All Partners Access Network

All Partners Access Network (APAN), formerly called Asia-Pacific Area Network, is a United States Department of Defense (USDOD) social networking website used for information sharing and collaboration. APAN is the premier collaboration enterprise for the USDOD. The APAN network of communities fosters multinational interaction and multilateral cooperation by allowing users to post multimedia and other content in blogs, wikis, Internet forum, forums, document libraries and media galleries. APAN is used for Humanitarian aid, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, exercise planning, conferences and work groups. APAN provides non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and U.S. partner nations who do not have access to traditional, closed USDOD networks with an unclassified tool to communicate.

History

1997–2004

The origins of APAN can be traced back to the Virtual Information Center (VIC), which was created at Camp H. M. Smith, Camp Smith in Honolulu, Honolulu, Hawaii. The VIC was established as an open source, information network designed to provide timely crisis-driven information to command decision makers. Dennis C. Blair, Admiral Dennis Blair, the United States Pacific Command, U.S. Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Command, believed that genuine security within the region comes only when nations share dependable expectations of peaceful change, and act in concert to address common challenges. He maintained that armed forces, in conjunction with diplomatic efforts, should cooperate. It was at this same time U.S. coalition partners were seeking greater interoperability within the United States Pacific Command, USPACOM Area of responsibility, Area of Responsibility (AOR). As a result, APAN was created in March 2000 to provide partner nations with a non-dot-mil (.mil), unclassified link into the Virtual Information Center to establish a way to communicate worldwide.

Blair's objective was to further the USPACOM Regional Security Cooperation objectives using collaborative, online tools. Through his direction, the Asia-Pacific Area Network was utilized to encourage cooperation on common tasks, from search and rescue to peacekeeping operations to promoting collaboration across the Pacific. The goal was to collaborate, cooperate and coordinate with USPACOM foreign partners and Non-governmental organization, NGOs.

Blair, collaborating with Daniel Inouye, Senator Daniel K. Inouye, received congressional funding through the Asia-Pacific Regional Initiative Fund (APRI) to further develop APAN.

As development of Asia Pacific Area Network continued, partnering nations began to increase situation awareness of events and developments within the Asia-Pacific region. APAN provided mutual benefit by providing capabilities, information and shared results instantly with USPACOM foreign counterparts and NGOs. APAN played a major role in Operation Unified Assistance to assist relief efforts to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. During this Humanitarian response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, humanitarian response militaries from multiple countries worked with NGOs in Thailand. APAN was utilized to assist in cooperation of these efforts to assist more than 12,600 United States Department of Defense, USDOD personnel, foreign military partners and NGOs that were involved in the relief effort.

2005–2009

As APAN grew, other HADR exercises and planning sessions utilized APAN. In 2005, the USPACOM APAN (J08) team merged to form the J7 Training Directorate.

On April 1, 2007, in a report to the United States Congress, U.S. Congress on the Implementation of United States Department of Defense, U.S. DOD Directive 3000.05 Military Support for Stability, Security, Transition and Reconstruction (SSTR) Operations supporting National security, U.S. National Security National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive, Presidential Directive 44 (NSPD-44), Management of Interagency Efforts Concerning Reconstruction and Stabilization Operations, United States Secretary of Defense, U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates said, "Exercises and security cooperation activities such as Balikatan and Cobra Gold, support to the Global Peace Operations Initiative, bilateral activities with regional allies, and cooperative planning through United States Pacific Command, U.S. Pacific Command's 33-nation Multi-national Planning and Augmentation Team are further strengthening the relationships essential to stability operations. The value of these relationships and capabilities was demonstrated in tsunami, earthquake, and landslide relief operations, as well as in supporting activities for Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines. To improve regional stability operations coordination and interoperability, U.S. Pacific Command sponsors the Asia Pacific Area Network (APAN), an unclassified internet-based collaboration portal for Humanitarian aid, humanitarian assistance and Emergency management, disaster relief operations. APAN supports United States Pacific Command, U.S. Pacific Command's theater strategy and improves coordination among government agencies and international organizations. United States Pacific Command, U.S. Pacific Command will continue to expand its interagency and multi-national approach to stability operations through exercises, workshops, and expanded initiatives."

In 2009, APAN was chosen by the Oversight Executive Board as the platform for the Transnational Information Sharing and Collaboration (TISC) Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD). Once this occurred, APAN was being utilized by individuals outside of the United States Pacific Command, USPACOM Area of responsibility, AOR and changed its name to All Partners Access network.

