadocus ( el, Ἀμάδoκoς, Amadokos, also Amatokos) was an

Odrysian The Odrysian Kingdom (; Ancient Greek: ) was a state grouping many List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia, Thracian tribes united by the Odrysae, which arose in the early 5th century BCE, BC and existed at least until the late 1st century BC. ...

ruler in

Thrace Thrace (; el, Θράκη, Thráki; bg, Тракия, Trakiya; tr, Trakya) or Thrake is a geographical and historical region in Southeast Europe, now split among Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey, which is bounded by the Balkan Mountains to ...

, who ruled from 360 to c. 351 BC. Amadocus II was the son of

Amadocus I Amadocus I ( grc, Ἀμάδοκος, Amadokos, also Amatokos, perhaps more accurately Μήτοκος/Μήδοκος, Mētokos/Mēdokos, of which the Latin form would be Medocus) was a Thracian king of the Odrysae in the late 5th to early 4th centu ...

(Medocus), according to a fragment of

Theopompus Theopompus ( grc-gre, Θεόπομπος, ''Theópompos''; c. 380 BCc. 315 BC) was an ancient Greek historian and rhetorician. Biography Theopompus was born on the Aegean island of Chios. In early youth, he seems to have spent some time at Athen ...

, which specifies that there were two kings named Amadocus, father and son, of whom the son was a contemporary of

Philip II of Macedon Philip II of Macedon ( grc-gre, Φίλιππος ; 382 – 21 October 336 BC) was the king ('' basileus'') of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from 359 BC until his death in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty, founders of the a ...

. It is unclear when Amadocus II first laid claim to the throne, and numismatic evidence for an Amadocus as a rival to Cotys I in the late 380s or early 370s BC may refer to him rather than to his father. Soon after the murder of Cotys I in September 360 BC, his son and successor Cersobleptes was faced with several opponents, including Amadocus II and Berisades. While he eliminated some other rivals, by 357 BC Cersobleptes was forced to agree to a partitioning of the kingdom with Amadocus II and Berisades, who had secured Athenian support: Cersobleptes kept eastern Thrace, Amadocus II central Thrace, and Berisades western Thrace. The area under Amadocus II's control is generally identified as laying west of the river Hebrus and north of

Maroneia Maroneia ( el, Μαρώνεια) is a village and a former municipality in Rhodope regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Maroneia-Sapes, of which it is a mu ...

. It is likely that the fortified residence of a Thracian ruler on Kozi Gramadi Peak above the village of

Starosel Starosel ( bg, Старосел) is a village in central Bulgaria, Hisarya Municipality, Plovdiv Province. It lies at the foot of the Sredna Gora mountain range along the shores of Pyasachnik River. Starosel is known for the abundance of ...

belonged to him. In 354 or 353 BC, Cersobleptes and Philip planned joint action against Amadocus and the Athenians. When this plan failed, Cersobleptes made an alliance with the Athenians, luring them away from their arrangement with Amadocus, and attacked Amadocus by himself. Now Philip intervened, attacking and defeating Cersobleptes in 352 BC. About this time Amadocus disappears from the sources. He was succeeded by Teres III, who was probably his son.Mihailov 1989: 54–55; Topalov 1994: 161–163.

Notes

References

* P. Delev, Thrace from the Assassination of Kotys I to Koroupedion (360-281 BCE), in Valeva et al. (eds.), ''A Companion to Ancient Thrace,'' Wiley, 2015: 48–58. * A. Fol et al., ''The Rogozen Treasure,'' Sofia, 1989. * Hammond, N. G. L.; "Philip's Actions in 347 and Early 346 B.C." in ''Classical Quarterly'', v. 44 (1994), pp. 367–374. * G. Mihailov, The Inscriptions, in: Fol et al., ''The Rogozen Treasure,'' Sofia, 1989: 46–71. * Smith, William; ''

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (1849, originally published 1844 under a slightly different title) is an encyclopedia/biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volumes and 3,700 p ...

''
"Amadocus (2)"

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the capital city, state capital and List of municipalities in Massachusetts, most populous city of the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financ ...

, (1867) * M. Tacheva, ''The Kings of Ancient Thrace. Book One,'' Sofia, 2006. * S. Topalov, ''The Odrysian Kingdom from the Late 5th to the Mid-4th C. B.C.,'' Sofia, 1994. * J. Valeva et al. (eds.), ''A Companion to Ancient Thrace,'' Wiley, 2015. * R. Vulpe, ''Studia Thracologica'', Bucharest, 1976. 4th-century BC rulers Odrysian kings {{Ancient-Thrace-stub