Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov (; 28 July O.S. 16 July">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/> O.S. 16 July1806 – 15 July [Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 3 July">Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 16 July1806 – 15 July O.S. 3 July1858) was a List of Russian artists">Russian painter who adhered to the waning tradition of Neoclassicism">nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 3 July1858) was a List of Russian artists">Russian painter who adhered to the waning tradition of Neoclassicism but found little sympathy with his contemporaries. He was born and died in St. Petersburg. He has been called the master of one work, for it took 20 years to complete his magnum opus ''

The Appearance of Christ Before the People ''The Appearance of Christ Before the People'' ( ''Yavleniye Khrista narodu'') or ''The Apparition of the Messiah'' is an oil painting on canvas, measuring 540 cm × 750 cm, by the Russian painter Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov (1806– ...

''.

Biography

Early years and education

Alexander Andreyevich was born to an art professor Andrey Ivanov. Aged 11, he entered the

Imperial Academy of Arts The Imperial Academy of Arts, informally known as the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts, was an art academy in Saint Petersburg, founded in 1757 by Ivan Shuvalov, the founder of the Imperial Moscow University, under the name ''Academy of th ...

and studied at his father's course together with

Karl Briullov Karl Pavlovich Bryullov ( Bryullo; ; – ) was a Russian painter and draughtsman during the Romantic period, remembered among the greatest visual artists in the history of Russian art. Biography Karl Bryullov was born on 12 (23) December 179 ...

. For his good achievements he was awarded with two silver medals, in 1824 he received a golden medal for the painting 'Priam Asking Achilles to Return Hector's Body'. In 1827 he was honoured with the Big Gold Medal of the Imperial Academy of Arts for 'Joseph interprets the butler's and the baker's dreams' and was promoted to the XIV grade artists. Ivanov's benefactors decided to send him abroad to study art, but required one more picture, thus he creates 'Bellerophon sent to a campaign against the Chimera'. In 1830 Ivanov departs to Europe, first in Germany, then to Italy.

Italian years

Ivanov's first works in

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

were copies of ''

The Creation of Adam ''The Creation of Adam'' (), also known as ''The Creation of Man,'' is a fresco painting by Italian artist Michelangelo, which forms part of the Sistine Chapel ceiling, Sistine Chapel's ceiling, painted –1512. It illustrates the Bible, Biblica ...

'' of the

Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel ( ; ; ) is a chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the pope's official residence in Vatican City. Originally known as the ''Cappella Magna'' ('Great Chapel'), it takes its name from Pope Sixtus IV, who had it built between 1473 and ...

and some drafts of Biblical scenes. He dreamed to create an epic painting of the Messiah coming to people, but first he decided to try himself on lesser-scale picture. In 1834–1835 he finished ''Appearance of Jesus Christ to Maria Magdalena''. The painting had great success both in Rome and St. Petersburg. The Russian Imperial Academy of Arts granted Ivanov an honorary academic degree in 1836. He spent most of his life in Rome, where he befriended

Gogol Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol; ; (; () was a Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright of Ukrainian origin. Gogol used the grotesque in his writings, for example, in his works " The Nose", " Viy", "The Overcoat", and " Nevsky Prosp ...

and was influenced by the Nazarenes.

''The Appearance of Christ Before the People''

Ivanov spent 20 years (1837–1857) in Rome, working on his greatest masterpiece ''The Appearance of Christ Before the People''.

Death

Ivanov died of

cholera Cholera () is an infection of the small intestine by some Strain (biology), strains of the Bacteria, bacterium ''Vibrio cholerae''. Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea last ...

on July 3, 1858. He was buried in

St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of 5,601, ...

at the

Novodevichy Cemetery Novodevichy Cemetery () is a cemetery in Moscow. It lies next to the southern wall of the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the city's third most popular tourist site. History The cemetery was designed by Ivan Mashkov and inaugurated ...

. In 1936, he was reburied with the transfer of the monument to the

Tikhvin Cemetery Tikhvin Cemetery () is a historic cemetery in the centre of Saint Petersburg. It is part of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, and is one of four cemeteries in the complex. Since 1932 it has been part of the , which refers to it as the Necropolis of the ...

of the

Alexander Nevsky Lavra Saint Alexander Nevsky Lavra or Saint Alexander Nevsky Monastery was founded by Peter I of Russia in 1710 at the eastern end of the Nevsky Prospekt in Saint Petersburg, in the belief that this was the site of the Neva Battle in 1240 when Alexa ...

