Alkeyevsky District (; ) is a territorial administrative unit and

municipal district A municipal district is an administrative entity comprising a clearly-defined territory and its population. It may be a city, a town, a village, a small grouping of them, or a rural area. Brazil In Brazil, municipal districts are, in general, su ...

of the

Republic of Tatarstan Tatarstan, officially the Republic of Tatarstan, sometimes also called Tataria, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is a part of the Volga Federal District; and its capital city, capital and largest city i ...

located within the

Russian Federation Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. The total land area of the Alkeyevsky District is 1726,8 km2. The district includes 70 urban and 21 rural settlements. The administrative center is the village of Bazarnye Mataki. As of 2020, people resided in the district.

Geography

The Alkeyevsky District is located in the south the republic of Tatarstan. It borders the

Samara Samara, formerly known as Kuybyshev (1935–1991), is the largest city and administrative centre of Samara Oblast in Russia. The city is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Samara (Volga), Samara rivers, with a population of over 1.14 ...

and

Ulyanovsk Oblast Ulyanovsk Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Ulyanovsk. It has a populat ...

s as well as the Spassky, Alekseevsky and Nurlatsky districts of Tatarstan. Forested areas remain well preserved in the northern part of the district. The main rivers flowing through the district are the

Maly Cheremshan The Maly Cheremshan (literally, ''The Little Cheremshan'', ; ) is a river in Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russian Federation, a right-bank tributary of the Bolshoy Cheremshan. It is long. The river's drainage basin covers .

(tributaries of the Ata, Shiya, Yukhmachka), Aktay and Bezdna rivers.

Coat of arms

A horseman is prominently displayed on the district coat of arms, symbolizing the historical links between the state of

Volga Bulgaria Volga Bulgaria or Volga–Kama Bulgaria (sometimes referred to as the Volga Bulgar Emirate) was a historical Bulgar state that existed between the 9th and 13th centuries around the confluence of the Volga and Kama River, in what is now Europea ...

and the district. Four multi-colored fields symbolize the changing of seasons and the agricultural focus of the region. Gold represents yield, abundance, stability, respect and intelligence. Silver is a symbol of purity, perfection, peace and understanding while red stands for labor, strength, courage and beauty; the blue in the center stands for honor, nobility, spirituality; green signifies nature, health and growth in life; purple invokes fame, honor and greatness; while black is a symbol of wisdom, modesty, eternity of being. The flag was designed on the basis of the district coat of arms. It has a rectangular form divided horizontally by yellow and green stripes. A blue diamond with a rider in the center reaches the top and bottom of the canvas.

History

In the

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistory, prehistoric period during which Rock (geology), stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years and ended b ...

, the territory of the district was one of the centers of human settlement in the Middle

Volga region The Volga region, known as the ( , ; rus, Поволжье, r=Povolžje, p=pɐˈvoɫʐje; ), is a historical region in Russia that encompasses the drainage basin of the Volga River, the longest river in Europe, in central and southern European ...

. The Staronokhrat, Staromatak and Tyugulbaevskoe

hillfort A hillfort is a type of fortification, fortified refuge or defended settlement located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. They are typical of the late Bronze Age Europe, European Bronze Age and Iron Age Europe, Iron Age. So ...

s, around 126

kurgan A kurgan is a type of tumulus (burial mound) constructed over a grave, often characterized by containing a single human body along with grave vessels, weapons, and horses. Originally in use on the Pontic–Caspian steppe, kurgans spread into mu ...

s and 130 villages are among the significant

archaeological site An archaeological site is a place (or group of physical sites) in which evidence of past activity is preserved (either prehistoric or recorded history, historic or contemporary), and which has been, or may be, investigated using the discipline ...

s in the district known to scholars. Later, the territory of the modern region became part of

. According to one local legend, the name of the region originates from the Bulgar Alp-batyr. Until 1920, the territory was part of the Spassky district of the

Kazan Governorate Kazan Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit ('' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR from 1708 to 1920, with its capital in Kazan. History Kazan Governorate, together with seven other ...

. Later it would be transferred to the Spassky

canton Canton may refer to: Administrative divisions * Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries * Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French Arts and entertainment * Canton (band), an It ...

of the

TASSR The Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as Tatar ASSR or TASSR, was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR. The resolution for its creation was signed on 27 May 1920 and the republic was proclaimed on 25 June 1920. Kazan ...

. The Alkeevsky district was formed on August 10, 1930. In February 1935, the Kuznechikhinsky District was separated from the southern and western parts of the district. Initially, the administrative center of the district was the village of Alkeevo (now Nizhnee Alkeevo). In 1937 (according to other sources - in 1932) the regional center was relocated to Bazarnye Mataki. In February 1944, the Yukhmachinsky district (abolished in 1956) was formed by marrying the southern part of the Alkeevsky and the eastern part of the Kuznechikhinsky districts. In October 1960, most of the territory of the abolished Kuznechikhinsky district was transferred to the Alkeevsky district. On February 1, 1963, as part of reforms to the administrative-territorial structure of Tatarstan, the Alkeevsky district was abolished with its territory being transferred to the Kuibyshevsky district. Yet two years later, on January 12, 1965, the district would find itself restored to its current borders. Ferdinat Davletshin was appointed head of the district in 1999, holding this position until 2014. In September 2015, this post was taken by Nikoshin Alexander.

