Alexey Venediktovich Bakulin (; March 22, 1899 – March 7, 1939) was a Soviet party and state leader, serving as People's Commissar of Communication Routes of the Soviet Union and as Deputy of the First Convocation of the

Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (SSUSSR) was the highest body of state authority of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. Based on the principle of unified power, it was the only branch of government in the So ...

Biography

Alexey Venediktovich Bakulin was born on March 22, 1899, in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

, where his father did military service. He was of

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

Расстрелянное поколение
/ref> ethnicity. After his father was fired, the family returned to their places of origin in

Miass Miass (, ) is a city in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located west of Chelyabinsk, on the eastern slope of the Southern Ural Mountains, on the bank of the river Miass. Population: Name The name Miass is taken from the Bashkirs (), the indige ...

. In 1916 he graduated from the Miass Higher Primary Urban School, after which he worked at a local factory as a draftsman-copymaker and assistant locksmith. From October 1916 he was an instructor of the All-Russian Zemsky Census in the

Orenburg Governorate Orenburg Governorate () was an administrative-territorial unit (''Governorate'') of the Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of ...

. In February 1918, he joined the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...

and in March of the same year became the editor of the newspaper

Izvestia ''Izvestia'' ( rus, Известия, r=Izvestiya, p=ɪzˈvʲesʲtʲɪjə, "The News") is a daily broadsheet newspaper in Russia. Founded in February 1917, ''Izvestia'', which covered foreign relations, was the organ of the Supreme Soviet of th ...

of the city of Miass Zavod. In May 1918, Bakulin joined the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

and from June served as commissar and adjutant in various parts of the

Urals The Ural Mountains ( ),; , ; , or simply the Urals, are a mountain range in Eurasia that runs north–south mostly through Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the river Ural (river), Ural and northwestern Kazakhstan.

, and beginning in September, as inspector for the grain monopoly of the 3rd Army. In the same year he was appointed to the post of military commissar of artillery of the 30th Rifle Division. In 1920 he joined the political department of the 2nd Irkutsk Division and was appointed to the post of military commissar-chief of the political department of the 1st Trans-Baikal Division. In 1921 he was appointed to the post of chief of Political Administration of the Amur and

Far Eastern The Far East is the geographical region that encompasses the easternmost portion of the Asian continent, including North, East and Southeast Asia. South Asia is sometimes also included in the definition of the term. In modern times, the term ''F ...

fronts. At the same time, he was elected a member of the Constituent Assembly of the

Far Eastern Republic The Far Eastern Republic ( rus, Дальневосточная Республика, Dal'nevostochnaya Respublika, p=dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstotɕnəjə rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə, links=yes; ), sometimes called the Chita Republic (, ), was a nominally indep ...

and took part in hostilities against the troops under the command of ataman Semyonov and Baron Ungern. From 1922 he served as head of the agitation department and military commissar of the 10th Cavalry Division and head of the Central Omsk Club of the RKKA commanders, and beginning in 1923 as Deputy Head of the Political Department of the 35th Infantry Division, and then Head of the Political Department of the 6th Altai Cavalry Brigade. In the fall of 1924, Bakulin was sent to study at the Higher Military-Political Academic Courses named after

Nikolay Tolmachyov Nikolai Gurevich Tolmachyov (; November 12 Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>O.S. October 31 1895 – May 26, 1919) was a Russian Bolsheviks">Bolshevik revolutionary and participant of the February and October Revolutions, the ...

, after which in May 1925 he was at the disposal of the intelligence department of the Red Army headquarters, and then sent to China, where he served as military adviser, in the Central Group of Soviet Military advisers, and also taught in a special school, where he trained personnel for the Chinese army. From 1926 to 1927, he served as Vice-Consul of the Consulate General of the Soviet Union in

Hankow Hankou, alternately romanized as Hankow (), was one of the three towns (the other two were Wuchang and Hanyang) merged to become modern-day Wuhan city, the capital of the Hubei province, China. It stands north of the Han and Yangtze Rivers w ...

. From June 1929, he completed an internship in the army as an exploration assistant to the chief of the operational unit of the headquarters of the 35th Infantry Division, then was at the disposal of the Red Army Headquarters Intelligence Directorate and in January 1930 was sent to China as a consul. In July 1931, he was appointed assistant to the 2nd Eastern Division of the People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs of the Soviet Union, and then to the position of assistant manager of the organizational and distribution department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). In September 1933, Bakulin was transferred to the office of the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes, where he was appointed deputy chief of the political department of the

Transcaucasus Railway The Transcaucus Railway () was the first railway in the South Caucasus.Большая Советская Энциклопедия. Гл. ред. Б. А. Введенский, 2-е изд. Т. 16. Железо — Земли. 1952. 672 стр., и ...

, then in 1934 reassigned to the post of assistant to the political department of the People's Commissariat of Communications on personnel, and in the same year made head of the transport department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). In 1935 he became head of the political department of the

Moscow–Kazan Railway The Moscow-Kazan railway was opened in 1893. In 1890 the ''Moscow-Kazan Railway Association'' was established after negotiations with the government. In 1891 Nikolai von Meck, the son of Karl Otto Georg von Meck was appointed with the patronage ...

, followed in 1936 by appointment as head of the Lenin Railway, and in July 1937 to the post of deputy People's Commissar of Communication Routes of the Soviet Union in political affairs. On August 22, 1937, Bakulin was appointed to the post of People's Commissar of Communication Routes of the Soviet Union, but on April 5, 1938, he was removed from his post as unfit to do his job, and on July 23, 1938, he was arrested. On March 7, 1939, Bakulin was convicted of espionage, participating in a counter-revolutionary organization, preparing a terrorist act, and sentenced to capital punishment by the Military Collegium of the

Supreme Court of the Soviet Union The Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, officially the Supreme Court of the USSR () was the highest court of the Soviet Union during its existence. It was established on November 23, 1923 and was dissolved on January 2, 1992. The Supreme Court of ...

. He was shot the same day. He was posthumously rehabilitated on August 25, 1956.

Awards

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (, ) was an award named after Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the October Revolution. It was established by the Central Executive Committee on 6 April 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet ...

(April 4, 1936)

References

External links

On the website "Ministers and People's Commissars of Communication"Biography
on the site "az-libr.ru"
Biography
on the site "1937" {{DEFAULTSORT:Bakulin, Alexey 1899 births 1939 deaths Politicians from Saint Petersburg People from Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd Bolsheviks People's commissars and ministers of the Soviet Union First convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Soviet military personnel of the Russian Civil War Recipients of the Order of Lenin Great Purge victims from Russia People executed by the Soviet Union by firearm Soviet rehabilitations