Alonim () is a

kibbutz A kibbutz ( / , ; : kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1910, was Degania Alef, Degania. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economi ...

in northern

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

. Located in the

Lower Galilee The Lower Galilee (; ) is a region within the Northern District of Israel. The Lower Galilee is bordered by the Jezreel Valley to the south; the Upper Galilee to the north, from which it is separated by the Beit HaKerem Valley; the Jordan Rift ...

, it falls under the jurisdiction of

Jezreel Valley Regional Council Jezreel Valley Regional Council (, ''Mo'atza Azorit Emek Yizra'el'') is a regional council in northern Israel that encompasses most of the settlements in the Jezreel Valley. It includes 15 kibbutzim, 15 moshavim, 6 community settlements and two B ...

. In the kibbutz had a population of .

History

Ottoman era

In the Ottoman era, a village called Qusqus, or Kuskus, was situated here. In 1859, the population was given as 100, with 16

feddan A feddan () is a unit of area used in Egypt, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, and Oman. In Classical Arabic, the word means 'a yoke of oxen', implying the area of ground that could be tilled by oxen in a certain time. In Egypt, the feddan is the only n ...

s of tillage.Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p
271
/ref> In 1875,

Victor Guérin Victor Guérin (; 15 September 1821 – 21 September 1890) was a French people, French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included ...

visited, and estimated that the village had 200 inhabitants. In 1881, the PEF's ''

Survey of Western Palestine The PEF Survey of Palestine was a series of surveys carried out by the Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) between 1872 and 1877 for the completed Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) and in 1880 for the soon abandoned Survey of Eastern Palestine. The ...

'' described Kuskus as an

adobe Adobe (from arabic: الطوب Attub ; ) is a building material made from earth and organic materials. is Spanish for mudbrick. In some English-speaking regions of Spanish heritage, such as the Southwestern United States, the term is use ...

village in the oak-woods on high ground.

British Mandate era

In 1925 a Zionist organisation purchased 30

s in Kiskis (present Alonim) and Tabon (present

Kiryat Tiv'on Kiryat Tiv'on (, also Qiryat Tiv'on) is a town in the Haifa District of Israel, in the hills between the Zvulun (Zebulon) and Jezreel valleys. Kiryat Tiv'on is located southeast of Haifa, on the main road to Nazareth. Kiryat Tiv'on is the resul ...

) from the

Sursuk family The Sursock family (also spelled Sursuq) is a Greek Orthodox Christian family from Lebanon, and used to be one of the most important families of Beirut. Having originated in Constantinople during the Byzantine Empire, the family has lived in Beir ...

Beirut Beirut ( ; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, just under half of Lebanon's population, which makes it the List of largest cities in the Levant region by populatio ...

. At the time, there were 36 families living there. From 1931, and lasting several years, the Jewish Agency struggled to evict the tenant farmers from Qusqus, from the land which was to become Alonim. The kibbutz was established on 26 June 1938 as part of the tower and stockade settlement project. During the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine, Alonim was frequently attacked and three of its members were killed. It began as an orchard and dairy farm, and manufactured flutes, which were popular with Israeli children. By 1945, al Tivon (Alonim) (previously Qusqus Taboun) had 370 Muslim and 320 Jewish inhabitants, with a total land area of 5,823

dunam A dunam ( Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: ; ; ; ), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amo ...

s. Of this land, 141 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 2,038 for

cereal A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize ( Corn). Edible grains from other plant families, ...

s, while 3,644 dunams were classified as non-cultivable land. Alonim Dining Room2

In 1947, Alonim had a population of over 450. File:אלונים - עלית קבוצת אלונים על אדמת קוסקוס.-JNF037082.jpeg, Alonim 1938. Arrival of colonists File:עליית קבוצת אלונים על אדמת קוסקוס-טבעון-JNF016714.jpeg, Alonim under construction, June 1938 File:מגדל שמירה באלונים בעמק יזרעאל-JNF022314.jpeg, Alonim, a watchtower, 1938 File:מגדל ביטחון באלונים-JNF022308.jpeg, Alomin, a watchtower, 1939 File:אלונים - מראה-JNF033700.jpeg, Alonim, 1945

State of Israel

The Israel National Arabian Horse Show is an annual event held at Kibbutz Alonim. As one of its economic branches, the kibbutz operates chicken coops in partnership with Kibbutz

Hannaton Hanaton () is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located twelve kilometers north of Nazareth near the Arab town of Shefaram, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In it had a population of . Etymology The Bible, biblica ...

.Nefesh B'Nefesh: Kibbutz Hannaton
/ref>

References

Bibliography

* * * * * *

External links

Kibbutz website
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 5:
IAAWikimedia commons
{{Authority control Kibbutzim Kibbutz Movement Populated places established in 1938 Jewish villages in Mandatory Palestine Populated places in Northern District (Israel)