2010–2015

After several years of developing APAN, in January 2010, the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) set up an APAN Community to assist more than 500 organizations looking to coordinate efforts for the 2010 Haiti earthquake within United States Southern Command, USSOUTHCOM. APAN was utilized to support Operation Unified Response to coordinate Non-governmental organization, NGOs, foreign governments. private individuals and Humanitarian aid, humanitarian assistance. Users utilized APAN to share situation reports, imagery and other crucial statistics with the humanitarian aid community. Over 1,400 users, including the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, Red Cross and smaller relief organizations communicated with one another using APAN. to relieve the suffering in Haiti. In an interview conducted with the CTO of Defense Information Systems Agency, DISA by Defense Systems, Dave Mihelcic, states "One of the things we learned...is that you can't always understand who your partners are. One night I was on APAN, watching Haiti relief being coordinated by a United States Southern Command, U.S. Southern Command operator, and someone popped in and said, 'I'm the owner of a construction business in Biloxi, Mississippi, Biloxi [Miss.] and I have four qualified bulldozer operators, and if you can arrange transportation to Haiti, they can participate in the relief.' And they were able to coordinate that."

In 2011, the US DOD announced a new Unclassified Information Sharing Service (UISS) as an enterprise service centrally funded for all Combatant Commands (COCOMs) to use with mission partners in their respective AORs.

2019

On February 12, 2019, The Office of the Deputy Secretary of Defense released a directive-type memorandum for Mission Partner Environments (MPE). Through the Mission Partner Environments program, the US Air Force "assumes responsibility for modernization, management, integration, and consolidation of All Partners Access Network."

Technology

APAN users can select between two platforms based on their community need: Telligent Community, Telligent or SharePoint. Added to APAN in 2010, Telligent Community, Telligent provided APAN users a more social opportunity and uses blogs, wikis, Internet forum, forums and media galleries. In 2013, APAN added SharePoint as a secondary platform for those users who were looking for more structured content using document libraries and lists.

Additional features

Chat

APAN added chat services to support Disaster recovery plan, HADR events and exercises for users to collaborate in real-time from a browser in 2014.

Conferencing

APAN added Adobe Connect to facilitate real-time audio and video conferencing to assist with online training and learning in 2000.

Maps and GIS

In 2012, APAN adds Mapping and Geographic information system, GIS capabilities to support collaboration. Mapping capabilities are enhanced on October 31, 2015.

Mobile

On October 31, 2015, APAN upgrades Telligent Community, Telligent platform to support Responsive web design, responsive design.

Translation

In 2014, APAN enhances Machine translation, translation tools across APAN to be able to communicate with foreign partners using multiple languages.

Technology releases

Impact

Global communication and collaboration impacts

Cobra Gold

An Asia-Pacific military exercise held annually in Thailand, utilized APAN for emergency notifications during the 2008 Cobra Gold exercise. Partnering with AtHoc IWSAlerts, through United States Pacific Command, USPACOM, the United States Army Pacific, U.S. Army Pacific (USARPAC) led operators from the Joint Task Force 2, Joint Task Force protection teams throughout Thailand using the emergency alerts for critical communication needs during practice Emergency management, disaster relief efforts. Cobra Gold improved coordinated efforts to natural disaster response including the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the Typhoon Haiyan response.

RONNA

Originally developed on Harmonie Web, RONNA was moved to APAN in 2011. RONNA provided information sharing between partners working to build a peaceful and democratic state in Afghanistan. RONNA's purpose was to fill information gaps that existed between government and Non-governmental organization, NGOs and other Afghan partners. "Over thirty communities from organizations including International Security Assistance Force, ISAF, United States Agency for International Development, USAID, the United States Secretary of the Treasury, U.S. Treasury and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan" shared information within the RONNA community of interest.

Endeavor Exercises

APAN has supported the United States Department of Defense, USDOD's program of "Endeavor" exercises: Pacific Endeavor, Africa Endeavor, and Combined Endeavor. These exercises have brought together military representatives from various nations in a region to practice communications in crisis scenarios. Hundreds of communications officers and technicians from around the globe have gathered annually for these events to practice communicating before a crisis strikes and to build relationships beyond cultural boundaries.

