Alexander Makowsky (17 December 1833 in

Svitavy Svitavy (; ) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is the birthplace of Oskar Schindler and the centre of the Czech Esperanto movement. The historic town centre is well pr ...

– 30 November 1908 in

Brno Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...

) was an Austrian

botanist Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ...

geologist A geologist is a scientist who studies the structure, composition, and History of Earth, history of Earth. Geologists incorporate techniques from physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and geography to perform research in the Field research, ...

and

paleontologist Paleontology, also spelled as palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of the life of the past, mainly but not exclusively through the study of fossils. Paleontologists use fossils as a means to classify organisms, measure geolo ...

. He studied at the University of Technology in Brno, and afterwards, worked as a schoolteacher in

Olomouc Olomouc (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the Statutory city (Czech Republic), sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region. Located on the Morava (rive ...

(1858–64) and Brno (1864–68). From 1873 to 1905 he was a professor of geology and

mineralogy Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical mineralogy, optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifact (archaeology), artifacts. Specific s ...

at the technical university in Brno. He devoted the early part of his career to botanical studies, but his interests later switched to the areas of geology, paleontology and

prehistory Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use ...

. Included in his research were studies of Pleistocene era humans and animals of

Moravia Moravia ( ; ) is a historical region in the eastern Czech Republic, roughly encompassing its territory within the Danube River's drainage basin. It is one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early ...

. With

Anton Rzehak Anton Rzehak (26 May 1855 in Nový Dvůr, part of Nikolčice – 31 March 1923 in Brno) was a Moravian geologist, paleontologist and prehistorian. He studied chemistry and geology at the University of Technology in Brno, where from 1880 to 18 ...

, he produced a geological map of the environs of Brno, titled ''Geologische Karte der Umgebung von Brünn'' (1883).Most widely held works by Alexander Makowsky
WorldCat Identities The discosauriscid

seymouriamorph Seymouriamorpha were a small but widespread group of limbed vertebrates (tetrapods). They have long been considered stem-amniotes (reptiliomorphs), and most paleontologists still accept this point of view, but some analyses suggest that seymouria ...

'' Makowskia laticephala'' commemorates his name.

Selected works

* ''Die Sumpf- und Uferflora von Olmütz'', 1860 – Marsh and riparian flora of Olmütz. * ''Die Flora des Brünner Kreises, nach pflanzengeographischen Principien'', 1862 – The flora of the Brünn area, according to phytogeographical principles. * ''Darwin's Theorie der organischen Schöpfung'' (

1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...

) – vorgetragen in der Sitzung des naturforschenden Vereins vom 11. Jänner 1865 von Alexander Makowsky * ''Die Wasserpest'' (

1869 Events January * January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan. * January 5 – Scotland's second oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded. * January 20 – Elizabe ...

) – ein Beitrag, gehalten in der Plenarsitzung des Naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn am 13. October 1869 * ''Mährens Gesteine in terminologischer Anordnung für die Weltausstellung in Wien'' (

1873 Events January * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the Unit ...

) – Unterrichts-Abtheilung * ''Der Boden von Brünn'' (

1875 Events January * January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of the year (Third C ...

) – Vortrag des Alexander Makowsky im Verein praktischer Aerzte in Brünn. Separate: Tagesbote aus Mähren und Schlesien, Nr. 156, 157 und 158. * ''Die vulkanische Eifel'' (

) – eine geologische Skizze : vorgetragen in der Sitzung des naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn am 11. Februar 1875. * ''Geologischer Führer für die Umgebung von Brünn'' (

1877 Events January * January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act 1876, introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . * January 8 – Great Sioux War of 1876: Batt ...

) – Excursion Nr. 2. 30. September bis 2. October * ''Bericht über den Meteoritenfall bei Tieschitz in Mähren'', 1878 – Report on the

meteorite fall A meteorite fall, also called an observed fall, is a meteorite collected after its fall from outer space, that was also observed by people or automated devices. Any other meteorite is called a "meteorite find, find". There are more than 1,300 d ...

at Tieschitz in Moravia. * ''Die erloschenen Vulkane Nord-Mährens und Öst. Schlesiens'' (

1883 Events January * January 4 – ''Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States. * January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people. * January 16 – ...

) * ''Die Tropfsteinhöhle von Saubsdorf in österr. Schlesien. Freiwaldau'' (

1885 Events January * January 3– 4 – Sino-French War – Battle of Núi Bop: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing Chinese force, in northern Vietnam. * January 17 – Mahdist ...

) – Mährisch-schlesischer Sudeten-Gebirgsverein * ''Der Löss von Brünn und seine Einschlüsse an diluvialen Thieren und Menschen'', 1888 – The

loess A loess (, ; from ) is a clastic rock, clastic, predominantly silt-sized sediment that is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown dust. Ten percent of Earth's land area is covered by loesses or similar deposition (geology), deposits. A loess ...

of Brünn and its inclusions of Pleistocene animals and humans. * ''Der diluviale Mensch in Löss von Brünn'', 1889 – The diluvial man in the loess of Brünn. * ''Denkschrift zur endgiltigen Lösung der Trinkwasserfrage von Brünn'' (

1890 Events January * January 1 – The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony in the Horn of Africa. * January 2 – Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the White House. * January 11 – 1890 British Ultimatum: The Uni ...

) * ''Das Rhinoceros der Diluvialzeit Mährens als Jagdthier des paläolithischen Menschen'', 1897 – The

rhinoceros A rhinoceros ( ; ; ; : rhinoceros or rhinoceroses), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant taxon, extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates (perissodactyls) in the family (biology), famil ...

diluvial Diluvium is an archaic term applied during the 1800s to widespread surficial deposits of sediments that could not be explained by the historic action of rivers and seas. Diluvium was initially argued to have been deposited by the action of extra ...

Moravia as a hunted animal of

Palaeolithic The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic ( years ago) ( ), also called the Old Stone Age (), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone tools, and which represents almost the entire period of human prehist ...

people. * ''Der Mensch der Diluvialzeit Mährens mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der in den mineralogisch-geologischen Sammlungen der k.k. technischen Hochschule in Brünn verwahrten Fundobjecte'' (

1899 Events January * January 1 ** Spanish rule formally ends in Cuba with the cession of Spanish sovereignty to the U.S., concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.''The American Monthly Review of Reviews'' (February 1899), p ...

)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Makowsky, Alexander 1833 births 1908 deaths People from Svitavy Botanists from Austria-Hungary Geologists from Austria-Hungary Paleontologists from Austria-Hungary Scientists from the Austrian Empire