Allelochaeta

''Allelochaeta'' is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.

It was published by Franz Petrak in '' Sydowia'' vol.9 (1–6) on page 464 in 1955.

''Allelochaeta'' was considered as a synonym of ''Diploceras'', one of the five groups of fungi into which the ''Seimatosporium'' complex was split by Nag Raj (in 1993). Based on a multi-gene phylogenetic study using the type species, Crous et al. (2018a), resurrected the genus ''Allelochaeta''. Members of this genus are characterized by mostly 3-septate, hyaline or pigmented, concolorous or versicolorous conidia, having branched or solitary, cellular or continuous appendages (Crous et al. 2018a). Crous et al. (2018a) discussed the conidial septation, appendage types and pigmentation loss and gain during the evolution of ''Allelochaeta'' species.

History

Then in 1977, it was thought to be a synonym of ''Seimatosporium'' (another fungi in the ''Sporocadaceae'' family) in Mycol. Pap. 141
Then in 1978, the fungal generic names of ''Allelochaeta'', ''Basilocula'', ''Ceuthosira'', ''Pycnidiochaeta'', and ''Xenodomus'' were found to be redundant. ''Allelochaeta'' and the single species of ''Allelochaeta gaubae'' was reduced to synonymy with ''Seimatosporium'' and '' Seimatosporium dilophosporum'', respectively. ''Basilocula'', ''Ceuthosira'', and ''Xenodomus'' were then treated as synonyms of '' Coleophoma'' with species ''Coleophoma lauricola'', ''Coleophoma aesculi'', and ''Coleophoma taxi'' proposed as new combinations. The names ''Microgloeum'' and ''Microgloeum pruni'' were shown to be applicable to a microconidial state associated with ''Cylindrosporium padi''. The generic name ''Neobarclaya'' is revived to accommodate ''Neobarclaya primaria'' and was segregated from ''Polynema'' in which ''Polynema ornatum'' and ''Polynema radiatum'' comb. nov. were then accepted. ''Pycnidiochaeta'' and its type species, ''Pycnidiochaeta biciliata'', are reduced to synonymy with ''Dinemasporium'' and ''Dinemasporium gramineum'', respectively.

In 2018, the appendaged coelomycete genus of ''Seimatosporium'' (''Sporocadaceae'', Sordariomycetes) and some of its purported synonyms ''Allelochaeta'', ''Diploceras'' and ''Vermisporium'' are re-evaluated. Based on DNA data for five loci (ITS, LSU, rpb2, tub2 and tef1), ''Seimatosporium'' was found to be paraphyletic. The ex-type species of ''Allelochaeta'', ''Discostromopsis'' and ''Vermisporium'' represent a distinct sister clade to which the oldest name ''Allelochaeta'' was then used. These genera were traditionally separated based on a combination of conidial pigmentation, septation (having a septum or dividing wall), and the nature of their conidial appendages. ''Allelochaeta'' was found to include taxa with both branched or solitary appendages, that could be cellular or continuous, with conidia being (2-)3(-5)-septate, hyaline, or pigmented, concolorous or versicolorous. These differences suggests that these characters should be applied at species, and not at the generic level. Conidial pigmentation appears to have been lost or gained several times during the evolution of species within ''Allelochaeta''.

Hosts

''Allelochaeta brevilata'' is found on species of eucalypts in Australia.

Distribution

It has a wide distribution, found in North America, Central America, Europe, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;

*''Allelochaeta acuta''
*''Allelochaeta biseptata''
*''Allelochaeta brevicentra''
*''Allelochaeta brevilata''
*''Allelochaeta cylindrospora''
*''Allelochaeta dilophospora''
*''Allelochaeta elegans''
*''Allelochaeta euabalongensis''
*''Allelochaeta eucalypti''
*''Allelochaeta falcata''
*''Allelochaeta flexuosa''
*'' Allelochaeta fusispora''
*''Allelochaeta gaubae''
*'' Allelochaeta kriegeriana''
*'' Allelochaeta melaleucae''
*'' Allelochaeta minor''
*'' Allelochaeta neoacuta''
*'' Allelochaeta neocylindrospora''
*'' Allelochaeta neodilophospora''
*'' Allelochaeta neofalcata''
*'' Allelochaeta neoorbicularis''
*'' Allelochaeta neowalkeri''
*'' Allelochaeta obliquae''
*'' Allelochaeta obtusa''
*'' Allelochaeta orbicularis''
*'' Allelochaeta paracylindrospora''
*'' Allelochaeta paraelegans''
*'' Allelochaeta parafalcata''
*'' Allelochaeta paraleptospermi''
*'' Allelochaeta paramelaleucae''
*'' Allelochaeta paraorbicularis''
*'' Allelochaeta polycarpae''
*'' Allelochaeta pseudoacuta''
*'' Allelochaeta pseudoelegans''
*'' Allelochaeta pseudofalcata''
*'' Allelochaeta pseudoobtusa''
*'' Allelochaeta pseudosamuelii''
*'' Allelochaeta pseudowalkeri''
*'' Allelochaeta samuelii''
*'' Allelochaeta sparsifoliae''
*'' Allelochaeta verrucispora''
*'' Allelochaeta walkeri''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q105134173

Amphisphaeriales
Taxa named by Franz Petrak
Taxa described in 1955