= Combined Endeavor

=
Combined Endeavor, the largest command, control, communications and computer interoperability event in the world, used APAN to provide online collaboration for exercise planning and equipment management.

= Africa Endeavor

=
In 2010, for the first time ever, a direct communications link was established between the African Union and units in the field as part of the annual Africa Endeavor 2010 Exercise by using APAN, to allow international military and Non-governmental organization, NGO groups to work together in a neutral online environment. Approximately 40 countries participate in bilingual crisis response exercises using English and French with approximately 1,000 members of the APAN community sharing pictures and files using translation functions that have supplemented the use of Language interpretation, interpreters, which has expanded participants' ability to overcome language barriers.

= Pacific Endeavor – Multinational Communications Interoperability Program (MCIP)

=
Since 2010, through United States Pacific Command, USPACOM, MCIP has hosted Pacific Endeavor exercises that have brought together partner nation militaries and HADR experts from around the world to develop, test, and improve communication systems across the Pacific. MCIP has used APAN to promote humanitarian communication, for its planning workshops. The planning workshops assisted United States Pacific Command, USPACOM partners and Non-governmental organization, NGOs to plan communication procedures in the event of a natural disasters and to build partnerships. On August 19, 2014, part of an exercise performed through MCIP was for Nepalese amateur radio operators to report earthquake aftershocks to United States Pacific Command, USPACOM using APAN. This practice proved successful as partners around the world knew how to communicate during the April 2015 Nepal earthquake, 2015 Nepal earthquake using the bulletin board established on APAN.

CJTF-HOA

In 2014, Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) used APAN forums to conduct collaboration and sharing between scholars, government, Non-governmental organization, NGOs and professionals around the world who were interested in East African Issues. The Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa, CJTF-HOA APAN community provided its members chat, file, sharing, geo-data, and translation for situation awareness and knowledge specific to the Horn of Africa.

2015 Nepal earthquake

The April 2015 Nepal earthquake, 7.3 earthquake that shook Nepal damaged various radio antennae and Amateur radio, Amateur Radio for emergency operations was down in Nepal and the surrounding area. The Army Military Auxiliary Radio System (MARS) gathered information and statistics on the earthquake and relayed messages around the world to other Amateur radio operator, HAM operators and also posted the information on the NEPAL HADR APAN community of interest for those who were assisting to coordinate relief efforts.

Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) impacts

2010 Haiti earthquake

The 2010 Haiti earthquake was one of the List of natural disasters by death toll, world's deadliest national disasters. Shortly after the earthquake, surviving officials of the government of Haiti made urgent request for United States assistance. APAN was requested to assist as the primary communication hub for the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Haiti earthquake relief efforts for unclassified, nonmilitary information sharing and collaboration. United States Southern Command, USSOUTHCOM established an APAN community of interest and within three weeks, APAN had more than 1,800 registered users supporting the relief efforts.

Imagery, maps, photos, assessments, situation reports, common operational picture reports, and requests for information were all made available on APAN to support the Humanitarian aid, humanitarian assistance. From the information-management standpoint, the decision to keep the Haiti operations within the unclassified domain enabled information sharing across agencies.

A user on APAN posted, "Sacre Coeur Hospital in Milot, Haiti is appealing for patients. Need coordination to get helos to hospital." Two days later, the hospital reported going from 20 patients to 112 new patients with 12 helicopter landings and 17 foreign doctors assisting the patients; four days later the hospital expanded into a nearby school with 100 more patients with cots and equipment.

2011 Japan earthquake

In March 2011, a public community of interest was created on APAN, Japan Earthquake 2011 Support, in an effort to facilitate information sharing with U.S. Government organizations and Non-governmental organization, NGOs involved in the Disaster response, disaster relief efforts. A private community, the Virtual Civil Military Operations Center (VCMOC), was set up in order to develop an unclassified Common Operating Picture (COP) and to share information in support of Joint relief operations. Members of the VCMOC were invited by invitation only. Both communities were created on APAN to assist Operation Tomodachi. Operation Tomodachi was the first joint operation in the field for United States Forces Japan, US Forces Japan (USFJ) and Japan Self-Defense Forces (USDF) within the United States Pacific Command, USPACOM Area of operations, AOR. Watchstanders were able to provide Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs) and Concept of operations, Concept of Operations (CONOPs) via APAN. APAN was used to coordinate travel for United States military families who were evacuating and traveling back to the United States. from Japan. APAN forums provided links for those traveling as well as FAQs. The Yale-Tulane Disaster Resilience Academy created daily briefs to compile information into a format that could be shared through public blogs.