Economy

According to 2019 figures, the average monthly salary in the district amounted to rubles for employees of organizations; rubles for employees of municipal institutions of culture and art, and rubles for preschool organizations. In the period from 2010 to 2020, the ratio of wages to the minimum consumer budget increased from 1.88 to 2.3 times, and the unemployment rate slightly decreased in the period 2013 to 2020 from 1.58% to 1.11%.

Agriculture

The driving sector of the regional economy is agriculture, with a focus on

pastoral farming Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, or other products. It includes day-to-day care, management, production, nutrition, selective breeding, and the raising of livestock. ...

and

pig farming Pig farming, pork farming, pig production or hog farming is the raising and breeding of domestic pigs as livestock, and is a branch of animal husbandry. Pigs are farmed principally for food (e.g. pork: bacon, ham, gammon (meat), gammon) and l ...

. The district agro-industrial complex produces about 80% of the

gross regional product Gross regional domestic product (GRDP), gross domestic product of region (GDPR), or gross state product (GSP) is a statistic that measures the size of a region's economy. It is the aggregate of gross value added (GVA) of all resident producer unit ...

. Over 125 thousand hectares have been allocated for the needs of agriculture, of which 114.8 thousand hectares are arable land. Large food enterprises for the production of bread, bakery, pasta and cereals, flour, vegetable oils, semi-finished products from meat and dairy products operate in the district. Among these main regional enterprises are "Krasny Vostok Agro", the industrial pig-breeding complex "Salman", "Khuzangaevskoye", "Yash Kuch" and 43 private peasant farms. From January to September 2020, regional companies shipped goods worth 391 million rubles. For comparison, for the entire 2013th the same economical indicator constituted only 104 million. In the first half of 2020, gross agricultural output amounted to almost 1.15 billion rubles (for the entire 2013 this figure was almost 1.8 billion).

Investment potential

Investments in fixed assets for the first half of 2020 in the Alkeevsky district amounted to 592 thousand rubles, or 0.3% of total investment in Tatarstan. By the share of investment in 2020, the leading sectors are agricultural development, hunting and fishing (a total of 118 million rubles) and the electricity sector (almost 26 million). According to figures released by the

Federal State Statistics Service The Federal State Statistics Service (, abbreviated as Rosstat) is the governmental statistics agency in Russia. Since 2017, it is again part of the Ministry of Economic Development, having switched several times in the previous decades betw ...

in 2019, the district attracted almost 1.3 billion rubles in investment (in addition to budgetary funds and tax income from small businesses), by comparison the same figure in 2018 constituted 1.1 billion rubles.

Transportation

The village Bazarny Mataki is located 152 km south-east of

Kazan Kazan; , IPA: Help:IPA/Tatar, ɑzanis the largest city and capital city, capital of Tatarstan, Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka (river), Kazanka Rivers, covering an area of , with a population of over 1. ...

and 72 km north-east of the nearest railway station "Bryandino". There is an inactive airport serving local airlines and regional aviation located in Bazarny Mataki. The main roads are the 16K-0191 Alekseevskoe - Bazarny Mataki - Vysoky Kolok (part of the Kazan -

route), 16K-0248 Bazaar Mataki - Mamykovo (to

Nurlat Nurlat (; ) is a town in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the Kondurcha River, southeast of Kazan. Population: History Nurlat was formerly known as Nurlat-Oktyabrsky. It was founded in 1905 as a settlement around a railway stat ...

) and 16K-0264 Bazaar Mataki - Bolgar, Bazaar Mataki - Izh-Boriskino "," Nizhnee Alkeevo - Kuznechikha "," Bilyarsk - Chuvash Brod ".

Ecology

Natural monument A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as w ...

s of regional importance in the district include the floodplain of the Maly Cheremshan River and the Tatarsko-Akhmetyevskoe peat

bog A bog or bogland is a wetland that accumulates peat as a deposit of dead plant materials often mosses, typically sphagnum moss. It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, mosses, quagmire, and musk ...

. These monuments are home to protected plant species listed in the Red Book of Tatarstan such as the betula humilis,

pyrola chlorantha ''Pyrola chlorantha'', the greenflowered wintergreen, is a species of the plant genus ''Pyrola''. It has a circumboreal distribution and is found throughout the northern latitudes of Eurasia and North America. ''Pyrola chlorantha'' is found in t ...

epipactis palustris ''Epipactis palustris'', the marsh helleborine, is a species of orchid native to Europe and Asia. Description ''Epipactis palustris'' is a perennial herbaceous plant. This species has a stem growing to 60 cm high with as many as ten ere ...

cirsium palustre ''Cirsium palustre'', the marsh thistle or European swamp thistle, is a herbaceous biennial (or often perennial) flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Description ''Cirsium palustre'' is a tall thistle which reaches up to in height. The ...

, marsh dremlik, marsh thistle and others.

Social Resources and Cultural Sector

There are 33 educational institutions, 40 kindergartens and three institutions of supplementary education in the district including the House of Children's Art, a children's music school, and a children's and youth sports school. The district is also home to 36 libraries and two museums, the "History and Local Lore Museum named after Sergei Mikhailovich Lisenkov" in the village of Bazarnye Mataki and the Museum of the People's Poet of Chuvashia Pyotr Petrovich Khuzangai in the village of Sikterme-Khuzangaevo. The multidenominational population of the district is served by 30

Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

and 5 Orthodox parishes. A local newspaper "Alkeevskie Vesti" ("Әlki hәbәrlәre") has been published in Tatar and Russian languages since 1932.

References

Sources

* * *

External sources

Official website of the district
{{Use mdy dates, date=November 2012 Districts of Tatarstan