Influence and critics

Critical judgement about Ivanov improved in the following generation. Some of the numerous sketches he had prepared for ''The Appearance'' have been recognized as masterpieces in their own right. The most comprehensive collection of his works can be viewed at the

Russian Museum The State Russian Museum (), formerly known as the Russian Museum of His Imperial Majesty Alexander III (), on Arts Square in Saint Petersburg, is the world's largest depository of Russian fine art. It is also one of the largest art museums in ...

in St. Petersburg.

Gallery

File:Александр Андреевич Иванов - Явление Христа народу (Явление Мессии) - Google Art Project.jpg, ''

'' (1837–57) File:Alexander Ivanov - Christ's Appearance to Mary Magdalene after the Resurrection - Google Art Project.jpg, ''

Noli me tangere ''Noli me tangere'' ('touch me not') is the Latin version of a phrase spoken, according to John 20:17, by Jesus to Mary Magdalene when she recognized him after His resurrection. The original Koine Greek phrase is (). The biblical scene has b ...

'', 1835 File:Alexandr Ivanov 025.jpg,

Joseph Joseph is a common male name, derived from the Hebrew (). "Joseph" is used, along with " Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the modern-day Nordic count ...

interprets the butler's and the baker's dreams, 1827 File:Alexandr Ivanov 005.jpg,

Priam In Greek mythology, Priam (; , ) was the legendary and last king of Troy during the Trojan War. He was the son of Laomedon. His many children included notable characters such as Hector, Paris, and Cassandra. Etymology Most scholars take the e ...

Asking

Achilles In Greek mythology, Achilles ( ) or Achilleus () was a hero of the Trojan War who was known as being the greatest of all the Greek warriors. The central character in Homer's ''Iliad'', he was the son of the Nereids, Nereid Thetis and Peleus, ...

to Return Hector's Body, 1824 File:Apollo, Hyacinthus and Cyparis singing and playing by Alexander Ivanov.jpg,

Apollo Apollo is one of the Twelve Olympians, Olympian deities in Ancient Greek religion, ancient Greek and Ancient Roman religion, Roman religion and Greek mythology, Greek and Roman mythology. Apollo has been recognized as a god of archery, mu ...

, Hyacinthus and Cyparis singing and playing, 1831–1834 File:Bellerofont otpravljaetsja v pohod protiv Himery.jpg,

Bellerophon Bellerophon or Bellerophontes (; ; lit. "slayer of Belleros") or Hipponous (; lit. "horse-knower"), was a divine Corinthian hero of Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon and Eurynome, and the foster son of Glaukos. He was "the greatest her ...

sent to a campaign against the

Chimera Chimera, Chimaera, or Chimaira (Greek for " she-goat") originally referred to: * Chimera (mythology), a fire-breathing monster of ancient Lycia said to combine parts from multiple animals * Mount Chimaera, a fire-spewing region of Lycia or Cilicia ...

, 1829 File:Alexandr Ivanov 050.JPG, Joseph's Brothers Find the Silver Goblet in Benjamin's Pack, 1831–1833 File:Aleksander Ivanov - Аппиева дорога (Via Appia) при закате солнца - Google Art Project.jpg,

Appian Way The Appian Way (Latin and Italian language, Italian: Via Appia) is one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient Roman Republic, republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. Its importance is in ...

at Sunset, 1845 File:Alexandr Ivanov 014.jpg,

Last supper Image:The Last Supper - Leonardo Da Vinci - High Resolution 32x16.jpg, 400px, alt=''The Last Supper'' by Leonardo da Vinci - Clickable Image, ''The Last Supper (Leonardo), The Last Supper'' (1495-1498). Mural, tempera on gesso, pitch and mastic ...

, 1850 File:Ivanov Vittoria Caldoni 1834.jpg, '' Vittoria Caldoni'', 1834 File:N.Gogol by A.Ivanov (1841, Russian museum) 2.jpg, ''

Nikolai Gogol Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol; ; (; () was a Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright of Ukrainian origin. Gogol used the Grotesque#In literature, grotesque in his writings, for example, in his works "The Nose (Gogol short story), ...

'', 1841

References

External links

*
Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov
at the

Russian Academy of Arts Russian Academy of Arts (RAA / rus. РАХ, Росси́йская акаде́мия худо́жеств) is the State scientific Institution of Russian Federation, eligible heir to the USSR Academy of Arts. A founder of RAA is the Governmen ...

' official website *
Online gallery of Ivanov's worksPainting
'Priam Asking Achilles to Return Hector's Body' in The State Tretyakov Gallery {{DEFAULTSORT:Ivanov, Alexander Andreyevich 1806 births 1858 deaths 19th-century painters from the Russian Empire Male painters from the Russian Empire Neoclassical painters Watercolorists from the Russian Empire Painters from Saint Petersburg 19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire Burials at Tikhvin Cemetery Deaths from cholera Russian history painters