Allstedt
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Allstedt () is a town in the district of Mansfeld-Südharz, in
Saxony-Anhalt Saxony-Anhalt ( ; ) is a States of Germany, state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Lower Saxony. It covers an area of and has a population of 2.17 million inhabitants, making it the List of German states ...
,
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
. It is situated approximatively 10 km southeast of Sangerhausen.


History

Allstedt is mentioned as the tithable place ''Altstedi'' in Friesenfeld in the Hersfeld Tithe Register, created between 881 and 899.
Henry the Fowler Henry the Fowler ( or '; ; – 2 July 936) was the duke of Saxony from 912 and the king of East Francia from 919 until his death in 936. As the first non- Frankish king of East Francia, he established the Ottonian dynasty of kings and emper ...
signed a charter in Allstedt in the year 935. Allstedt became a
royal court A royal court, often called simply a court when the royal context is clear, is an extended royal household in a monarchy, including all those who regularly attend on a monarch, or another central figure. Hence, the word ''court'' may also be app ...
, later an imperial palace. The now-extinct ministerial noble family "von Allstedt" had its ancestral seat here from the 12th century until the mid-14th century. Around 1200, the Wigberti Church was newly built in stone. Allstedt was granted town rights in 1425, and from 1516 the town used a seal. Thomas Müntzer became
pastor A pastor (abbreviated to "Ps","Pr", "Pstr.", "Ptr." or "Psa" (both singular), or "Ps" (plural)) is the leader of a Christianity, Christian congregation who also gives advice and counsel to people from the community or congregation. In Lutherani ...
at St. John's Church in 1523. He preached in the
German language German (, ) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe, Western and Central Europe. It is the majority and Official language, official (or co-official) language in Germany, Austria, Switze ...
. On 13 July 1524, he delivered the " Sermon to the Princes" in the castle chapel before Duke John and Elector Frederick. A new school was mentioned in 1568, and since 1570, wine-growing yields have been documented. During the Thirty Years’ War, the soldiers of Wallenstein, Tilly, and
Gustavus Adolphus Gustavus Adolphus (9 December N.S 19 December">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Old Style and New Style dates">N.S 19 December15946 November Old Style and New Style dates">N.S 16 November] 1632), also known in English as ...
were stationed in Allstedt. In 1681, the Plague (disease), plague struck Allstedt: from May to December, 817 people in the town died. The new St. John’s Church was consecrated in 1765.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Johann Wolfgang (von) Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath who is widely regarded as the most influential writer in the German language. His work has had a wide-ranging influence on Western literature, literary, Polit ...
often stayed in Allstedt on state business between 1776 and 1802. At the castle, he wrote, among other things, several acts of his '' Iphigenia''. The first ''Allstedter Wochenblatt'' newspaper appeared in 1840. Within the
German Empire The German Empire (),; ; World Book, Inc. ''The World Book dictionary, Volume 1''. World Book, Inc., 2003. p. 572. States that Deutsches Reich translates as "German Realm" and was a former official name of Germany. also referred to as Imperia ...
(1871–1918), Allstedt was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. In 1920, Allstedt became an exclave of the state of
Thuringia Thuringia (; officially the Free State of Thuringia, ) is one of Germany, Germany's 16 States of Germany, states. With 2.1 million people, it is 12th-largest by population, and with 16,171 square kilometers, it is 11th-largest in area. Er ...
within the district of
Weimar Weimar is a city in the state (Germany), German state of Thuringia, in Central Germany (cultural area), Central Germany between Erfurt to the west and Jena to the east, southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden. Together w ...
. A sugar factory was built in 1851, a malt factory in 1885, and a metalworks in 1890. In 1894, Allstedt was connected to the railway network via the Oberröblingen–Allstedt line. In 1899, the town received street lighting with gas lanterns. In 1922, Allstedt was connected to the power grid. On April 11, 1945, Allstedt was bombed by U.S. Air Forces. Eleven people were killed and significant damage was caused to buildings. Shortly thereafter, American forces entered Allstedt. The master painter Robert Deterra had arranged for white flags to be raised, for which he was sentenced to death by the mayor and local NSDAP group leader, Conrad Kirst. However, in the chaos of the occupation, Deterra managed to escape and save his life. In July, the
Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...
took over its occupation zone. Denazification began, and the dismantling of factories commenced. Refugees and expellees from the German eastern territories arrived in Allstedt, which was assigned to the district of Sangerhausen in the Province of Saxony as of October 1, 1945. Land reform began in 1946. In 1947, Allstedt was flooded by high water. In 1952, construction of a Red Army airfield began. Agricultural collectivization took place in 1960. In 1973, the Reichsbahn discontinued passenger service between Oberröblingen and Allstedt. The castle was renovated in 1974 and a museum was established. In 2010 Allstedt absorbed 12 former municipalities, that became subdivisions of the town.Gebietsänderungen vom 01. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2010
Statistisches Bundesamt The Federal Statistical Office (, shortened ''Destatis'') is a federal authority of Germany. It reports to the Federal Ministry of the Interior. The Office is responsible for collecting, processing, presenting and analysing statistical informati ...


Mayor

The independent candidate Daniel Kirchner was elected mayor of Allstedt on 25 February 2024 after winning the runoff election against CDU candidate Jürgen Richter, who was first elected mayor of Allstedt in 2003.