RIMPAC 2012: Operation Restore Chianti

For the first time in Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC's 41-year history, an HADR component was part of the maritime exercise, with U.S. hospital participation. Hospitals participated in the disaster scenario with helicopter landings, patient transport for patients with simulated injuries. During the fictitious response Operation Restore Chianti, simulated DOD-produced public health messaging, resupply and exercise communications occurred on 800 MHz frequency band, 800MHz and APAN. The exercise also incorporated Crowdsourcing, crowd-sourced crisis mapping components to simulate the mass influx of social media messages that are produced during a disaster. Volunteers produced and validated over 2,000 incident reports that were funneled into APAN's map feeds. This shared communication platform for RIMPAC participants was offered by APAN.

RIMPAC 2014: Operation Restore Griffon

APAN was used to increase accessibility and collaboration for the Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC HADR portion of Operation Restore Griffon. The APAN community of interest was designed to provide a space for coordinating requirements and contributions related to a fictitious hurricane response effort during Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC 2014. The United Nations also worked side by side with APAN during Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC 2014 using an RSS feed to post information from United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, UNOCHA's Virtual On-Site Operations Coordination Center (VOSOCC) website to APAN. APAN was a conduit for China to be able to participate in RIMPAC for the first time; the United States Department of Defense, U.S. DOD would not allow China access to classified networks that were utilized within the exercise. Partnerships started at Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC continue to work on shared procedures for future use.

RIMPAC 2016: Operation Restore Griffon

APAN was used in the Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC – HADR exercise. The exercise simulated Humanitarian aid, humanitarian assistance after a 7.9 earthquake hit the fictitious country of Griffon. Civilian participants included: Hawaii Disaster Medical Assist Team (HDMAT); Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA); Civil-Military Coordination Center (CMCC); United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (US-OCHA); Commander Combined Task Force (CCTF); National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) & Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USDP). Military participants included: Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, JMSDF); United States Third Fleet, US THIRDFLT Forces; Canada and various LNO's from Exercise RIMPAC, RIMPAC coalition countries.

2013 Philippines typhoon

The global response to Typhoon Haiyan began hours after the storm hit the Philippines on November 8, 2013. USPACOM, in coordination with APAN, launched the Typhoon Haiyan Response Group to provide a centralized location for coordination and communication. APAN was used to provide situation reports on damage. APAN users were able to upload documents, data-sets and files to assist in the relief efforts to decrease response time. Partnering with the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, APAN's mapping tools provided National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, NGA data to automatically federate geo-spatial content which was utilized to provide the maps for infrastructure and agriculture.

November 2018 California wildfire response

On November 8, 2018, the Camp Fire ignited in northern California. The Camp Fire was the most destructive fire in California's history. APAN provided support to the California Military Department (CMD), "to ensure cooperation and coordination was taking place, CMD invited those supporting the disaster response into their APAN community, including California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) and California's Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E). PG&E needed a way to track their field operators."

Health impacts

2014 Ebola Response Network (ERN)

United States Africa Command, USAFRICOM supported the United States Agency for International Development, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) which led the foreign humanitarian assistance efforts for Operation United Assistance. Operation United Assistance was a United States military mission to respond to the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa, Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa in September 2014. Through coordination and collaboration, Non-governmental organization, NGOs and the US Military were able to utilize APAN to create the Ebola Response Network, an APAN community of interest. APAN also worked with the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, National Geospatial-intelligence Agency (NGA) to provide accurate data and maps for mission related efforts using the Ebola Response Network. Within the first month of the Ebola Response Network being deployed, it had 600 members sharing updates and announcements, uploading documents and using chat rooms.

Recognition

APAN has been honored by different organizations.
# 2010 – Forrester Groundswell Award: Management Division
# 2011 – Excellence in Intergovernmental Collaboration from The American Council for Technology and Industry Advisory Council (ACT-IAC)
# 2013 – The Computerworld Honors Program; Laureate: Collaboration Finalist

Location

APAN is headquartered at the K. Mark Takai Pacific Warfighting Center on Ford Island in Honolulu, Honolulu, Hawaii.

References

External links

* {{Official website

American social networking websites
Emergency management software
United States Department of Defense
Multilateral relations
Military simulation
Military in Hawaii
Humanitarian military operations