Muḥammad Hāshim Thattvī (16921761; , ) was an Islamic scholar,

author In legal discourse, an author is the creator of an original work that has been published, whether that work exists in written, graphic, visual, or recorded form. The act of creating such a work is referred to as authorship. Therefore, a sculpt ...

philanthropist Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives for the public good, focusing on quality of life". Philanthropy contrasts with business initiatives, which are private initiatives for private good, focusing on material ...

, and a spiritual leader who was considered a saint by his followers. He was the first ever translator of the

Quran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...

Sindhi language Sindhi ( ; or , ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by more than 30 million people in the Pakistani province of Sindh, where it has official status, as well as by 1.7 million people in India, where it is a Scheduled languages of India, schedu ...

.Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on maktabah.org website
Published 15 December 2012, Retrieved 3 January 2018

Activities

He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era. He was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain. He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among

Sufi Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are r ...

s. He wrote ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (a book about Islam in Sindhi society and culture), ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah'' (a book based on the Hanafi theology), ''Al-Baqiyat as-Salihat'' (a biography of great Islamic figures) and other books. His religious dictums shaped Sindhi culture and Islamic tradition in Sindh. He was believed to be a leading expert authority on the Fatwa-e-Alamgiri. He belonged to the

Naqshbandi Naqshbandi (Persian: نقشبندیه) is a major Sufi order within Sunni Islam, named after its 14th-century founder, Baha' al-Din Naqshband. Practitioners, known as Naqshbandis, trace their spiritual lineage (silsila) directly to the Prophet ...

order of Sufism, and followed the

Hanafi school The Hanafi school or Hanafism is the oldest and largest Madhhab, school of Islamic jurisprudence out of the four schools within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the Faqīh, jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa (), who systemised the ...

of thought. He has a large following throughout the Muslim world specially in

Sindh Sindh ( ; ; , ; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind (caliphal province), Sind or Scinde) is a Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, southeastern region of the country, Sindh is t ...

and Thatta district in specific. Published 11 January 2016, Retrieved 3 January 2018

Family lineage

Thattvi descends from Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib of the

Quraysh The Quraysh () are an Tribes of Arabia, Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise of Islam. Their members were divided into ten main clans, most notably including the Banu Hashim, into which Islam's founding prophet Muhammad was born. By ...

tribe, to which the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

also belonged.

Early life and education

Makhdoom belonged to a very traditional, religious and educated family and received basic education from his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor. His father taught him to memorise and recite the Quran. He further learned Persian language and Fiqh at home and travelled to Thatta the centre of education, poetry, spiritual grooming and culture of the time for receiving higher education. It was in the time of the Kalhora dynasty when Sindh was at its peak in reference to rich culture and economic progress. Scholars, poets, intellectuals were found in abundance and such people were very much obeyed, trusted and respected. Thatta had been entirely unique as in the year 1111 Hijri, it had 400 high schools and 1400 mosques and is considered a unique city even today. Makhdoom Muhammad went to Makhdoom Zia uddin Thattvi to learn the science of ahadith and associated matters. It took him nine years to learn Persian and Arabic. Meanwhile, his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor died on 1113 Hijri in the blessed month of Dhul-hajj and was buried in his place at Sehwan. Makhdoom visited

Makkah Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above sea level. Its metropo ...

and

Madinah Medina, officially al-Madinah al-Munawwarah (, ), also known as Taybah () and known in pre-Islamic times as Yathrib (), is the capital of Medina Province (Saudi Arabia), Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ...

and learned exegesis, hadiths, religious fundamentals, tajwid and fiqh.

Books

He wrote books in

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

, Sindhi and Persian including: * ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (مدح نامه سنڌ): The book contains merits and values of Sindh and Sindhi society in the 18th century. * ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah''. * al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (الباقيات الصالحات). His authored books are included in the syllabus of

Al-Azhar University The Al-Azhar University ( ; , , ) is a public university in Cairo, Egypt. Associated with Al-Azhar Al-Sharif in Islamic Cairo, it is Egypt's oldest degree-granting university and is known as one of the most prestigious universities for Islamic ...

today as well. Some of his books have recently been translated into Sindhi by

Allama Muhammad Idrees Dahiri Muhammad Idrees Dahri (, ; born 17 September 1947) is an Islamic scholar, preacher, writer, author, poet and researcher of Sindh, Pakistan. He is Hanafi, Maturidi, and belongs to the Naqshbandi Mujaddidi Sufi order and the Barelvi movement of S ...

and Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi, including Madah Nama Sindh, al-Baqiyat as-Salihat and Khamsat at-Tahirah.

Mausoleum and shrine

Thousands of devotees and followers visit his mausoleum and shrine every day which is located in Makli, Thatta, near the historical Makli graveyard. Many followers are buried alongside his shrine. Few of the names of the notables resting there are as follows: Ubaidullah Sindhi and

Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi (; September 20, 1911 – April 1, 1982) was a Sindhi historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, met ...

Urs - Death Anniversary

Makhdoom Hashim's

urs Urs (from ''‘Urs'') or Urus (literal meaning wedding), is the death anniversary of a Sufi saint, usually held at the saint's dargah (shrine or tomb). In most Sufi orders such as Naqshbandiyyah, Suhrawardiyya, Chishtiyya, Qadiriyya, etc. ...

is celebrated every year on the 6th of

rajab Rajab () is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar. The lexical definition of the classical Arabic verb ''rajaba'' is "to respect", which could also mean "be awe or be in fear", of which Rajab is a derivative. This month is regarded as one ...

at the shrine. The day's proceedings involve recitation of the Quran, hymns and praises of Allah and Muhammad and the Prophet, and religious discourses are given by local orators and scholars.254th death anniversary of renowned scholar Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi today
Sindh Times (newspaper), Published 10 February 2017, Retrieved 3 January 2018

References

External links

*http://wikimapia.org/6133378/makhdoom-mohd-Hashim-Thattvi-tomb *https://archive.org/details/QasidaYaSalikasindhiLanguage *http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/Usharzakaat/sehwan.htm *http://www.scribd.com/doc/46505203/List-of-Books-in-English0 *http://jeaysindhqaumimahaz.blogspot.com/2010/11/chapter-2-era-and-political-environment.html {{DEFAULTSORT:Makhdoom Syed Muhammad Hashim 1692 births 1761 deaths Persian-language poets Hanafi fiqh scholars Hanafis Maturidis Indian Arabic-language poets Poets from the Mughal Empire People from Thatta District Sindhi-language poets Quranic exegesis scholars Qadiri order Scholars from Sindh