Geography

The town Allstedt consists of the following 13 ''Ortschaften'' or municipal divisions:Hauptsatzung der Stadt Allstedt
January 2020.
*Allstedt * Beyernaumburg * Emseloh * Holdenstedt * Katharinenrieth * Liedersdorf * Mittelhausen * Niederröblingen * Nienstedt * Pölsfeld * Sotterhausen * Winkel * Wolferstedt The town is located a few kilometers from the Thuringian state border. Two rivers flow through the town’s territory: the smaller Rohne, which comes from the Hornburg saddle in the northeast, and the larger Helme, which approaches from the west and turns south at Katharinenrieth to join the
Unstrut The Unstrut ( or ) is a river in Germany and a left tributary of the Saale. The Unstrut originates in northern Thuringia near Dingelstädt (west of Kefferhausen in the Eichsfeld area) and its catchment area is the whole of the Thuringian Ba ...
. Together with the Unstrut, the Helme forms a fertile plain known as Das Ried in Goldene Aue. North of Allstedt begin the foothills of the southern
Harz Mountains The Harz (), also called the Harz Mountains, is a Mittelgebirge, highland area in northern Germany. It has the highest elevations for that region, and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The nam ...
, and to the west rises the distinctive
Kyffhäuser The Kyffhäuser (,''Duden - Das Aussprachewörterbuch, 7. Auflage (German)'', Dudenverlag, sometimes also referred to as ''Kyffhäusergebirge'') is a hill range in Central Germany, shared by Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt, southeast of the Harz mou ...
range. To the south, beyond the wide Unstrut valley, lies the ridge of the
Hohe Schrecke The Hohe Schrecke is a ridge of hills in central Germany. It lies mainly within Thuringia; however, the southeastern part around Lossa belongs to the state of Saxony-Anhalt. Geography Together with the Schmücke, the Finne and the Hainleite, th ...
, and to the east, past the hilly terrain beyond
Querfurt Querfurt () is a town in the Saalekreis district, or ''Kreis'', in southern Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is located in a fertile area on the Querne, west from Merseburg. In 2020, the town had a population of 10,454. The town Querfurt consists of Q ...
, the land gradually slopes down toward the
Saale River The Saale (), also known as the Saxon Saale ( ) and Thuringian Saale (), is a river in Germany and a left-bank tributary of the Elbe. It is not to be confused with the smaller Franconian Saale, a right-bank tributary of the Main, or the Saale ...
. Southeast of Allstedt is the Saale-Unstrut-Triasland Nature Park.


Climate

The annual precipitation is 488 mm, which is extremely low. It ranks among the lowest 5% of values recorded in Germany. Only 2% of the weather stations operated by the German Meteorological Service (DWD) register lower values. February is the driest month, while the highest rainfall occurs in June. In June, precipitation is 2.1 times higher than in February. Seasonal variation in precipitation is moderate; 51% of weather stations record lower annual fluctuations.


Religion

From the 12th century until 1538, the Augustinian Canons monastery of Kaltenborn was located near Allstedt. In April 1525, it was plundered and devastated by residents of the villages of Riestedt and Emseloh. The residents and church of Allstedt became
Protestant Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divin ...
during the
Reformation The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation, was a time of major Theology, theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the p ...
. The St. Johannis Baptist Church in Allstedt is part of the Eisleben-Sömmerda church district within the Evangelical Church in Central Germany. The Catholic St. Wigbert Chapel has belonged to the Sangerhausen parish in the Merseburg deanery of the Diocese of Magdeburg since 2010. Until 1994, Catholics in Allstedt were formally part of the Diocese of Fulda. However, due to the
Inner German border The inner German border ( or ''deutsch–deutsche Grenze''; initially also , zonal boundary) was the frontier between the East Germany, German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) and the West Germany, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, West ...
, they were administratively assigned to the Episcopal Office of Erfurt-Meiningen. In 1994, the parish curate of Allstedt was transferred from the parish of Bad Frankenhausen (Erfurt-Meiningen) to the newly established Diocese of Magdeburg. The chapel was deconsecrated by decree on 28 August 2023, with the final service held on 21 October 2023. The monthly Saturday vigil mass that was previously held in the chapel has since been celebrated in the Protestant church.


Notable residents

* Johann Karl Wilhelm Voigt (1752–1821), mineralogist * Adolph Schmidt (1815–1903), jurist * Otto Piltz (1846–1910), painter * Melchior Acontius, humanist and poet (1515–1569 in Allstedt) * Gottfried Arnold, Lutheran theologian, (1700–1704) court preacher in Allstedt *
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Johann Wolfgang (von) Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath who is widely regarded as the most influential writer in the German language. His work has had a wide-ranging influence on Western literature, literary, Polit ...
, (1749–1832), acted several years at Castle Allstedt * Thomas Müntzer, (c. 1489 – 1525), acted in 1523–1525 Allstedt File:Allstedt - Markt - Rathaus 06 ies.jpg, Town Hall File:Allstedt - Stadtmühle 08 ies.jpg, Mill File:Allstedt_Beyernaumburg_Castle.jpg, Beyernaumburg Castle File:Beyernaumburg_Burg_Tor.jpg, Beyernaumburg Castle


References

Castles in Saxony-Anhalt Mansfeld-Südharz {{MansfeldSüdharz-geo-stub